Recent Additions on Risk Assessment Research
Find current and past announcements about human health and ecological risk assessments, public meetings, workshops, and other related products.
EPA's National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) is hosting a workshop on Epigenetics and Cumulative Risk Assessment in Arlington, VA on September 2-3, 2015. The purpose of the workshop is to examine the state-of-the-science with respect to the role of the environment in inducing epigenetic changes in the regulation of gene expression. The workshop will emphasize exposure to both chemical and non-chemical stressors and differential susceptibility to the development of common non-communicable diseases.
An updated preliminary Agenda is now available for the Formaldehyde Workshop, which will be held on April 30 and May 1, 2014, in the Washington D.C. metro area. A final agenda, additional workshop details, and a specific location will be announced in the near future.
[Federal Register Notice Nov 9, 2011]
[Federal Register Jan 27, 2011]
If you are interested in attending register at 2010 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference.
[Federal Register Jan 5, 2009]
The deadline for nominations is Nov. 5, 2008.
WEPPCAT is an online tool that provides a flexible capability for creating user-determined climate change scenarios for assessing the potential impacts of climate change on sediment loading to streams using the USDA's Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) Model. In combination with the existing capabilities of WEPP for assessing the effectiveness of management practices, WEPPCAT also can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies for managing the impacts of climate change.
"EPA's 2008 Report on the Environment is part of an important dialogue on how to improve our ability to assess the nation's environmental quality and human health, and how we can use that information for better management in achieving measurable environmental results," said Dr. George Gray, EPA's assistant administrator for the Office of Research and Development. Learn more about the ROE at epa.gov/roe
The photo (on the left) is taken from the Long Creek Watershed in Maine.
EPA is announcing the completion of the final report, Dermal Exposure Assessment: A Summary of EPA Approaches and its availability to the public. This final report presents a concise description and evaluation of the approaches used in the Agency for dermal exposure assessment including a discussion about harmonization and research needs in this area. The report is intended to be used by EPA program offices in their efforts to refine and revise the methods they use to assess dermal exposure to chemicals in the environment and to facilitate cooperation in the development of new methods, models and guidance for dermal exposure assessment.
EPA announces the release of the final document, Climate Change and Interacting Stressors: Implications for Coral Reef Management in American Samoa, which provides a synthesis of information on the interactive effects of climate change and other stressors on the reefs of American Samoa as well as an assessment of potential management responses. The purpose of the report is to provide the coral reef managers of American Samoa, as well as other coral reef managers in the Pacific region, with some management options to help enhance the capacity of local coral reefs to resist the negative effects of climate change.
EPA is announcing the start of a 45-day public comment period for the draft document titled, EPA's 2007 Report on the Environment: Science Report (ROE SR) (EPA/600/R-07/045) as described in the [Federal Register May 10, 2007]. This study is an analysis based on data derived from the latest and most reliable indicators to help understand critical trends in the environment and human health.
EPA is hosting the 2007 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference in West Chester, OH, April 23- 26, 2007 with the theme "Emerging Issues and Challenges in Risk Assessment." Registration (for the conference and hotel), directions and a draft agenda are now available.
EPA is announcing the release of the final report, Analysis of Total Food Intake and Composition of Individual's Diet Based on USDA's 1994-1996, 98 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) (Final). This study is an analysis based on data derived from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's 1994-96, 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII) to characterize the consumption of food by the people of the United States.
EPA is announcing the release of the final report, Analysis of Fat Intake Based on USDA's 1994-1996, 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) (Final). This study is an analysis based on data derived from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's 1994-96, 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII) and EPA's Food Commodity Intake Database (FCID).
EPA is announcing the release of the final report, "Pilot Survey of Levels of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Mercury in Rural Soils of the United States." This study is a compilation of the measurements of levels of dioxins, PCBs and mercury in soil samples from numerous rural locations across the country.
EPA's Risk Assessment Forum Staff recently released the final document, Framework for Metals Risk Assessment, announced in a Press Release on March 8, 2007, outlines key principles about metals and describes how they should be considered in conducting human health and ecological risk assessments. The Framework seeks to advance our understanding of the impact of metals in a consistent manner across the Agency's programs since inorganic metals and metal compounds present unique issues for risk assessors.
EPA is announcing the latest update to the Benchmark Dose Software (BMDS) tool which is used to facilitate the application of benchmark dose (BMD) methods to EPA hazardous pollutant risk assessments. This latest version (1.4) contains seventeen (17) different models that are appropriate for the analysis of dichotomous (quantal) data (Gamma, Logistic, Log-Logistic, Multistage, Probit, Log-Probit, Quantal-Linear, Quantal-Quadratic, Weibull and Multistage-Cancer), continuous data (Linear, Polynomial, Power, and Hill) and nested developmental toxicology data (NLogistic, NCTR, and Rai & Van Ryzin).
EPA is announcing a re-opening of the public comment period for the draft document titled, Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook (EPA/600/R-06/096A) as described in the [Federal Register Jan 22, 2006]. The original 60-day public comment period was announced in the Federal Register on October 6, 2006. In response to requests to extend the comment period, EPA has re-opened the comment period for an additional 30 days. The re-opening comment period will end on February 21, 2007.
Agenda links and more information are available.
The theme that 40 NCEA science posters presented at this year's Forum pertain to was called "your health, your environment, your future." Now the posters are available from the Science Forum site or by clicking the link above.
[Update 5/31] Executive Summary and Chapter 7 have been added to the list of downloads.
Comments on this document ( BW3/4 ) may be submitted and reviewed using the e-Government Regulations.gov Web site. From the site, select 'Environmental Protection Agency' and the keyword 'ORD-2006-0116' (for the docket ID). Full details on the comment period can be found in the [Federal Register Feb15, 2006].
Environmental Assessment. Interested parties are invited to assist the EPA in developing and refining the scientific information base for updating the Air Quality Criteria for Oxides of Nitrogen by submitting research studies that have been published, accepted for publication, or presented at a public scientific meeting. This was announced in a December 9, 2005 Federal Register Notice.
The public comment period has recently been extended to December 12, 2005 as described in the [Federal Register Nov 3, 2005].
[Federal Register Mar 8, 2005] [FRL-7882-1].
EPA released for public review and comment revised draft Chapters 7 and 8 of the Fourth External Review Draft of EPA's document, Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter on December 30, 2003. These chapters incorporate revisions made in response to earlier external review of those chapters, including comments received at the August 25 and 26, 2003, review meeting of the EPA Science Advisory Board's Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC). At that meeting, CASAC reached closure on all chapters except Chapter 7 (toxicology), Chapter 8 (human health), and 9 (integrative synthesis). Since then CASAC has provided additional review comments on revised drafts of Chapters 7 and 8 (dated December 2003). EPA also made further revised drafts of Chapters 7, 8, and 9 available for CASAC and public review in June 2004. These revised draft chapters were reviewed by CASAC at a public meeting held July 20-21, 2004. Closure was achieved on Chapters 7 and 8.
Date: August 3-5, 2004
Location: Sheraton Crystal City, VA.
- Chemistry and Physics of Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants (Chapter 2)
- Environmental Concentrations, Patterns, and Exposure Estimates (Chapter 3)
- Toxicological Effects of Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants in Laboratory Animals and In Vitro Test Systems (Chapter 5)
- Controlled Human Exposure Studies of Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants (Chapter 6)
Inhalation and oral cancer risk assessments of benzene are already available on IRIS.
Work Plan for Revised Air Quality Criteria for Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants,
NCEA-R-1068 (November 2002), prepared by The National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development. This document is a revised version of the External Review Draft released in December 2001 and provides managerial procedures for revising the 1996 Ozone Air Quality Criteria Document. The draft document will be reviewed by the Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC) of EPA's Science Advisory Board (SAB) in a public teleconference meeting that will take place Thursday, February 6, 2003 in Room 6013, U.S. EPA, Ariel Rios Federal Building North, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20004.
humans. Secondly, the assessment evaluates the exposure-response characteristics of the key health effects so that information is available for understanding the possible impact on an exposed population.
Versar, Inc. (an EPA contractor) for EPA's Risk Assessment Forum. The meeting was held in Washington, DC on August 22 and 23, 2001. The meeting discussions focused on the August 2, 2001 draft Framework for Cumulative Risk Assessment.
Note: this report is not EPA's reassessment of the health risks from dioxin. For more information about the dioxin reassessment, please visit: www.epa.gov/dioxin
need for the most up-to-date and accurate data on exposure factors used in assessing exposure to contaminants in the environment is of high priority to exposure assessors throughout the U.S. The completion of the Exposure Factors Handbook has only been the first step in fulfilling this need. This web page is intended to provide a focal point where the most current information
and data on exposure factors can be found.
of IRIS concerning documentation of data variability and uncertainty, in response to a Congressional directive contained in HR 106-379. The final report reflects EPA's Science Advisory Board review.
- December 5, 2000
- Options for Development of Parametric Probability Distributions for Exposure Factors
(This file contains the Table of Contents) EPA/600/R-00/058, July 2000
These documents summarize a system of procedures to fit distributions to selected data from the Exposure Factors Handbook to fulfill a need expressed by users of the Handbook.
November 20, 2000- Toxicological Review of Chloroprene [and IRIS Summary]
NCEA-S-0932, October 2000, External Review Draft
EPA is providing for public information a draft Toxicological Review, draft IRIS Summary, and charge to external peer reviewers for EPA's health assessment of chloroprene (CAS No. 126-99-8). These documents are provided for public viewing during an external scientific peer review period.
November 3, 2000- Discussion Materials for External Peer Review of the Draft Benchmark Dose Technical Guidance Document
Peer Review Workshop Documents, December 7-8, 2000
November 2, 2000- Benchmark Dose Software The Benchmark Dose Software and pages have been updated. Review the new changes here. Registration is required.
October 26, 2000- Strategy for Research on Environmental Risks to Children
EPA/600/R-00/068 October 2000
The EPA's Office of Research and Development has completed the Strategy for Research on Environmental Risks to Children, which provides the strategic direction for ORD's research program in children's health.
October 25, 2000- Reference Dose for Methylmercury
NCEA S-0932 October 2000 External Review Draft
The draft document is being made available during an external scientific peer-review period. It will be reviewed by a panel of experts at a peer-review workshop on November 15, 2000. The Agency also is accepting comments from the public during a limited public review and comment period.
October 25, 2000- A Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology with Special Reference to Environmental Karst Hydrology, Attachment 1
October 25, 2000- The QTracer Program for Tracer-Breakthrough Curve Analysis for Karst and Fractured-Rock Aquifers
EPA/600/R-98/156a, February 1999
The draft document is being made available during an external scientific peer-review period. It will be reviewed by a panel of experts at a peer-review workshop on November 15, 2000. The Agency also is accepting comments from the public during a limited public review and comment period. -
October 3, 2000 - Global Change Research Strategy
Office of Research and Development's Global Change Research Strategy is publicly available for review and comment.
September 28, 2000- Dioxin Reassessment
EPA is releasing three draft chapters of its dioxin reassessment for review by the Agency's Science Advisory Board (SAB) and for public comment. EPA is also making available the current working drafts of the other parts of the dioxin reassessment as well as fact sheets that provide background information on the reassessment and EPA's dioxin risk management efforts.
September 12, 2000- Ecological Risk Assessment Workshop
The workshop described in this report was conducted to further develop and document the process for the risk characterization phase of watershed-scale ecological risk assessment. The recommendations reflect the responses of workshop participants to charge questions addressing those aspects of watershed-scale ecological risk characterization deemed most in need of a procedural framework.
August 25, 2000- Toxicological Review of Quinoline [and IRIS Summary]
NCEA-S-0883 August 2000 External Review Draft
EPA is providing for public information a draft Toxicological Review, draft IRIS Summary, and charge to external peer reviewers for EPA's health assessment of quinoline (CAS No. 91-22-5). These documents are provided for public infromation during an external scientific peer review period.
August 23, 2000- CatReg Software for Categorical Regression Analysis
CatReg is a computer program, written in the S-PLUS. (MathSoft, Inc.) programming language, to support the conduct of exposure-response analyses by toxicologists and health scientists. CatReg can be used to perform categorical regression analyses on toxicity data after effects have been assigned to ordinal severity categories (e.g., no effect, adverse effect, severe effect) and associated with up to two independent variables corresponding to the exposure conditions (e.g., concentration and duration) under which the effects occurred.
August 23, 2000- Presidential Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management
from September 26, 1997.
The Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management, which was mandated as part of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, was disbanded on August 31, 1997, with some staff work continuing into September. The reports and associated documents of the Commission are being made available on the NCEA web site.
August 21, 2000- Toxicological Review of Acetaldehyde [and IRIS Summary]
NCEA-S-0687, July 2000 External Review Draft, PDF Version (170K)
EPA is providing for public information a draft Toxicological Review, draft IRIS Summary, and charge to external peer reviewers for EPA's health assessment of acetaldehyde (CAS No. 75-07-0). These documents are provided for public information during an external scientific peer review period.
August 17, 2000- Toxicological Review of Methyl Chloride [and IRIS Summary]
NCEA S-0877, July 2000, External Review Draft
EPA is providing for public information a draft Toxicological Review, draft IRIS Summary, and charge to external peer reviewers for EPA's health assessment of methyl chloride (CAS No. 74-87-3). These documents are provided for public viewing during an external scientific peer review period.
August 17, 2000- Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook
NCEA-W-0853 June 2000 External Review Draft
Although the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) has published the Exposure Factors Handbook in 1997 (EPA/600/P-95/002Fa-c), which includes exposure factors and related data on both adults and children, the EPA Program Offices identified the need to consolidate all children exposure data into one document. The goal of the Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook is to fulfill this need. The document provides a summary of the available and up-to-date statistical data on various factors assessing children exposures.
August 10, 2000- EPA Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgates the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) on the basis of scientific information contained in criteria documents. The last air quality criteria document for carbon monoxide (CO) was completed by EPA in 1991. This revised criteria document consolidates and updates the current scientific basis for another reevaluation of the NAAQS for CO, currently set at 9 ppm (10 mg/m3) for 8 h and 35 ppm (40 mg/m3) for 1 h.
August 9, 2000- Characterization of Data Variability and Uncertainty: Health Effects Assessments in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
EPA is releasing the final report of an evaluation of IRIS concerning documentation of data variability and uncertainty, in response to a Congressional directive contained in HR 106-379. This final report reflects EPA's Science Advisory Board review.
August 8, 2000- Health Assessment Document for Diesel Exhaust
EPA/600/8-90/057E, July 2000, SAB Review Draft
EPA is releasing a revised draft Health Assessment Document for Diesel Exhaust. The draft assessment will be peer-reviewed by the Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC) of the EPA's Science Advisory Board in the Fall of 2000 and NCEA will accept public comments. Details of the CASAC meeting and the public comment period will be announced in the Federal Register.
August 3, 2000- Hexachlorocyclopentadiene: External Review Drafts of IRIS Documents
EPA is providing for public information a draft Toxicological Review, draft IRIS Summary, and charge to external peer reviewers for EPA's health assessment of hexachlorocyclopentadiene (CAS No. 77-47-4). These documents are provided for public information during an external scientific peer review period.
June 12, 2000- Draft Dioxin Reassessment
EPA is releasing two draft chapters of its dioxin reassessment for peer review and public comment. EPA is also making available the current working drafts of the other parts of the dioxin reassessment as well as fact sheets that provide background information on the reassessment and EPA's dioxin risk management efforts. Note: These documents have been superseded by September 2000 draft documents which will be reviewed by EPA's Science Advisory Board and which are now available on the web.
June 1, 2000- Post Doctoral Positions available in ORD/National Center for Environmental Assessment
As part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) effort through its Office of Research and Development (ORD) to recruit post-doctoral candidates to fill positions in EPA laboratories and centers, the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) is seeking post-doctoral candidates from a wide range of disciplines for its divisions in Washington, DC, Research Triangle Park, NC, and Cincinnati, OH.
May 29, 2000- The Effects of Ammonium Perchlorate on Thyroids Pathology Working Group Report
In response to recommendations made at the February 1999 external peer review of the December 1998 document entitled, Perchlorate Environmental Contamination: Toxicology Review and Risk Characterization (https://www.epa.gov/ncea/perch.htm), the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) arranged for a review of the thyroids from all of the studies by independent pathologists using a consistent lesion grading scheme and to then convene a pathology working group (PWG). The objective of this review was to perform a review by a second pathologist, that had not been performed for any of the individual studies, and which is traditionally accomplished before convening a PWG. Because of the potential for inconsistency across the studies due to the fact that the various studies had been performed by several different laboratories with several different study pathologists using different lesion grading systems, which made use of these data difficult for comparison and development of dose-response analyses, the purpose of the independent peer review and PWG was to decrease variability in response across the studies by providing a common nomenclature for lesions and a consistent pathology review.
April 11, 2000- MTBE and Fuel Oxygenates
MTBE and fuel oxygenates have been the subject of health risk assessments and research strategies prepared by the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA).
January 28, 2000- A Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology with Special Reference to Environmental Karst Hydrology
The National Center for Environmental Assessment-Washington Office (NCEA-W) has prepared this glossary to serve as a technical guide for EPA's regional offices and the general public who need to read karst literature or interact with karst researchers.
January 27, 2000- Toxicology and Risk Assessment Approaches for the 21st Century Conference
April 10-13, 2000
Kings Island, OH
An interagency conference sponsored by Tri-Service Toxicology; the National Center for Environmental Assessment, United States Environmental Protection Agency; the Division of Toxicology, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; and with the cooperation of the National Research Council/National Academy of Sciences.
NOTE: This web page is no longer available.
- December 8, 1999
- Summary Of The U.S. EPA Colloquium On a Framework for Human Health Risk Assessment
EPA/600/R-99/001 and EPA/600/R-98/155
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recognized the need to develop a framework for human health risk assessment that puts a perspective on the approaches in practice throughout the Agency. The framework will be a communication piece that will lay out the scientific basis, principles, and policy choices underlying past and current risk assessment approaches and will provide recommendations for integrating/harmonizing risk assessment methodologies for all human health endpoints.
November 17, 1999- Sociodemographic Data Used For Identifying Potentially Highly Exposed Populations EPA/600/R-99/060
The document entitled Sociodemographic Data Used for Identifying Potentially Highly Exposed Populations (also referred to as the Highly Exposed Populations document), assists assessors in identifying and enumerating potentially highly exposed populations. This document presents data relating to factors which potentially impact an individual or group's exposure to environmental contaminants based on activity patterns (how time is spent), microenvironments (locations where time is spent), and other socio-demographic data such as age, gender, race and economic status.
November 17, 1999- Mercury Research Strategy (Workshop Review Draft)
NCEA-I-0710, November 1999
The Mercury Research Strategy describes a research program that provides information, methods, models, and data to address key scientific questions of greatest concern to EPA, reducing uncertainties currently limiting the Agency's ability to assess and manage mercury and methylmercury risks. The Office of Research and Development expects that the research strategy will be used to guide the development of a more detailed implementation plan. It will act as a resource for EPA managers who must make decisions about future research priorities and budgets.
November 15, 1999- Health Assessment Document for Diesel Emissions, SAB Review Draft EPA/600/8-90/057D
This revised draft assessment of the possible health hazards from human exposure to diesel engine exhaust emissions updates two earlier drafts (1998 and 1994) that were reviewed by the Agency's Science Advisory Board (SAB) Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC).
October 22, 1999- Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter EPA 600/P-99/002a, b, c - External Review Draft
This external review draft document is an updated revision of the Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter. The present external review draft critically assesses the latest scientific information relative to determining the health and welfare effects associated with exposure to various concentrations of PM in ambient air.
October 19, 1999- Annotated Bibliography Developed for the Graduate Level Introductory GIS Classes Taught at EPA EPA/R-99/088
This document represents a compilation of the bibliographies submitted by the students. The abstracts are presented in alphabetical order, by author, and have only been edited for style, not content. References that were cited by more than one student will appear as duplicates in this document. Each duplicate contains a different student's abstract.
October 15, 1999- National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Carbon Monoxide (Second External Review Draft)
EPA is now issuing a second external review draft of Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide for a 30-day public comment period and for review before the Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC) later in 1999. This draft contains revisions made in response to public and CASAC review comments on the February 1999 external review draft.
October 12, 1999- Strategy for Research on Environmental Risks to Children (External Peer Review Draft)
The Draft Strategy for Research on Environmental Risks to Children describes the research directions that EPA's Office of Research and Development (ORD) will follow over the next five years in its Children's Health Program.
September 30, 1999- Summary of the U.S. EPA Workshop on the Relationship Between Exposure Duration and Toxicity EPA/600/R-99/081
Current risk assessment procedures are based on overall daily exposure levels, and tend to emphasize effects resulting from continuous exposure over a lifetime. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Risk Assessment Forum is beginning to examine how dose-duration relationships are or can be incorporated into the risk assessment process for less-than-lifetime exposures.
September 29, 1999- The Second National Conference on Scientific and Technical Data
Conference Announcement and Call for Papers
In conjunction with several federal science agencies, the U.S. National Committee for CODATA is organizing the second national data conference to address important multidisciplinary issues in managing and using scientific and technical (S&T) data, and to improve the visibility of those issues nationally. The main focus will be to promote the availability and usefulness of S&T data to all users, both in research and in the broader society, using examples of ground-breaking and innovative applications and highly creative partnerships.
Note: This web site is no longer available.
August 19, 1999- Toxicological Review of Chloroethane CAS No. 75-00-3
In Support of Summary Information on the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
Chloroethane (CE) is a gaseous halohydrocarbon under ambient conditions. Its uses include: a topical analgesic, an anesthetic when mixed with nitrous dioxide or trichloroethane, a degreasing agent, and an agent to blow styrene in foaming operations. Anecdotal human reports indicate that recreational CE sniffing causes neurological disturbances. Nothing is known about chronic oral toxicology in animals or humans.
May 20, 1999- Toxicological Review of Vinyl Chloride, External Review Draft
The purpose of this Toxicological Review is to provide scientific support and rationale for the hazard and dose-response assessment in IRIS pertaining to chronic exposure to vinyl chloride. It is not intended to be a comprehensive treatise on the chemical or toxicological nature of vinyl chloride.
May 12, 1999- Extrapolation of the Benzene Inhalation Unit Risk Estimate to the Oral Route of Exposure
The National Center for Environmental Assessment-Washington Division, Office of Research and Development, prepared this document on the Extrapolation of the Benzene Inhalation Unit Risk Estimate to the Oral Route of Exposure. This document will serve as a source for updating the oral cancer unit risk estimate for benzene in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). Given the absence of oral dose-response information, the authors propose a simple method for extrapolating benzene-induced cancer risk from the inhalation to the oral route. The method is based on the relative efficiency of benzene absorption across pulmonary and gastrointestinal barriers. Substantial literature on pulmonary absorption in humans and a few laboratory animal species exists. Data on oral absorption in humans are lacking; hence extrapolation is based on gastrointestinal absorption studies in several experimental animal species. A review of the relevant literature suggests absorption efficiencies of 50% and 100% for inhalation and oral routes of exposure, respectively. Application of these absorption factors to the current inhalation unit risk range of 2.2 X 10-6 to 7.8 X 10-6 per ug/m3 results in a proposed range for the oral unit risk of 4.4 X 10-7 to 1.6 X 10-6/5g/L.
April 30, 1999- Guidance for Conducting Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures, External Scientific Peer Review Draft
This guidance document is intended to reflect the evolution of scientific developments in the area of chemical mixtures risk assessment. Information is organized according to the type of data available to the risk assessor, ranging from data rich to data poor situations. Procedures are described for assessment using data on the mixture of concern, data on a toxicologically related mixture, as well as data on the mixture component chemicals. As new information relevant to health risk from exposure to chemical mixtures becomes available, additional guidance documents will be published.
April 5, 1999- Report of the Workshop on Selecting Input Distributions For Probabilistic Assessments
This policy establishes the Agency's position that such probabilistic analysis techniques as Monte Carlo Analysis, given adequate supporting data and credible assumptions, can be viable statistical tools for analyzing variability and uncertainty in risk assessments. The policy also identifies several implementation activities designed to assist Agency assessors with their review and preparation of probabilistic assessments.
March 19, 1999- Request for Applications for a Cooperative Agreement to Provide Assistance in Cosponsoring a National Conference on Biological Variability within and Between Children from Different U.S. Racial/Ethnicity Groups: Implications for Environmental Risk Assessment
The National Center for Environmental Assessment - Washington Office (NCEA-W), within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development (ORD), is issuing this "Request for Applications" (RFA) for a cooperative agreement to provide assistance in cosponsoring a national conference that will examine the scientific evidence on the question of the "Biological Variability Within and Between Children From Different U.S. Racial/Ethnicity Groups: Implications for Environmental Risk Assessment."
Note: This web site is no longer available.
March 18, 1999- Cadmium and Compounds External Review Draft
The four documents on this site are the drafts of the IRIS cadmium assessments that will undergo external peer review at a date to be announced at this site and in the Federal Register. The draft documents are: the cancer assessment, the inhalation RfC, the oral RfD, and the Toxicological Review, the latter document supporting the derivation of the former three assessments.
March 18, 1999- Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide External Review Draft
This document has been superseded by the Second External Review Draft
Recent air quality analyses show that ambient CO concentrations measured at central, fixed-site monitors in metropolitan areas of the United States have decreased significantly since the late 1980s when the last scientific review was completed. The decline in ambient CO follows approximately the decline in motor vehicle emissions. A significantly larger portion of an individual's total CO exposure may come from uncontrolled indoor and outdoor sources. Health assessment provided in this document supports and substantiates the conclusions drawn in the previous document. The greater concern has focused on subpopulations who are particularly susceptible to CO, especially the subpopulation with coronary artery disease.
March 15, 1999- Post Doctoral Positions available in ORD/National Center for Environmental Assessment
As part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) effort through its Office of Research and Development (ORD) to recruit post-doctoral candidates to fill positions in EPA laboratories and centers, the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) is seeking post-doctoral candidates from a wide range of disciplines for its divisions in Washington, DC, Research Triangle Park, NC, and Cincinnati, OH.
March 5, 1999- Call for Papers: Conference on Topics in Toxicology and Risk Assessment, April 12-15 1999 UPDATED
Note: This web site is no longer available.
February 18, 1999- Comparative Risk Framework Methodology and Case Study
The U.S. EPA traditionally uses a four step approach, known as the risk assessment paradigm, to assess risks posed by pollutants, whose presence is generally considered not to be beneficial to human health (NAS, 1983). This document's primary goal is to advance a methodology capable of evaluating the interdependent and disparate health outcomes and financial costs of alternative treatment systems. The secondary goal is to highlight the usefulness of the methodology through a case study presented within.
January 29, 1999- Benchmark Dose Software
The source code has been made available in C for programmers for the Benchmark Dose Software. Registration is required.
January 26, 1999- Oxygenates in Water: Critical Information and Research Needs
Identify key issues related to assessing and managing the potential health and environmental risks of oxygenate contamination of water. Oxygenates are chemicals added to fuels ("oxyfuels") to increase the oxygen content and thereby reduce emissions from use of the fuel. This document builds on and extends an earlier report, Oxyfuels Information Needs (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1996), which included water issues but tended to focus more on inhalation health risk issues.
January 21, 1999- Environmental Risk Assessments of Oil and Gas Activities Using National Security and Civilian Data Sources
The national security systems (NSS) of Russia and the United States have been used for more than three decades to monitor each other's military and economic infrastructure. These high-resolution imaging systems can provide unique data for assessing a wide range of environmental issues. In 1993, Vice President Albert Gore (USA) and Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin (Russia) held talks on the environmental utility of both nations' classified imagery data. As a result of these meetings, the Environmental Working Group (EWG) was formed in 1995.
January 15, 1999- Perchlorate Environmental Contamination: Toxicological Review and Risk Characterization Based on Emerging Information External Review Draft
The external peer review draft (ERD) of the document entitled Perchlorate Environmental Contamination: Toxicological Review and Risk Characterization Based on Emerging Information has been released to the expert peer review panel and the public. The ERD presents an updated human health risk assessment as well as an ecological assessment of newly performed studies on the toxicity of perchlorate. The human and ecological assessments may be used in the future to support development of a health advisory or a National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) and cleanup decisions at hazardous waste sites.
January 11, 1999- First Announcement for Dioxin'99:
19th International Symposium on Halogenated Environmental Organic Pollutants and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
Note: This web site is no longer available.
January 4, 1999- Dioxin Exposure Initiative Update
Two of the articles available for downloading from our Dioxin Exposure Initiative web site were "in press" until recently. The papers are now made available though the NCEA web site at https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/risk/recordisplay.cfm?deid=54886. One is in the trends section and deals with modeling of 2,3,7,8-TCDD body burden, and the other one is in incinerator impacts.
- December 22, 1998
- Benchmark Dose Software
- December 16, 1998
- Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS); Announcement of 1999 Program; Request for Information [FRL-6200-3]
November 16, 1998- Technical Workshop on Issues Associated with Dermal Exposure and Uptake
- November 9, 1998
- Toxicological Review of Benzene (Non-Cancer Effects) Extension of Closing Date to Dec 31, 1998
- October 23, 1998
- Report of the Meeting to Peer-Review "The Inventory of Sources of Dioxin in the United States
October 9, 1998- Call for Papers: Conference on Topics in Toxicology and Risk Assessment (12-15 April 1999)
NOTE: This web page is no longer available. - October 5, 1998
- Toxicological Review of Benzene (Non-Cancer Effects)
September 24, 1998- Health Effects of Inhaled Crystalline and Amorphous Silica
September 24, 1998- A Case Study of Soils in the United States
- September 2, 1998
- You can now search using EIMS!
- July 28, 1998
- Report on Shrimp Virus Peer Review and Risk Assessment Workshop: Developing a Qualitative Ecological Risk Assessment Draft Final EPA/630/R-98/001A
- July 27, 1998
- President Clinton Names Norine E. Noonan as Assistant Administrator for Research and Development at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTE: This web page is no longer available.
July 22, 1998- Mathematical Statistician Opening, GS-1529-11/12/13/14
NOTE: This web page is no longer available.
July 21, 1998- Technical Workshop on Exposure-Duration and Toxicity Relationships
- June 22, 1998
- Solicitation for Applications for a Cooperative Agreement
Regarding Risk Assessment Meetings, Forums, &Related Events Covering Scientific Risk Assessment Areas Pertinent to the U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment. NOTE: This web page is no longer available. - June 22, 1998
- Solicitation for Applications for Cooperative Agreements
Regarding Soil Chemistry Issues in the Development of Ecological Soil Screening Levels. NOTE: This web page is no longer available. - June 17, 1998
- Chloroethane Carcinogenicity (CAS No. 75-00-3) EPA/600/R-95/099
Chloroethane (CE; CAS No. 75-00-3) can alkylate cellular constituents but binding studies do not exist. CE is mutagenic in four tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium, plus and minus S9 activating fraction. - June 17, 1998
- Nitrobenzene Carcinogenicity (CAS No. 98-95-3) EPA/600/R-95/100
Nitrobenzene (NB, CAS No. 98-95-3) oxidizes to p-aminophenol and p-nitrophenol in animals and humans, while being reduced also to nitrosobenzene, phenylhydroxylamine, and aniline. The reductants are known to cause methemoglobinemia and anemia. NB is negative for mutagenicity systems in Salmonella, hepatocyte repair, or sister chromatid exchange assays.
June 15, 1998- Research Strategy for Oxygenates in Water EPA/600/P-97/001A
Oxygenates are chemicals added to fuels ("oxyfuels") to increase the oxygen content and thereby reduce certain emissions from use of the fuel. Of the several ethers and alcohols that may serve as oxygenates, methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is the most commonly used. Although the contamination of ground and surface waters by motor vehicle fuels and fuel additives is not a new problem, recent events have focused attention on what appear to be somewhat different characteristics associated with oxyfuels, including the higher solubility and potentially greater persistence of MTBE in ground water than other components of gasoline.
June 10, 1998- FINAL Carcinogenic Effects of Benzene: An Update EPA/600/P-97/001F
The major issue addressed in this document involves the nature and magnitude of the risk of cancer to humans exposed to low levels of benzene. Occupational studies continue to provide the bulk of evidence of benzene's carcinogenicity. Workers are exposed at much higher levels than is the general public. This document verifies that benzene is a known human carcinogen by all routes of exposure. - May 4, 1998
- Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment
These are the first Agency-wide Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment. The Guidelines expand on and replace the 1992 report Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment, maintaining the same structure for the ecological risk assessment process: problem formulation, analysis, and risk characterization. The Guidelines emphasize that the interface between risk assessors, risk managers, and interested parties is critical for ensuring that the results of the assessment can be used to support a management decision. - April 27, 1998
- The Inventory of Sources of Dioxin in the United States
March 31, 1998- Exposure Factors Handbook Volume I, II, III
The Exposure Factors Handbook provides a summary of the available statistical data on various factors used in assessing human exposure. This Handbook is addressed to exposure assessors inside the Agency as well as outside, who need to obtain data on standard factors needed to calculate human exposure to toxic chemicals. These factors include: drinking water consumption, soil ingestion, inhalation rates, dermal factors including skin area and soil adherence factors, consumption of fruits and vegetables, fish, meats, dairy products, homegrown foods, breast milk intake, human activity factors, consumer product use, and residential characteristics. - March 27, 1998
- Health Assessment Document for Diesel Emissions, SAB Review Draft
The US. EPA has prepared a draft assessment of the possible health hazards from human exposure to diesel engine exhaust emissions. This 1998 draft assessment is an update of a December 1994 draft assessment that was reviewed in 1995 by the Agency's Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC). The 1998 assessment focuses on health hazards (hazard identification and dose-response analysis for the purpose of recommending measures of risk/hazard), and also provides background information about diesel engine emissions that is useful for putting the health information into context. - March 26, 1998
- Assessment of Thyroid Follicular Cell Tumors
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) conducts risk assessments on chemicals for carcinogenicity under the guidance provided in its cancer risk assessment guidelines (U.S. EPA, 1986a; 1996). From time to time scientific developments prompt the Agency to reexamine procedures that are generally applied. That is the case with the review of some chemicals that have produced thyroid follicular cell tumors in experimental animals. The purpose of the Risk Assessment Forum report Assessment of Thyroid Follicular Cell Tumors (EPA/630/R-97-002) is to describe the procedures U.S. EPA will use to evaluate these tumors and the data that are needed to make these judgments.
March 13, 1998- Call for Papers: GIS in Public Health 3rd National Conference
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), with institutional cosponsors and partnerships with California State University at Fresno, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Bureau of the Census, US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the US Geological Survey (USGS), the American Public Health Association (APHA), the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO), the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO), and the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (NCGIA), is sponsoring a GIS in Public Health conference August 18-20, 1998, in San Diego, California. San Diego State University will host the conference. This conference will highlight innovative applications of GIS (geographic information systems) and spatial analysis techniques for the protection of public health and the environment.
March 6, 1998- Dioxins and Related Compounds
A substantial new homepage describing NCEA's Dioxin Reassessment efforts can now be found on the EPA Dioxin Web site or it can be easily accessed from the RISK homepage (under the title, Risk Assessments). Linked to the Dioxin Reassessment homepage is a second page which provides a detailed description of a research program being conducted jointly by NCEA and OPPTS titled, the Dioxin Exposure Initiative (www.epa.gov/ncea/dei.htm). Begun in 1994, the fundamental goal of the initiative is to quantitatively link dioxin sources to general population exposures. This is accomplished through a variety of projects which involve, for example, source measurements, environmental media and national food surveys, and fate and transport modeling. - March 5, 1998
- Post Doctoral Positions available in ORD/National Center for Environmental Assessment
As part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) effort through its Office of Research and Development (ORD) to recruit 50 post-doctoral candidates to fill positions in EPA laboratories and centers, the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) is seeking post-doctoral candidates from a wide range of disciplines for its divisions in Washington, DC, Research Triangle Park, NC, and Cincinnati, OH. - February 11, 1998
- Health Risk Assessment of 1,3-Butadiene
- January 28, 1998
- Cancer Guidelines Implementation: Setting Priorities for Future Assessments of Chemicals/Agents (Draft) (attachment to the Federal Register of 1-28-98).
- December 15, 1997
- Minutes of the Stakeholder Meetings on the Report of the JSA Shrimp Virus Work Group
November 21, 1997- Research Strategy for Oxygenates in Water (Workshop Review Draft)
October 17, 1997- Congressional Links - FY 1998 EPA Appropriations Bill For easy access to Congressional Internet pages with information about the FY98 EPA Appropriations Bill including the Conference Report, House and Senate Committee Reports and Bill text versions.
September 12, 1997- Chemical and Radiation Leukemogenesis in Humans and Rodents and the Value of Rodent Models for Assessing Risks of Lymphohematopoietic Cancers (EPA/600/R-97/090, May 1997)
August 26, 1997- Air Quality Criteria for Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants - Vols I, II and III
August 26, 1997- Wildlife Exposure Handbook Volume II of II
August 14, 1997- Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter- Vols I, II and III
August 11, 1997- Dermal workshop
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July 30, 1997 - Congressional Links - FY 1998 EPA Appropriations Bill For easy access to Congressional Internet pages with information about the FY98 EPA Appropriations Bill including Committee Reports and Bill text versions.
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June 30, 1997 - DRAFT Carcinogenic Effects of Benzene: An Update (FRL-5850-7) and Carcinogenic Effects Of Benzene: An Update (EPA/600/P-97/001A)
June 25, 1997- ORD Research Priorities
June 17, 1997- Watershed Ecological Risk Assessments
June 9, 1997- Dioxin '97 (August 25-29, 1997)The 17Th International Symposium On Chlorinated Dioxins And Related Compounds. NOTE: This web page is no longer available.
June 5, 1997- Priorities for Ecological Protection: An Initial List and Discussion Document for EPA (EPA/600/S-97/002, January 1997)
May 29, 1997- Wildlife Exposure Factors Handbook, Volume I of II
May 23, 1997- Policy for Use of Probabilistic Analysis in Risk Assessment and the Guiding Principles for Monte Carlo Analysis(EPA/630/R-97/001) The Science Policy Council has endorsed the Agency Policy for Use of Probabilistic Analysis in Risk Assessment and the Guiding Principles for Monte Carlo Analysis (EPA/630/R-97/001) are now available. These documents were prepared by a workgroup consisting of members of the Risk Assessment Forum and the Science Policy Council Steering Committee.