Grantee Research Project Results

2012 Progress Report: Cardiovascular Effects of Urban and Rural Coarse Particulate Matter in Obese and Lean Adults

EPA Grant Number: R833740
Title: Cardiovascular Effects of Urban and Rural Coarse Particulate Matter in Obese and Lean Adults
Investigators: Brook, Robert D. , Keeler, Gerald J. , Gold, Diane R. , Brook, Jeffrey R. , Dvonch, Joseph T. , Urch, Bruce , Silverman, Frances , Kaciroti, Niko
Institution: University of Michigan , Harvard University , University of Toronto
EPA Project Officer: Chung, Serena
Project Period: March 1, 2008 through February 28, 2011 (Extended to February 28, 2014)
Project Period Covered by this Report: March 1, 2012 through February 28,2013
Project Amount: $1,199,500
RFA: Sources, Composition, and Health Effects of Coarse Particulate Matter (2006) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Air , Air Quality and Air Toxics , Particulate Matter

Objective:

Coarse particulate matter (PM_10-2.5) is a heterogeneous mixture of crustal materials, trace metals/elements, and bio-aerosols. The components vary considerably due to location differences in primary sources. Despite fewer studies than for fine particulate matter (PM), epidemiological evidence suggests that coarse PM also may be associated with an increased risk for acute cardiovascular (CV) events. In order to support the biological plausibility that coarse PM exposure is causally linked to CV disease, it is essential to demonstrate that it can rapidly trigger adverse biological responses in humans capable of acutely promoting CV events. The overall hypothesis is that short-term exposure to both urban and rural coarse PM is capable of promoting pro-vasoconstrictive vascular dysfunctions and CV autonomic imbalance. This research aims to demonstrate that short-term concentrated ambient coarse PM (CAP) inhalation (1) triggers pro-vasoconstrictive vascular dysfunctions related to (mediated by) CV autonomic imbalance; and (2) that these responses occur to a greater degree in obese than in lean adults; and (3) we aim to elucidate the constituents/sources responsible for the CV responses and to perform detailed characterizations of differences in rural vs. urban coarse PM to improve the epidemiological understanding of coarse PM.

Progress Summary:

Through year 5, we have completed 32 subjects having CAP and FA exposures at the rural (Dexter) site. The results demonstrate significant systolic and diastolic BP elevations during CAP exposure compared to FA. Heart rate was significantly elevated during CAP exposures compared to FA. Heart rate variability metrics (SDNN, LF/HF ratio, HF power) significantly changed during CAP exposures compared to FA in a manner suggesting reduced cardiac parasympathetic tone. There were no significant changes in any other outcomes or vascular function parameters measured following exposures. Endothelial progenitor cell levels were significantly elevated 20 hours after CAP compared to FA exposures. We have started human exposures at the urban site (Dearborn), with 12 subjects completing exposures thus far.

Future Activities:

Ongoing analyses of collected filters are evaluating the rural coarse PM constituents responsible for the BP and heart rate responses. We are evaluating collected blood from exposures for novel outcomes including insulin sensitivity and HDL function parameters. Our plan is to continue ongoing human exposures at the urban (Dearborn) site through completion of 30-32 subjects (60-63 exposures of CAP and FA) by February 28, 2014. We will analyze the results and finish statistical analyses and exposure assessments in this time period. We plan to complete studies comparing the CV effects of this urban coarse exposure to the completed rural CAP studies and evaluate if differences in sources and components of coarse PM between sites lead to significant differences in CV responses.

Journal Articles on this Report : 2 Displayed | Download in RIS Format

Publications Views
Other project views:	All 7 publications	5 publications in selected types	All 5 journal articles

Publications
Type	Citation	Project	Document Sources
Journal Article	Brook RD, Bard RL, Kaplan MJ, Yalavarthi S, Morishita M, Dvonch JT, Wang L, Yang H-Y, Spino C, Mukherjee B, Oral EA, Sun Q, Brook JR, Harkema J, Rajagopalan S. The effect of acute exposure to coarse particulate matter air pollution in a rural location on circulating endothelial progenitor cells: results from a randomized controlled study. Inhalation Toxicology 2013;25(10):587-592.	R833740 (2012) R833740 (Final) R834797 (2013) R834797 (2014) R834797 (2015) R834797 (2016) R834797 (Final) R834797C001 (2013) R834797C001 (2014) R834797C001 (2015) R834797C001 (2016) R834797C001 (Final) R834797C002 (2013) R834797C002 (2014) R834797C002 (2015) R834797C002 (2016) R834797C002 (Final) R834797C003 (2013) R834797C003 (Final)	Full-text from PubMed Abstract from PubMed Associated PubMed link Abstract: Taylor&Francis-Abstract Exit
Journal Article	Brook RD, Bard RL, Morishita M, Dvonch JT, Wang L, Yang HY, Spino C, Mukherjee B, Kaplan MJ, Yalavarthi S, Oral EA, Ajluni N, Sun Q, Brook JR, Harkema J, Rajagopalan S. Hemodynamic, autonomic, and vascular effects of exposure to coarse particulate matter air pollution from a rural location. Environmental Health Perspectives 2014;122(6):624-630.	R833740 (2012) R833740 (Final) R834797 (2013) R834797 (2014) R834797 (2015) R834797 (2016) R834797 (Final) R834797C001 (2013) R834797C001 (2014) R834797C001 (2015) R834797C001 (2016) R834797C001 (Final) R834797C002 (2014) R834797C002 (2015) R834797C002 (2016) R834797C002 (Final)	Full-text from PubMed Abstract from PubMed Associated PubMed link Full-text: EHP-Full Text PDF Abstract: EHP-Abstract & Full Text HTML

Supplemental Keywords:

Health effects, sensitive populations, ethnic groups, exposure, epidemiology, RFA, Scientific Discipline, Air, particulate matter, Health Risk Assessment, Environmental Chemistry, Biology, atmospheric particulate matter, sensitive populations, atmospheric particles, cardiopulmonary responses, human health effects, bioavailability, cardiovascular vulnerability, sensitive subgroups, cardiotoxicity

Relevant Websites:

Great Lakes Clean Air Center for Integrated Environmental Research (GLACIER) Exit

Progress and Final Reports:

Original Abstract

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.