Grantee Research Project Results
2016 Progress Report: University of Washington Center for Clean Air Research (UW CCAR)
EPA Grant Number: R834796Center: University of Washington Center for Clean Air Research
Center Director: Vedal, Sverre
Title: University of Washington Center for Clean Air Research (UW CCAR)
Investigators: Vedal, Sverre , Kaufman, Joel D. , Larson, Timothy V. , Rosenfeld, Michael , Sheppard, Lianne (Elizabeth) A. , VanReken, Timothy M. , Campen, Matthew J. , McDonald, Jacob D. , Yost, Michael , Sampson, Paul , Szpiro, Adam , Simpson, Christopher , Jobson, Thomas
Current Investigators: Vedal, Sverre , Sheppard, Lianne (Elizabeth) A. , McDonald, Jacob D. , Kaufman, Joel D. , Campen, Matthew J. , VanReken, Timothy M. , Larson, Timothy V. , Szpiro, Adam , Simpson, Christopher , Rosenfeld, Michael , Yost, Michael , Sampson, Paul , Jobson, Thomas
Institution: University of Washington , Lovelace Biomedical & Environmental Research Institute , University of New Mexico , Washington University
EPA Project Officer: Callan, Richard
Project Period: December 1, 2010 through November 30, 2015 (Extended to November 30, 2017)
Project Period Covered by this Report: August 1, 2015 through July 31,2016
Project Amount: $8,000,000
RFA: Clean Air Research Centers (2009) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Human Health , Air
Objective:
Each of the four individual EPA Clean Air Research Centers aim to advance understanding of the human health effects of exposures to complex (multipollutant) air pollution mixtures. The UW Center, specifically, is examining how pollution from roadways affects cardiovascular health. The research integrates exposure, epidemiological, toxicological, clinical, and statistical sciences to study the cardiovascular hazards of recent and aged roadway emissions.
The Center consists of two core function groups providing biostatistical analysis support and administrative activities. There are four separate institutions, contributing to five distinct but integrated research projects, with a sixth project being carried out in the Biostatistics Core. The projects and core groups are listed below and will be expanded on in individual summaries. Center investigators and their respective institutions will be listed with their associated research projects.
The UW Center for Clean Air Research (CCAR) is focused on the cardiovascular health effects of near-roadway pollution, a complex mixture of particle, vapor and gas phase components that vary by vehicle emission source, road surface, extent of physical aging and the type and degree of atmospheric processing and photochemical reactions. This exposure scenario is not only known to be of considerable health importance, but also serves as a prototypical case for developing research approaches to dealing with multi-pollutant exposure-effect relationships. Our aim is to integrate exposure, epidemiological, toxicological, clinical, and statistical sciences to study cardiovascular hazards of fresh and aged roadway emissions and significantly advance our understanding of the components and reaction products that cause these effects.
The Center consists of five highly integrated research projects and two facility cores that together are pursuing the following six aims:
- To characterize real-world near-roadway pollutant concentrations, particle size distributions and chemical composition.
- To simulate realistic contrasting near-roadway multi-pollutant exposure atmospheres for laboratory animal and human studies.
- To identify cardiovascular and immunologic effects and the pathogenic mechanisms of near-roadway exposures using animal models.
- To identify cardiovascular and immunologic effects of near-roadway exposures in human clinical studies.
- To identify effects of long-term exposure to traffic-derived particles and gases on sub-clinical measures of cardiovascular disease and DNA methylation in a multi-ethnic population.
- To develop a statistical and methodological framework for studying health effects of multi-pollutant mixtures.
Research Projects & Core Groups:
- Administrative Core
- Biostatistics Core
- Project 1: Exposure Mapping – Characterization of Gases and Particles for Exposure Assessment in Health Effects and Laboratory Studies
- Project 2: Simulated Roadway Exposure Atmospheres for Laboratory Animal & Human Studies
- Project 3: Cardiovascular Consequences of Immune Modification by Traffic-Related Emissions
- Project 4: Vascular Response to Traffic-Derived Inhalation in Humans
- Project 5: Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Derived Aerosols and Gases on Subclinical Measures of Cardiovascular Disease and DNA Methylation in a Multi-Ethnic Cohort
Progress Summary:
Project 1: Exposure Mapping – Characterization of Gases and Particles for Exposure Assessment in Health Effects and Laboratory Studies
Objective of Research
Roadway-source air pollutants encompass a diversity of chemicals, including both particulate and gas phase components that are transformed by chemical and physical reactions as they age in the environment. Consequently, human exposures to air pollutants can range from relatively un-aged to highly aged components that vary with respect to particle size and the chemical composition of particle and gas phase components. To obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the seasonal and spatial variability in the concentration and composition of air pollutant exposures within Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)-Air cities, we employ mobile and fixed site monitoring to assess both gas and particle components of these pollutants as they age from roadway sources to population areas.
The main project objectives are to:
- Characterize spatial and temporal gradients of selected air pollutants along roadways and within neighborhoods in MESA cities using a mobile platform.
- Measure spatial variation in concentrations of selected air pollutants at 2-week average stationary sites in coordination with the mobile measurements.
- Characterize aging of air pollutant components as they are transported from roadway sources to neighborhood receptor locations.
- Provide detailed characterization of laboratory exposure conditions available for toxicology testing, and identify likely conditions that mimic those found in urban settings.
Research Performed - Progress Summary/Accomplishments
The bulk of Project 1 was completed in the first 5 years of the Center. Work over the last year has focused primarily on data analysis and manuscript preparation. Recent publications include manuscripts on the impacts of air pollution at the U.S.-Mexico border (Galaviz, et al., 2015) and near airports (Riley, et al., 2016b). We also have recently published a paper investigating the correlations between mobile and passive badge monitoring data (Riley, et al., 2016a). Project 1 researchers also have supported Project 5 and Biostatistics Core researchers with data preparation and data analysis for the multipollutant exposure analysis piece of that project and Project 4 researchers with data collection for the commute exposures.
Project 2: Simulated Roadway Exposure Atmospheres for Laboratory Animal and Human Studies
Objective of Research
Traffic-related emissions are associated with the incidence and progression of acute and chronic cardiovascular sequelae in human population studies; however, the causal components, subsequent chemical transformation of these components, and their associated toxicity on the cardiovascular system have not yet been determined. Project 2 is in progress to develop atmospheres with the primary objective of simulating environments containing key components of roadway emissions and the products of environmental factors that transform them. Previous, current, and future exposures are designed to determine air contaminants (or components) that cause or potentiate the toxicity of roadway emissions or confound interpretations based on roadway proximity alone.
Expected Results: Results from these studies will identify key components, as well as the most potent combinations, of urban roadway and background copollutants that result in toxicological responses in the cardiovascular system of rodents.
Research Performed - Progress Summary/Accomplishments
In the past year we have focused on continuing to evaluate the endothelial cell and myography assays with Project 3, and to extend additional endpoints to confirm the cardiovascular response of putative pollutants. These results are described in Project 3. Project 2 continued to evaluate the role of gas-particle interactions and the particle size on the toxicity of inhaled mixtures. This was done by developing novel atmospheres that focus on better understanding the gaseous-particle and size components of motor vehicle exhaust (MVE).
A major emphasis of our work this year was the development of novel atmospheres that investigated the roles of gases and particle transport into the lung/toxicity as a function of particle size. We developed inhalation atmospheres with ultrafine or fine MVE particles with or without gases. The ultrafine particles (UFPs) were made with fresh motor vehicle (diesel plus gasoline engine) emissions.
Project 3: Cardiovascular Consequences of Immune Modification by Traffic-Related Emissions
Objective of Research
Traffic-related emissions are associated with the incidence and progression of acute and chronic cardiovascular sequelae in human population studies. Such phenomena of near-roadway health effects have yet to be characterized toxicologically. Because of overlapping issues related to noise, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, etc., there is a need to better understand the biological plausibility that fresh mixtures of vehicular emissions have a more potent than expected impact on human health. We hypothesize that the complex mixtures produced by traffic are inherently more toxic due to the combined presence of both particulates and volatile organic emissions. Furthermore, we hypothesize that emissions-induced oxidation of certain endogenous phospholipids, presumably from the pulmonary surfactant, can stimulate the activity of immune cells through such receptors and in turn promote the invasion of existing vascular lesions.
Approach: This project uses complex roadway mixtures as generated and characterized in the laboratory. In Aim 1, we will ascertain 1) the potentiating effects of physical and photochemical aging on fresh emissions and 2) interactions of vehicular emissions with pertinent copollutants (ozone, road dust), both in terms of driving systemic vascular oxidative stress. In Aim 2, we will examine effects of the emissions-induced oxidative modifications to endogenous phospholipids, in terms of activating immune-modulating receptors such as LOX-1, CD-36, TLR-2, and TLR-4. This Aim will utilize transgenic models to examine the roles of these receptors, as well as characterize the lipidomic alterations in various tissues. Lastly, in Aim 3, we will further explore the role of specific immune cell populations as participants in the innate and adaptive responses to emissions-induced phospholipid modifications. In this Aim, we will utilize mouse models of immunodeficiency, including SCID and B-Cell deficient models. Additionally, we will pursue bone-marrow transplants from mice lacking those receptors described in Aim 2 to mechanistically establish the involvement of the oxidatively-modified phospholipids.
Research Performed - Progress Summary/Accomplishments
Research this past year has focused on toxicological studies using the exposure atmospheres described in the Project 2 summary. We investigated the impact of particle size on gas-particle interactions in terms of pulmonary and systemic toxicity. As demonstrated in Figure 1, the overall impact of the exposures on inflammation and injury in the lung was minimal for both strains of mice. However, we observed that surface area-dependent gas-particle interaction impacted PM uptake by macrophages (Figures 2 and 3). Similarly, BALF cytokines TNFα and CXCL1 were significantly elevated after UFP+G exposure for both C57BL/6 and ApoE-/- mice (Figure 4). These findings suggest that smaller particles, with a greater surface area, exhibit potentiated pulmonary responses when combined with gaseous copollutants from combustion sources.
Figure 1. Pulmonary inflmmation and injury by exposure condition. The top
row shows results for C57BL/6 mice, and the bottom row shows the results
for ApolE-/- mice. The left, middle and right plots are total cell count, LDH
activity, and total protein, respectively.
Beyond the lung, we also examined neuroinflammatory markers in the hippocampus of exposed mice using qPCR techniques. Especially in ApoE-/- mice, the pattern of increase in IL-6 and TGFb mRNA mirrored the pulmonary findings, again suggesting the most potent effect arose from the UFP+G group.
Recent studies at the UW (Rosenfeld Lab) have focused on the quantitation of anti-oxidized phospholipid antibodies in blood samples from diesel exhaust exposed humans and from diesel and mixed vehicular emission exposed rodents generated from Projects 2, 3, and 4. We had previously shown about a 2-fold increase in these antibodies in plasma from apo E-/- mice exposed to diesel exhaust for 2 weeks as compared to plasma from non-exposed mice.
We currently are ramping up production (hybridomas) and isolation of the antibody used in the sandwich assay for the plasma content of E06 (anti-phospholipid antibody) and will be measuring the content of E06 in the plasma samples obtained from Projects 2, 3, and 4.
Figure 2. Representative partulate matter uptake by macrophages for FA (left), UFP (center), and UFP+G
(right) exposures.
Figure 3. Quantification of macrophage particulate matter uptake in C57BL/6 (left) and ApoE-/- (right)
mice. A score of 0 reflects n o observable particles present. The middle image in figure 2 reflects a score
of 1. The right image in figure 3 reflects a score of 5. Scoring was conducted by a technician binded to
the exposure groupings.
Figure 4. Bronchoalveolar lavage TNFα concentrations (left plots) and CXCL1
concentrations (right plots) for C57BL/6 (left hand side of plots) and ApoE-/- mice
(right hand side of plots).
Project 4: Effect of Commute Traffic on Vascular Function
Objective of Research
Project 4 examines the acute vascular effects of commuter traffic exhaust exposures in human subjects, in a multi-pollutant context. This double-blind, randomized, controlled crossover trial will test whether traffic-derived mixed pollution atmospheres of diesel exhaust and gasoline engine exhaust, experienced through travel on roadways in a passenger car, causes an increased vascular response (brachial artery vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure, reduced retinal arteriolar diameter) compared with filtered air (FA) in healthy subjects. Nested aims include: whether specific exhaust-related monocytic gene expression effects are mediated by lipid peroxidation; whether traffic-related pollutants’ vasoconstrictive effects are increased in subjects with a common SNP variant in the gene coding for TRPV1; and whether monocyte DNA methylation in specific genes is modified with exposure to typical, roadway-derived exposures.
Research Performed - Progress Summary/Accomplishments
In this project, we use a “typical commute” study design and pertinent experience in human exposure studies to advance the Center’s research agenda with a double-blind, controlled exposure crossover clinical trial in 16 subjects, randomized to order. Using an innovative approach in which contrasts of in-vehicle exposure and potential participant susceptibility by genotype are nested in the experiment, we can address several hypotheses in this study. Building on our prior work, we will use a typical commute model to confirm or determine whether traffic (e.g., mixed on-road environment with diesel and gasoline engine exhaust components) derived aerosols exert demonstrable and important acute vascular effects in human subjects, and whether traffic-derived aerosols acutely induce increased lipid peroxidation, response to oxidized phospholipids, and result in measurable impacts on gene expression and DNA methylation, in pathways that are related not only to the triggering of acute cardiovascular events, but also to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Of course, all of the outcomes we measure are completely transient and reversible, and exposures are designed to be those of a typical urban commute path.
Eligible subjects complete three monitoring sessions consisting of three 2-hour commutes that travel I-5, extending from North Seattle to roadways in South Seattle (e.g., Duwamish Valley). During each drive, subjects are accompanied by research staff responsible for collecting subject health measurements and monitoring conditions of the drive. Each drive is separated by at least 3 weeks. Two of the monitoring sessions experience an unfiltered pollution exposure, and one is filtered to remove pollutants; the order of the sessions is randomized and the scenario is conducted in a double-blinded manner. During drives, the cabin air and HEPA filters are configured to reflect the randomized exposure conditions (i.e., on-road ambient or filtered air exposure). The cabin ventilation controls are adjusted such that air is entrained and directed to the floor vents, and the temperature inside the vehicle is comfortable for the occupants. Van windows remain closed during the drive and subjects wear N95 masks while transitioning from the lab to the UW van regardless of drive condition.
Enrollment
To date, all 16 subjects have been enrolled with successful genotype-stratification of recruitment; 14 have completed all three drives, and 2 will complete the study by the end of July 2016.
Health Measurements
Subjects complete health measurements at baseline, during the drive, immediately after the drive, 3 hours later, 5 hours later, and 24 hours later. These health measurements include: questionnaires, blood markers, Holter ECG, ambulatory blood pressure, 24-hour urine, brachial artery reactivity, retinal photography, and Finometer measurements. The frequency of health measurements are shown in Table 1. All subjects provide a urine sample for a cotinine test and, if female, a pregnancy test.
AM/PM | AM | PM | |||||||||||
Time (hour) | 10:00pm-7:00 am | 7:00 | 8:00 | 9:00 | 10:00 | 11:00 | 12:00 | 1:00 | 2:00 | 3:00 | 4:00 | 9:00 am (24hr) | |
Overnight fast | X | X | |||||||||||
Urine collection | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
Vitals BP, PR, RR | X | XX | XXX | X | X | X | X | ||||||
ABP | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
Holter Monitor 11 min record | XX | X | X | XX | X | XX | X | X | X | XX | X | XX | |
Blood Draw | X | X | X | ||||||||||
BAR Roosevelt | X | X | |||||||||||
Symptom Questions | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
Commute Drive | |||||||||||||
Finometer | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
Retinal Photography | X | X | |||||||||||
Lunch | X |
Air Monitoring
This study involves in-vehicle monitoring for 48 drives involving 16 participants in Seattle. Each day of monitoring includes the following suite of monitors in order to collect real-time measurements of the pollutants: PM2.5 (Nephelometer, Radiance Research), black carbon (microAethelometer, Aeth Labs), particle count (P-Trak, TSI Inc), PAHs (PAS 2000CE, EcoChem), NO2 (CAPS, Aerodyne Research Inc.), NOX (UV absorbance Model 410, 2B Technologies), ozone (chemiluminescence 3.02P, Optec), CO (CO T15n, Langan), CO2 (CO2 K-30-FS Sensor, CO2Meter.com), temp/RH (Precon HS-2000, Kele Precision Mfg), and location (GPS BU-353, US GlobalSat). Filters and air monitors inside the car are powered by gel cell batteries connected to power inverters.
Drive Route
A consistent route is used for each subject exposure drive.
Project 5: Effects of long-term exposure to traffic-derived aerosols and gases on subclinical measures of cardiovascular disease and DNA methylation in a multi-ethnic cohort
Objectives of Research
Project 5 has three primary objectives, which are unchanged from those described previously:
1. Employ the small-scale gradient data acquired as part of the mobile monitoring campaign in Project 1, in conjunction with central fixed site data, regulatory monitoring data, and geographic covariates, to build a multi-pollutant exposure model for traffic-derived air pollutants. This model will incorporate complex spatial information on primary and secondary traffic-derived particles and gases.
2. Develop and validate individual-level exposure estimates for traffic-derived air pollutants, integrating: i) the outdoor residential concentration estimates from the multi-pollutant model; ii) estimates of residential infiltration rates; iii) road class- and traffic condition-specific estimates of on-roadway concentrations; and iv) individual-level questionnaire-derived time-location information. These individual-level exposure estimates also will utilize personal monitoring data designed to clarify the in-transit component of total exposure.
3. Estimate the effect of individual-level exposure to traffic-derived air pollution on subclinical cardiovascular disease using these exposure models. Health outcomes will include left ventricular myocardial mass as ascertained by MRI, arteriolar diameters as measured by retinal photography, coronary artery calcium as ascertained by CT, intima-medial thickness as measured by ultrasound, and DNA methylation.
Research Performed - Progress Summary/Accomplishments
Aim 1: Developing spatial exposure model. For Aim 1 of Project 5, we are working closely with Project 1 and Biostatistics Core personnel to develop approaches to their high-dimensional data, which can be applied to epidemiological analyses. Methods for this approach are described in the Biostatistics Core Section. Results for the cluster analysis were provided in last year’s report; here we present the cluster assignments for MESA-Air participants in Baltimore. Health analyses currently are underway.
Aim 2: Understanding in-vehicle contribution to individual level multi-pollutant exposures. In prior reports, we discussed in detail the field work portion of this project, in which data were collected to address much of the second aim of this project. Through a combination of personal, residential, and in-vehicle sampling, paired with intensive location tracking, we are seeking to understand the influence of time spent in transit on personal exposure, which will improve our individual-level exposure estimates and contribute to our epidemiological analysis.
Four exposure campaigns were conducted in two seasons each in Winston-Salem, NC and Los Angeles, CA. Each campaign involved assessment of time-location patterns using multiple methods and individual-level air monitoring in several microenvironments: residential outdoors, residential indoors, in-vehicle, and personal monitoring. A novel in-vehicle passive monitoring device was built specifically for this study to capture exposures while driving. A summary of participant characteristics and measured air pollutant concentrations by sampling location were presented in the last report. We have assessed the relative importance of the in-vehicle microenvironment for individual exposure to NO2. This work currently is being written up in a manuscript titled “Contribution of the in-vehicle microenvironment to individual ambient source nitrogen dioxide exposure: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution” that has been drafted and circulated to co-authors. A third paper also is in progress, and will examine the measured concentrations and comparisons of those concentrations between microenvironments for the entire suite of pollutants measured in this study.
In addition to the air monitoring described above, each of the field campaigns also included intensive methods for time-location measurement. Time-location data during these 2-week periods were collected using Global Positioning System (GPS) units and Time-Location Diaries (TLDs) simultaneously. GPS units were customized to allow continuous location tracking for periods up to and exceeding 2 weeks.
Aim 3: Epidemiological analyses. Several analyses relating to Aim 3 of Project 5 are in progress. These include analyses using the following outcomes: arteriolar diameters as measured by retinal photography, coronary artery calcium (CAC) as ascertained by CT, intima-medial thickness as measured by ultrasound, and DNA methylation. As described in the Biostatistics section above, cluster membership will be used as an effect modifier of the association between NOx exposure and measurements of CAC to determine whether or not the association varies by multi-pollutant profile (as identified by cluster).
Much of the work for Aim 3 thus far has focused on DNA methylation, some of which was presented in last year’s annual report. We did not find evidence that long-term ambient PM2.5 and NOX exposure were associated with global DNA hypo-methylation in monocytes at ALU or LINE-1 loci. We did not find any CpG sites significantly associated with NOX.
Future Activities:
Project 1 - Activities in the next year will focus on manuscript preparation. Work on publications and dissemination of results is underway and will continue in the remaining no-cost extension period.
Project 2 - Complete analyses and publications of recent studies.
Project 4 - Complete the commute exposure study this summer and move forward with all health analyses starting this fall.
Project 5 - Prepare two additional manuscripts related to Aim 2: 1) an analysis of the relative contributions of each microenvironment to overall exposure to ambient-source nitrogen dioxide and 2) a manuscript discussing the results of all of traffic-related air pollutant sampling. The multipollutant work is in process and will continue with plans for manuscript(s). We also will continue our methylation analyses incorporating additional approaches including more conventional (“epigenome-wide”) and more innovative methods of interrogating high-dimensional methylation data (e.g., “bumphunting”) and approaches that incorporate multi-pollutant framework. We anticipate three manuscripts to be submitted related to the DNA methylation work in the upcoming year.
References:
Galaviz VE, Quintana PJE, Yost MG, Sheppard L, Paulsen MH, Camp JE, Simpson CD. Urinary metabolites of 1-nitropyrene in US-Mexico border residents who frequently cross the San Ysidro Port of Entry. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. 2015, advance online publication.
Riley EA, Schaal L, Sasakura M, Crampton R, Gould TR, Hartin K, Sheppard L, Larson T, Simpson CD, Yost MG. Correlations between short-term mobile monitoring and long-term passive sampler measurements of traffic related air pollution. Atmospheric Environment. 2016a, 132: 229-239.
Riley EA, Gould T, Hartin K, Fruin SA, Simpson CD, Yost MG, Larson T. Ultrafine particle size as a tracer for aircraft turbine emissions. Atmospheric Environment. 2016b, 139:20-29
Journal Articles: 94 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
Other center views: | All 196 publications | 93 publications in selected types | All 92 journal articles |
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Adar SD, D'Souza J, Mendelsohn-Victor K, Jacobs DR, Cushman M, Sheppard L, Thorne PS, Burke GL, Daviglus ML, Szpiro AA, Diez Roux AV, Kaufman JD, Larson TV. Markers of inflammation and coagulation after long-term exposure to coarse particulate matter: a cross-sectional analysis from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Environmental Health Perspectives 2015;123(6):541-548. |
R834796 (2014) R831697 (Final) R833741 (Final) |
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Aragon MJ, Chrobak I, Brower J, Roldan L, Fredenburgh LE, McDonald JD, Campen MJ. Inflammatory and vasoactive effects of serum following inhalation of varied complex mixtures. Cardiovascular Toxicology 2016;16(2):163-171. |
R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C003 (2015) R834796C003 (Final) |
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Bergen S, Sheppard L, Sampson PD, Kim SY, Richards M, Vedal S, Kaufman JD, Szpiro AA. A national prediction model for PM2.5 component exposures and measurement error-corrected health effect inference. Environmental Health Perspectives 2013;121(9):1017-1025. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2013) R831697 (2013) R831697 (Final) R833864 (2011) |
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Bergen S, Szpiro AA. Mitigating the impact of measurement error when using penalized regression to model exposure in two-stage air pollution epidemiology studies. Environmental and Ecological Statistics 2015;22(3):601-631. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Bergen S, Sheppard L, Kaufman JD, Szpiro AA. Multipollutant measurement error in air pollution epidemiology studies arising from predicting exposures with penalized regression splines. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C-Applied Statistics 2016;65(5):731-753. |
R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Brower JB, Doyle-Eisele M, Moeller B, Stirdivant S, McDonald JD, Campen MJ. Metabolomic changes in murine serum following inhalation exposure to gasoline and diesel engine emissions. Inhalation Toxicology 2016;28(5):241-250. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834796C003 (2016) R834796C003 (Final) |
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Campen MJ, Lund A, Rosenfeld M. Mechanisms linking traffic-related air pollution and atherosclerosis. Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine 2012;18(2):155-160. |
R834796 (2012) R834796 (2013) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C003 (2012) R834796C003 (2013) R834796C003 (Final) R833990 (2010) R833990 (2011) |
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Campen M, Robertson S, Lund A, Lucero J, McDonald J. Engine exhaust particulate and gas phase contributions to vascular toxicity. Inhalation Toxicology 2014;26(6):353-360. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C003 (Final) |
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Chan SH, Van Hee VC, Bergen S, Szpiro AA, DeRoo LA, London SJ, Marshall JD, Kaufman JD, Sandler DP. Long-term air pollution exposure and blood pressure in the Sister Study. Environmental Health Perspectives 2015;123(10):951-958. |
R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2015) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Chi GC, Liu Y, MacDonald JW, Barr RG, Donohue KM, Hensley MD, Hou L, McCall CE, Reynolds LM, Siscovick DS, Kaufman JD. Long-term outdoor air pollution and DNA methylation in circulating monocytes: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Environmental Health 2016;15(1):119 (12 pp.). |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Chi GC, Hajat A, Bird CE, Cullen MR, Griffin BA, Miller KA, Shih RA, Stefanick ML, Vedal S, Whitsel EA, Kaufman JD. Individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status and the association between air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Environmental Health Perspectives 2016;124(12):1840-1847. |
R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Chi GC, Hajat A, Bird CE, Cullen MR, Griffin BA, Miller KA, Shih RA, Stefanick ML, Vedal S, Whitsel EA, Kaufman JD. Individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status and the association between air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Environmental Health Perspectives 2016; doi:10.1289/EHP199 (Epub ahead of print]. |
R834796C005 (2015) R834796C005 (2016) |
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Cosselman KE, Krishnan RM, Oron AP, Jansen K, Peretz A, Sullivan JH, Larson TV, Kaufman JD. Blood pressure response to controlled diesel exhaust exposure in human subjects. Hypertension 2012;59(5):943-948. |
R834796C004 (Final) R827355 (Final) R830954 (Final) |
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Cosselman KE, Navas-Acien A, Kaufman JD. Environmental factors in cardiovascular disease. Nature Reviews Cardiology 2015;12(11):627-642. |
R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C004 (2015) R834796C004 (2016) R834796C004 (Final) |
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Erickson MH, Gueneron M, Jobson BT. Measuring long chain alkanes in diesel engine exhaust by thermal desorption PTR-MS. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 2014;7(1):225-239. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2013) |
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Erickson MH, Gueneron M, Jobson BT. Measuring long chain alkanes in diesel engine exhaust by thermal desorption PTR-MS. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 2014;7(1):225-239. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796C001 (2015) R834796C001 (Final) |
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Erickson MH, Gueneron M, Jobson BT. Measuring long chain alkanes in diesel engine exhaust by thermal desorption PTR-MS. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 2014;7(1):225-239. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2013) |
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Fann N, Kim S-Y, Olives C, Sheppard L. Estimated changes in life expectancy and adult mortality resulting from declining PM2.5 exposures in the contiguous United States:1980-2010. Environmental Health Perspectives 2017;125(9):097003 (8 pp.). |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Fox JR, Cox DP, Drury BE, Gould TR, Kavanagh TJ, Paulsen MH, Sheppard L, Simpson CD, Stewart JA, Larson TV, Kaufman JD. Chemical characterization and in vitro toxicity of diesel exhaust particulate matter generated under varying conditions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2015;8(5):507-519. |
R834796 (2014) |
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Galaviz VE, Yost MG, Simpson CD, Camp JE, Paulsen MH, Elder JP, Hoffman L, Flores D, Quintana PJE. Traffic pollutant exposures experienced by pedestrians waiting to enter the U.S. at a major U.S.-Mexico border crossing. Atmospheric Environment 2014;88:362-369. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2015) R834796C001 (Final) |
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Galaviz VE, Quintana PJE, Yost MG, Sheppard L, Paulsen MH, Camp JE, Simpson CD. Urinary metabolites of 1-nitropyrene in US-Mexico border residents who frequently cross the San Ysidro Port of Entry. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 2017;27(1):84-89. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2016) R834796C001 (Final) |
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Gueneron M, Erickson MH, VanderSchelden GS, Jobson BT. PTR-MS fragmentation patterns of gasoline hydrocarbons. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2015;379:97-109. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2015) R834796C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Hazelhurst M, Dearborn L, Sherris A, Loftus C, Adgent M, Szpiro A, Ni Y, Day D, Kaufman J, Thakur N, Wright R, Sathyanarayana S, Carroll K, Moore P, Karr C. Long-term ozone exposure and lung function in middle childhood. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024;421(117632) |
R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) R833741 (Final) |
Exit |
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Hazlehurst MF, Spalt EW, Curl CL, Davey ME, Vedal S, Burke GL, Kaufman JD. Integrating data from multiple time-location measurement methods for use in exposure assessment: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air). Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 2017;27(6):569-574. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Hazlehurst MF, Spalt EW, Nicholas TP, Curl CL, Davey ME, Burke GL, Watson KE, Vedal S, Kaufman JD. Contribution of the in-vehicle microenvironment to individual ambient-source nitrogen dioxide exposure: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 2018;28(4):371-380. |
R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
Exit |
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Herring CL, Faiola CL, Massoli P, Sueper D, Erickson MH, McDonald JD, Simpson CD, Yost MG, Jobson BT, VanReken TM. New methodology for quantifying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometry. Aerosol Science and Technology 2015;49(11):1131-1148. |
R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2015) R834796C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Hooper LG, Young MT, Keller JP, Szpiro A, O’Brien K M, Sandler DP, Vedal S, Kaufman J, London S. Ambient air pollution exposure and chronic bronchitis in a cohort of U.S. women. Environmental Health Perspectives 2018;126(2):027005 (9 pp.). |
R834796 (Final) |
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Hudda N, Gould T, Hartin K, Larson TV, Fruin SA. Emissions from an international airport increase particle number concentrations 4-fold at 10 km downwind. Environmental Science & Technology 2014;48(12):6628-6635. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2015) R834796C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Jandarov RA, Sheppard LA, Sampson PD, Szpiro AA. A novel principal component analysis for spatially misaligned air pollution data. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C, Applied Statistics 2017,66(1):3-28. |
R834796 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Keller JP, Olives C, Kim S-Y, Sheppard L, Sampson PD, Szpiro AA, Oron AP, Lindstrom J, Vedal S, Kaufman JD. A unified spatiotemporal modeling approach for predicting concentrations of multiple air pollutants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution. Environmental Health Perspectives 2015;123(4):301-309. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Keller JP, Drton M, Larson T, Kaufman JD, Sandler DP, Szpiro AA. Covariate-adaptive clustering of exposures for air pollution epidemiology cohorts. Annals of Applied Statistics 2017;11(1):93-113. |
R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
Exit |
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Keller JP, Chang HH, Strickland MJ, Szpiro AA. Measurement error correction for predicted spatiotemporal air pollution exposures. Epidemiology 2017;28(3):338-345. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834799 (2016) R834799 (Final) R834799C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Keller JP, Chang HH, Strickland MJ, Szpiro AA. Measurement error correction for predicted spatiotemporal air pollution exposures. Epidemiology 2017;28(3):338-345. |
R834796 (Final) R834799 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Keller JP, Chang HH, Strickland MJ, Szpiro AA. Measurement error correction for predicted spatiotemporal air pollution exposures. Epidemiology 2017;28(3):338-345. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834799 (2016) R834799 (Final) R834799C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Keller JP, Larson TV, Austin E, Barr RG, Sheppard L, Vedal S, Kaufman JD, Szpiro AA. Pollutant composition modification of the effect of air pollution on progression of coronary artery calcium:the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Environmental Epidemiology 2018;2:e024. |
R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (Final) R838300 (2018) R838300 (2020) |
Exit Exit |
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Kelp M, Gould T, Austin E, Marshall JD, Yost M, Simpson C, Larson T. Sensitivity analysis of area-wide, mobile source emission factors to high-emitter vehicles in Los Angeles. Atmospheric Environment 2020;223:117212 |
R834796 (Final) R835873 (2019) R835873 (Final) |
Exit |
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Kim SY, Dutton SJ, Sheppard L, Hannigan MP, Miller SL, Milford JB, Peel JL, Vedal S. Erratum to: The short-term association of selected components of fine particulate matter and mortality in the Denver Aerosol Sources and Health (DASH) study. Environmental Health 2016;15(1):85. |
R834796 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Kim S-Y, Dutton SJ, Sheppard L, Hannigan MP, Miller SL, Milford JB, Peel JL, Vedal S. The short-term association of selected components of fine particulate matter and mortality in the Denver Aerosol Sources and Health (DASH) study. Environmental Health 2015;14:49 (11 pp.). |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Kim S-Y, Sheppard L, Bergen S, Szpiro AA, Sampson PD, Kaufman JD, Vedal S. Prediction of fine particulate matter chemical components with a spatio-temporal model for the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 2016;26(5):520-528. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Kim S-Y, Olives C, Sheppard L, Sampson PD, Larson TV, Kaufman JD. Historical prediction modeling approach for estimating long-term concentrations of PM2.5 in cohort studies before 1999 implementation of widespread monitoring. Environmental Health Perspectives 2017;125(1):38-46. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Kim S-Y, Sheppard L, Kaufman JD, Bergen S, Szpiro AA, Larson TV, Adar SD, Diez Roux AV, Polak JF, Vedal S. Individual-level concentrations of fine particulate matter chemical components and subclinical atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional analysis based on 2 advanced exposure prediction models in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. American Journal of Epidemiology 2014;180(7):718-728. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Kim S-Y, Sheppard L, Larson TV, Kaufman JD, Vedal S. Combining PM2.5 component data from multiple sources: data consistency and characteristics relevant to epidemiological analyses of predicted long-term exposures. Environmental Health Perspectives 2015;123(7):651-658. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Kioumourtzoglou MA, Spiegelman D, Szpiro AA, Sheppard L, Kaufman JD, Yanosky JD, Williams R, Laden F, Hong B, Suh H. Exposure measurement error in PM2.5 health effects studies: a pooled analysis of eight personal exposure validation studies. Environmental Health 2014;13(1):2. |
R834796 (2014) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Larson T, Gould T, Riley EA, Austin E, Fintzi J, Sheppard L, Yost M, Simpson C. Ambient air quality measurements from a continuously moving mobile platform: estimation of area-wide, fuel-based, mobile source emission factors using absolute principal component scores. Atmospheric Environment 2017;152:201-211. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2016) R834796C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Lee A, Szpiro A, Kim SY, Sheppard L. Impact of preferential sampling on exposure prediction and health effect inference in the context of air pollution epidemiology. Environmetrics 2015;26(4):255-267. |
R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Lindstrom J, Szpiro AA, Sampson PD, Oron AP, Richards M, Larson TV, Sheppard L. A flexible spatio-temporal model for air pollution with spatial and spatio-temporal covariates. Environmental and Ecological Statistics 2014;21(3):411-433. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R831697 (2013) R831697 (Final) |
Exit |
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Lucero J, Suwannasual U, Herbert L, McDonald J, Lund A. The role of the lectin-like oxLDL receptor (LOX-1) in traffic-generated air pollution exposure-mediated alteration of the brain microvasculature in Apolipoprotein (Apo) E knockout mice. INHALATION TOXICOLOGY 2017;29(6):266-281. |
R834796 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Lund AK, Doyle-Eisele M, Lin Y-H, Arashiro M, Surratt JD, Holmes T, Schilling KA, Seinfeld JH, Rohr AC, Knipping EM, McDonald, JD. The effects of α-pinene versus toluene-derived secondary organic aerosol exposure on the expression of markers associated with vascular disease. Inhalation Toxicology 2013;25(6):309-324. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C002 (2015) R834796C002 (Final) R834796C003 (2013) R833990 (2011) |
Exit Exit |
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Mauderly JL, Kracko D, Brower J, Doyle-Eisele M, McDonald JD, Lund AK, Seilkop SK. The National Environmental Respiratory Center (NERC) experiment in multi-pollutant air quality health research: IV. Vascular effects of repeated inhalation exposure to a mixture of five inorganic gases. Inhalation Toxicology 2014;26(11):691-696. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C002 (2015) R834796C002 (2016) R834796C002 (Final) |
Exit |
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McDonald JD, Chow JC, Peccia J, Liu Y, Chand R, Hidy GM, Mauderly JL. Influence of collection region and site type on the composition of paved road dust. Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health 2013;6(3):615-628. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C002 (2013) R834796C002 (2016) R834796C002 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Miller KA, Spalt EW, Gassett AJ, Curl CL, Larson TV, Avol E, Allen RW, Vedal S, Szpiro AA, Kaufman JD. Estimating ambient-origin PM2.5 exposure for epidemiology: observations, prediction, and validation using personal sampling in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 2019;29(2):227-237. |
R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) R838300 (2018) R838300 (2020) |
Exit |
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Olives C, Sheppard L, Lindstrom J, Sampson PD, Kaufman JD, Szpiro AA. Reduced-rank spatio-temporal modeling of air pollution concentrations in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution. Annals of Applied Statistics 2014;8(4):2509-2537. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Oppenheim HA, Lucero J, Guyot A-C, Herbert LM, McDonald JD, Mabondzo A, Lund AK. Exposure to vehicle emissions results in altered blood brain barrier permeability and expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tight junction proteins in mice. Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2013;10:62. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C002 (2015) R834796C002 (2016) R834796C002 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Paffett ML, Zychowski KE, Sheppard L, Robertson S, Weaver JM, Lucas SN, Campen MJ. Ozone inhalation impairs coronary artery dilation via intracellular oxidative stress: evidence for serum-borne factors as drivers of systemic toxicity. Toxicological Sciences 2015;146(2):244-253. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Riley EA, Banks L, Fintzi J, Gould TR, Hartin K, Schaal L, Davey M, Sheppard L, Larson T, Yost MG, Simpson CD. Multi-pollutant mobile platform measurements of air pollutants adjacent to a major roadway. Atmospheric Environment 2014;98:492-499. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2015) R834796C001 (2016) R834796C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Riley EA, Gould T, Hartin K, Fruin SA, Simpson CD, Yost MG, Larson T. Ultrafine particle size as a tracer for aircraft turbine emissions. Atmospheric Environment 2016;139:20-29. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2016) R834796C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Riley EA, Schaal L, Sasakura M, Crampton R, Gould TR, Hartin K, Sheppard L, Larson T, Simpson CD, Yost MG. Correlations between short-term mobile monitoring and long-term passive sampler measurements of traffic-related air pollution. Atmospheric Environment 2016;132:229-239. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2016) R834796C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Robertson S, Colombo ES, Lucas SN, Hall PR, Febbraio M, Paffett ML, Campen MJ. CD36 mediates endothelial dysfunction downstream of circulating factors induced by O3 exposure. Toxicological Sciences 2013;134(2):304-311. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C003 (2013) R834796C003 (2016) R834796C003 (Final) R833990 (2011) R833990 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Sampson PD, Richards M, Szpiro AA, Bergen S, Sheppard L, Larson TV, Kaufman JD. A regionalized national universal kriging model using Partial Least Squares regression for estimating annual PM2.5 concentrations in epidemiology. Atmospheric Environment 2013;75:383-392. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R831697 (2013) R831697 (Final) R833864 (2012) R833864 (2013) R833864 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Schisler JC, Ronnebaum SM, Madden M, Channell M, Campen M, Willis MS. Endothelial inflammatory transcriptional responses to an altered plasma exposome following inhalation of diesel emissions. Inhalation Toxicology 2015;27(5):272-280. |
R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Schisler J, Campen MJ, Madden M, and Willis MS. Transcriptional Endothelial Biosensor Response to Diesel-Induced Plasma Compositional Changes. Inhalation Toxicology. 2015, 27(5):272–280. |
R834796C003 (2016) |
not available |
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Sheppard L, Burnett RT, Szpiro AA, Kim S-Y, Jerrett M, Pope III CA, Brunekreef B. Confounding and exposure measurement error in air pollution epidemiology. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2012;5(2):203-216. |
R834796 (2012) R834796 (2013) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R831697 (2013) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Spalt EW, Curl CL, Allen RW, Cohen M, Williams K, Hirsh JA, Adar SD, Kaufman JD. Factors influencing time-location patterns and their impact on estimates of exposure: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air). Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 2016;26(4):341-348. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2015) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Spalt EW, Curl CL, Allen RW, Cohen M, Adar SD, Stukovsky KH, Avol E, Castro-Diehl C, Nunn C, Mancera-Cuevas K, Kaufman JD. Time-location patterns of a diverse population of older adults:the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air). Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 2016;26(4):349-355. |
R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2015) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Sun M, Kaufman JD, Kim S-Y, Larson TV, Gould TR, Polak JF, Budoff MJ, Diez Roux AV, Vedal S. Particulate matter components and subclinical atherosclerosis:common approaches to estimating exposure in a Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cross-sectional study. Environmental Health 2013;12:39. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2013) R834796C005 (2015) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (2013) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Suwannasual U, Lucero J, McDonald JD, Lund AK. Exposure to traffic-generated air pollutants mediates alterations in brain microvascular integrity in wildtype mice on a high-fat diet. Environmental Research 2018;160:449-461. |
R834796 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Szpiro AA, Sheppard L, Lumley T. Efficient measurement error correction with spatially misaligned data. Biostatistics 2011;12(4):610-623. |
R834796 (2012) R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R831697 (2013) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Szpiro AA, Paciorek CJ, Sheppard L. Does more accurate exposure prediction necessarily improve health effect estimates? Epidemiology 2011;22(5):680-685. |
R834796 (2012) R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R831697 (2013) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Szpiro AA, Paciorek CJ. Measurement error in two-stage analyses, with application to air pollution epidemiology. Environmetrics 2013;24(8):501-517. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R831697 (2013) R831697 (Final) |
Exit |
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Szpiro AA, Sheppard L, Adar SD, Kaufman JD. Estimating acute air pollution health effects from cohort study data. Biometrics 2014;70(1):164-174. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2013) R834796C005 (2015) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (2013) R831697 (Final) |
Exit |
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Tessum MW, Larson T, Gould TR, Simpson CD, Yost MG, Vedal S. Mobile and fixed-site measurements to identify spatial distributions of traffic-related pollution sources in Los Angeles. Environmental Science & Technology 2018;52(5):2844-2853. |
R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Tyler CR, Zychowski KE, Sanchez BN, Rivero V, Lucas S, Herbert G, Liu J, Irshad H, McDonald JD, Bleske BE, Campen MJ. Surface area-dependence of gas-particle interactions influences pulmonary and neuroinflammatory outcomes. Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2016;13(1):64 (18 pp.). |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R834796C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Vedal S, Kaufman JD. What does multi-pollutant air pollution research mean? American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2011;183(1):4-6. |
R834796 (2012) R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2013) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Wang M, Keller JP, Adar SD, Kim S-Y, Larson TV, Olives C, Sampson PD, Sheppard L, Szpiro AA, Vedal S, Kaufman JD. Development of long-term spatiotemporal models for ambient ozone in six metropolitan regions of the United States: the MESA Air Study. Atmospheric Environment 2015;123(A):79-87. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) R833741 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Wang M, Brunekreef B, Gehring U, Szpiro A, Hoek G, Beelen R. A new technique for evaluating land-use regression models and their impact on health effect estimates. Epidemiology 2016;27(1):51-56. |
R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) |
Exit |
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Wang M, Sampson PD, Hu J, Kleeman M, Keller JP, Olives C, Szpiro AA, Vedal S, Kaufman JD. Combining land-use regression and chemical transport modeling in a spatiotemporal geostatistical model for ozone and PM2.5. Environmental Science & Technology 2016;50(10):5111-5118. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) R831697 (Final) R833741 (Final) R833864 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Weuve J, Kaufman JD, Szpiro AA, Curl C, Puett RC, Beck T, Evans DA, Mendes de Leon CF. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution in relation to progression in physical disability among older adults. Environmental Health Perspectives 2016;124(7):1000-1008. |
R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
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Xu W, Riley EA, Austin E, Sasakura M, Schaal L, Gould TR, Hartin K, Simpson CD, Sampson PD, Yost MG, Larson TV, Xiu G, Vedal S. Use of mobile and passive badge air monitoring data for NOx and ozone air pollution spatial exposure prediction models. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 2017;27(2):184-192. |
R834796 (Final) R834796C001 (2015) R834796C001 (2016) R834796C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Yin F, Lawal A, Ricks J, Fox JR, Larson T, Navab M, Fogelman AM, Rosenfeld ME, Araujo JA. Diesel exhaust induces systemic lipid peroxidation and development of dysfunctional pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory high-density lipoprotein. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 2013;33(6):1153-1161. |
R834796 (2013) R834796 (2014) R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C003 (2013) R834796C003 (2016) R834796C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Young MT, Sandler DP, DeRoo LA, Vedal S, Kaufman JD, London SJ. Ambient air pollution exposure and incident adult asthma in a nationwide cohort of U.S. women. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2014;190(8):914-921. |
R834796 (2015) R834796 (Final) R834796C005 (2015) R834796C005 (2016) R834796C005 (Final) R831697 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Young M, Jansen K, Cosselman K, Gould T, Stewart J, Larson T, Sack C, Vedal S, Szpiro A, Kaufman J. Blood Pressure Effect of Traffic-Related Air Pollution A Crossover Trial of In-Vehicle Filtration. ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2023;. |
R834796 (Final) |
Exit |
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Zychowski KE, Lucas SN, Sanchez B, Herbert G, Campen MJ. Hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension augments lung injury and airway reactivity caused by ozone exposure. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2016;305:40-45. |
R834796 (2016) R834796 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Wang M, Sampson PD, Sheppard LE, Stein JH, Vedal S, Kaufman JD. Long-term exposure to ambient ozone and progression of subclinical arterial disease:the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and air pollution. Environmental Health Perspectives 2019;127(5):057001. |
R834796 (Final) R838300 (2019) R838300 (2020) |
Exit |
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Herring CL, Faiola CL, Massoli P, Sueper D, Erickson MH, McDonald JD, Simpson CD, Yost MG, Jobson BT, VanReken TM:New Methodology for Quantifying Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Using High-Resolution Aerosol Mass Spectrometry. Aerosol Science and Technology. 2015, 49(11):1131-1148. |
R834796C001 (2016) |
not available |
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Peroxidation and Development of Dysfunctional Pro-Oxidant and Pro-Inflammatory High-Density Lipoprotein. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2013, 33(6):1153-61. |
R834796C003 (2016) |
not available |
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Galaviz V, Yost M, Simpson C, Camp J, Paulsen M, Elder J, Hoffman L, Flores D, Quintana P:Traffic pollutant exposures experienced by pedestrians waiting to enter the US at a major USMexico border crossing. Atmospheric Environment. 2014, 88:362-369. |
R834796C001 (2016) |
not available |
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Erickson M, Gueneron M, Jobson B:Measuring long chain alkanes in diesel engine exhaust by thermal desorption PTR-MS. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 2014, 7(1):225-239. |
R834796C001 (2016) |
not available |
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Aragon MJ, Chrobak I, Brower J, Roldan L, Fredenburgh LE, McDonald JD, Campen MJ:Inflammatory and Vasoactive Effects of Serum Following Inhalation of Varied Complex Mixtures. Cardiovascular toxicology. 2016, 16(2):163-171. |
R834796C003 (2016) |
not available |
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Campen MJ, Lund A, Rosenfeld M:Mechanisms linking traffic-related air pollution and atherosclerosis. Current opinion in pulmonary medicine. 2012, 18(2):155. |
R834796C003 (2016) |
not available |
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Hudda N, Gould T, Hartin K, Larson TV, Fruin SA:Emissions from an international airport increase particle number concentrations 4-fold at 10 km downwind. Environmental science & technology. 2014, 48(12):6628-6635. |
R834796C001 (2016) |
not available |
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Campen M, Robertson S, Lund A, Lucero J, McDonald J:Engine exhaust particulate and gas phase contributions to vascular toxicity. Inhalation toxicology. 2014, 26(6):353-360. |
R834796C003 (2016) |
not available |
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Gueneron M, Erickson MH, VanderSchelden GS, Jobson BT:PTR-MS fragmentation patterns of gasoline hydrocarbons. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 2015, 379:97-109. |
R834796C001 (2016) |
not available |
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Paffett ML, Sheppard L, Robertson S, Weaver J, Lucas SN, Campen MJ. Ozone inhalation enhances coronary artery constriction and impairs dilation via superoxide-dependent mechanisms. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2015, In press. |
R834796C003 (2016) |
not available |
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Lund AK, Doyle-Eisele M, Lin Y-H, Arashiro M, Surratt JD, Holmes T, Schilling KA, Seinfeld JH, Rohr AC, Knipping EM, McDonald, JD. The Effects of α-Pinene-vs. Toluene-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosol Exposure on the Expression of Markers Associated with Vascular Disease. Inhalation Toxicology. 2013, 25(6):309-324. |
R834796C002 (2016) |
not available |
Supplemental Keywords:
Exposure science, community exposures, chemical transport, mobile monitoring, inhalation toxicology, diesel, gasoline engine, coronary artery disease, oxidized phospholipids, atherosclerosis, particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, ozone, cardiovascular disease, Health, Scientific Discipline, Health Risk Assessment, Risk Assessments, Biochemistry, Environmental Monitoring, Atmospheric Sciences, particulate matter, airway disease, bioavailability, air pollution, particle exposure, ambient particle health effects, vascular dysfunction, cardiotoxicity, Scientific Discipline, Health, Health Risk Assessment, Risk Assessments, Environmental Monitoring, Biochemistry, Atmospheric Sciences, particulate matter, airway disease, bioavailability, air pollution, particle exposure, ambient particle health effects, vascular dysfunction, cardiotoxicityRelevant Websites:
Center for Clean Air Research Exit
Progress and Final Reports:
Original Abstract Subprojects under this Center: (EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R834796C001 Exposure Mapping – Characterization of Gases and Particles for ExposureAssessment in Health Effects and Laboratory Studies
R834796C002 Simulated Roadway Exposure Atmospheres for Laboratory Animal and Human Studies
R834796C003 Cardiovascular Consequences of Immune Modification by Traffic-Related Emissions
R834796C004 Vascular Response to Traffic-Derived Inhalation in Humans
R834796C005 Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Derived Particles and Gases on Subclinical Measures of Cardiovascular Disease in a Multi-Ethnic Cohort
The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.
Project Research Results
- Final Report
- 2015 Progress Report
- 2014 Progress Report
- 2013 Progress Report
- 2012 Progress Report
- 2011 Progress Report
- Original Abstract
92 journal articles for this center