Grantee Research Project Results
Research Centers
Health Effects Institute (Prior to 2000)
Health Effects Institute
The Health Effects Institute (HEI) is an independent, nonprofit corporation chartered in 1980 to provide high-quality, impartial, and relevant science on the health effects of pollutants from motor vehicles and from other sources in the environment. Supported jointly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and industry (manufacturers and marketers of motor vehicles or engines), HEI has funded over 170 studies and published over 100 Research Reports, and several Special Reports, producing important research findings on the health effects of a variety of pollutants, including carbon monoxide, methanol and aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, diesel exhaust, ozone, and most recently, particulate air pollution. HEI has also been called upon periodically to produce special reports reviewing an entire area of scientific literature on topics such as the health effects of asbestos, diesel exhaust, and oxygenates in fuel.
To accomplish its mission, HEI:
- Identifies the highest priority areas for health effects research;
- Funds and oversees the conduct of high-quality research in these priority areas;
- Provides intensive, independent review of HEI-supported and related research;
- Integrates HEI’s research results with those of other institutions into coherent, broader evaluations of health effects;
- and Communicates the results of HEI research and analyses to public and private decision makers.
The HEI research program has addressed questions about the health effects associated with exposure to both regulated pollutants such as carbon monoxide, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide, and unregulated pollutants such as diesel exhaust, aldehydes, and methanol. HEI has also funded studies to understand the mechanisms of diseases, to develop better methods to assess health effects and determine dose response relationships. The program has included theoretical, in vitro, animal, controlled human exposure, and epidemiological studies.The center has conducted research in several areas, including:
- Mobile Source Air toxics - which includes research on benzene and 1,3-butadiene, mechanisms of carcinogenicity and biomarkers of dose and effect, and the health effects of aldehydes;
- Oxygenated Fuels - the comparative metabolism and health effects of ethers used to increase gasoline oxygen content (MTBE);
- and Particulates - health effects of particulate air pollution and potential relationship to increased daily mortality.
HEI’s Board of Directors, chaired by Richard Celeste, consists of public figures in science and policy who are committed to the public-private partnership that is central to the HEI approach. The Institute’s scientific work is overseen by two independent scientific committees. The Health Research Committee works with the Institute’s scientific staff to develop and manage HEI’s research program. The Health Review Committee which has no role in selecting or overseeing studies, works with the Institute’s scientific staff to evaluate and interpret the results of HEI studies and related research. HEI’s priorities for research and special reviews are guided by the five-year HEI Strategic Plan, which is reviewed and updated annually after consultations with HEI sponsors and other interested parties.
Relevant Websites:
http://www.healtheffects.org/ 
Health Effects Institute (2000 — 2005)
Health Effects Institute (2005 — 2010)
Center Publications:
| Views: | All publications | Selected publication types | Journal articles | Publications submitted after final report |
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View Projects in Tabular Format
Main Center Abstract and Reports:
Health Effects Institute (2010-2015)
Health Effects Institute (2005-2010)
- Original Abstract
- 2010 Progress Report
- 2011 Progress Report
- 2012 Progress Report
- 2013 Progress Report
- Final Report
Health Effects Institute (2015-2020): A Partnership for Credible and Relevant Science on the Health Effects of Air Pollution
Center Research Projects:
R828112C042 - Does Inhalation of Methanol Vapor Affect Human Neurobehavior?
R828112C043 - Human Responses to Nitrogen Dioxide
R828112C044 - The Role of Inflammation in Ozone-Induced Lung Injury
R828112C045 - How Does Exercise Affect the Dose of Inhaled Air Pollutants?
R828112C046 - How Do Chemicals in Diesel Engine Exhaust Damage DNA?
R828112C047 - Effect of Nitrogen Dioxide on Bacterial Respiratory infectionin Mice
R828112C048 - Effects of Ozone Exposure on Airway Epithelium
R828112C049 - Inhalation of Aldehydes and Effects on Breathing
R828112C050 - Does Ozone Cause Precancerous Changes in Cells?
R828112C051 - Effects of Formaldehyde on Human Airway Epithelial Cells Exposed in a Novel Culture System
R828112C052 - Carbon Monoxide and Cardiac Arrhythmias
R828112C053 - Effects of Formaldehyde and Particle-Bound Formaldehyde on Lung Macrophage Functions
R828112C054 - Mechanisms for Protecting Lung Epithelial Cells Against Oxidant Injury
R828112C055 - Relationship of Nitropyrene-Derived DNA Adducts to Carcinogenesis
R828112C056 - Particle Trap Effects on Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Emissions
R828112C057 - Carbon Monoxide and Atherosclerosis
R828112C058 - Nitrogen Dioxide and Respiratory Illness in Children
R828112C059 - Noninvasive Methods for Measuring Ventilation in Mobile Subjects
R828112C060 - Oxidant Air Pollutants and Lung Cancer: An Animal Model
R828112C061 - Detection of Carcinogen-DNA Adducts: Development of New Methods
R828112C062 - Effects of Carbon Monoxide on Heart Muscle Cells
R828112C063 - Development of Personal Ozone Samplers: Three Approaches
R828112C064 - Development of Biomarkers to Monitor Carcinogen Exposure
R828112C065 - Effects of Prolonged Ozone Inhalation on Collagen Structure and Content in Rat Lungs
R828112C065II - Prolonged Ozone Exposure and the Contractile Properties of Isolated Rat Airways
R828112C065III - Changes in Complex Carbohydrate Content and Structure in Rat Lungs Caused by Prolonged Ozone Inhalation
R828112C065IV - Genetic Control of Connective Tissue Protein Synthesis After Prolonged Ozone Inhalation
R828112C065V - Pulmonary Function Alterations in Rats After Chronic Ozone Inhalation
R828112C065VII - Prolonged Ozone Exposure Leads to Functional and Structural Changes in the Rat Nose
R828112C065VIII - IX - Studies of Changes in Lung Structure and Enzyme Activitiesin Rats After Prolonged Exposure to Ozone
R828112C065X - An Innovative Approach to Analyzing Multiple Experimental Outcomes: A Case Study of Rats Exposed to Ozone
R828112C065XI - The Consequences of Prolonged Inhalation of Ozone on Rats: An Integrative Summary of the Results of Eight Collaborative Studies
R828112C066 - Interactive Effects of Nitropyrenes in Diesel Exhaust
R828112C067 - Detection of Formaldehyde–DNA Adducts: Development of New Methods
R828112C068I - Comparison of the Carcinogenicity of Diesel Exhaust and Carbon Black in Rat Lungs
R828112C068II - An Investigation of DNA Damage in the Lungs of Rats Exposed to Diesel Exhaust
R828112C068III - No Evidence For Genetic Mutations Found In Lung Tumors From Rats Exposed To Diesel Exhaust or Carbon Black
R828112C069 - Noninvasive Determination of Respiratory Ozone Absorption: The Bolus-Response Method
R828112C070 - The Effects of Inhaled Oxidants and Acid Aerosols on Pulmonary Function
R828112C071 - Biochemical Consequences of Ozone Reacting with Membrane Fatty Acids
R828112C072 - DNA Mutations in Rats Treated with a Carcinogen Present in Diesel Exhaust
R828112C073 - Developmental Neurotoxicity of Inhaled Methanol in Rats
R828112C074 - Methanol Distribution in Non Pregnant and Pregnant Rodents
R828112C075 - Is Increased Mortality Associated with Ozone Exposure in Mexico City?
R828112C076 - Effects of Fuel Modification and Emission Control Devices on Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Emissions
R828112C077 - Metabolic Studies in Monkeys Exposed to Methanol Vapors
R828112C078 - Effects of Ozone on Pulmonary Function and Airway Inflammation in Normal and Potentially Sensitive Human Subjects
R828112C079 - Improvement of a Respiratory Ozone Analyzer
R828112C080 - Mechanism of Oxidative Stress from Low Levels of Carbon Monoxide
R828112C081 - Long-Term Exposure to Ozone: Development of Methods to Estimate Past Exposures and Health Outcomes
R828112C082 - Effects of Ambient Ozone on Healthy, Wheezy, and Asthmatic Children
R828112C083 - Daily Changes in Oxygen Saturation and Pulse Rate Associated with Particulate Air Pollution and Barometric Pressure
R828112C084 - Evaluation of The Potential Health Effects of the Atmospheric Reaction Products of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
R828112C085 - Mechanisms of Response to Ozone Exposure: The Role of Mast Cells in Mice
R828112C086 - Statistical Methods for Epidemiologic Studies of the Health Effects of Air Pollution
R828112C087 - Development of New Methods to Measure Benzene Biomarkers
R828112C088 - Alveolar Changes in Rat Lungs After Long-Term Exposure to Nitric Oxide
R828112C089 - Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Inhaled Methanol on Nonhuman Primates and Their Infant Offspring
R828112C090 - A Pilot Study of Potential Biomarkers of Ozone Exposure
R828112C091 - Effects of Concentrated Ambient Particles on the Cardiac and Pulmonary Systems of Dogs
R828112C092 - Cancer, Mutations, and Adducts in Rats and Mice Exposed to Butadiene and Its Metabolites
R828112C093 - Effects of Concentrated Ambient Particles in Rats and Hamsters: An Exploratory Study
R828112C094I - The National Morbidity, Mortality, and Air Pollution Study: Methods and Methodologic Issues
R828112C094II - The National Morbidity, Mortality, and Air Pollution Study: Morbidity and Mortality from Air Pollution in the United States
R828112C095 - Association of Particulate Matter Components with Daily Mortality and Morbidity in Urban Populations
R828112C096 - Acute Pulmonary Effects of Ultrafine Particles in Rats and Mice
R828112C097 - Identifying Subgroups of the General Population That May Be Susceptible to Short-Term Increases in Particulate Air Pollution
R828112C098 - Daily Mortality and Fine and Ultrafine Particles in Erfurt, Germany
R828112C099 - A Case-Crossover Analysis of Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Out-of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Arrest
R828112C100 - Effects of Mexico City Air on Rat Nose
R828112C101 - Penetration of Lung Lining and Clearance of Particles Containing Benzo[a]pyrene
R828112C102 - Metabolism of Ether Oxygenates Added to Gasoline
R828112C103 - Characterization and Mechanisms of Chromosomal Alterations Induced by Benzene in Mice and Humans
R828112C104 - Acute Cardiovascular Effects in Rats from Exposure to Urban Ambient Particles
R828112C105 - Genetic Differences in Induction of Acute Lung Injury and Inflammation in Mice
R828112C106 - Effects on Mice of Exposure to Ozone and Ambient Particle Pollution
R828112C107 - Emissions from Diesel and Gasoline Engines Measured in Highway Tunnels
R828112C108 - Case-Cohort Study of Styrene Exposure and Ischemic Heart Disease Investigators
R828112C110 - Effects of Metals Bound to Particulate Matter on Human Lung Epithelial Cells
R828112C111 - Effect of Concentrated Ambient Particulate Matter on Blood Coagulation Parameters in Rats
R828112C112 - Health Effects of Acute Exposure to Air Pollution
R828112C113 - Benzene Metabolism in Rodents at Doses Relevant to Human Exposure from Urban Air
R828112C114 - A Personal Particle Speciation Sampler
R828112C115 - Validation and Evaluation of Biomarkers in Workers Exposed to Benzene in China
R828112C116 - Biomarkers in Czech Workers Exposed to 1,3-Butadiene: A Transitional Epidemiologic Study
R828112C117 - Peroxides and Macrophages in the Toxicity of Fine Particulate Matter in Rats
R828112C118 - Controlled Exposures of Healthy and Asthmatic Volunteers to Concentrated Ambient Particles in Metropolitan Los Angeles
R828112C119 - Manganese Toxicokinetics at the Blood-Brain Barrier
R828112C120 - Effects of Exposure to Concentrated Ambient Particles from Detroit Air on Healthy Rats and Rats with Features of Asthma or Mild Bronchitis
R828112C121 - Field Evaluation of Nanofilm Detectors for Measuring Acidic Particles in Indoor and Outdoor Air
R828112C123 - Time-Series Analysis of Air Pollution and Mortality: A Statistical Review
R828112C126 - Effects of Exposure to Ultrafine Carbon Particles in Healthy Subjects and Subjects with Asthma
R828112C128 - Neurogenic Responses of Rat Lung to Diesel Exhaust
R828112C130-I - Relationships of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA). Part I. Collection Methods and Descriptive Analyses
R828112C132 - An Updated Study of Mortality Among North American Synthetic Rubber Industry Workers
R832347C135 - Mechanisms of Particulate Matter Toxicity in Neonatal and Young Adult Rat Lungs
R832347C136 - Uptake and Inflammatory Effects of Nanoparticles in a Human Vascular Endothelial Cell Line
R832347C138 - Health Effects of Real-World Exposure to Diesel Exhaust in Persons with Asthma
R832347C140 - Extended Follow-Up and Spatial Analysis of the American Cancer Society Study Linking Particulate Air Pollution and Mortality
R832347C141 - Air Pollution Effects on Ventricular Repolarization
R832347C143 - Measurement and Modeling of Exposure to Selected Air Toxics for Health Effects Studies and Verification by Biomarkers
R832347C144 - Genotoxicity of 1,3-Butadiene and Its Epoxy Intermediates
R832347C145 - Effects of Concentrated Ambient Particles and Diesel Emissions on Rat Airways
R832347C147 - Atmospheric Transformation of Diesel Emissions
R834677C149 - Development and Application of a Sensitive Method to Determine Concentrations of Acrolein and Other Carbonyls in Ambient Air
R834677C150 - Mutagenicity of Stereochemical Configurations of 1,3-Butadiene Epoxy Metabolites in Human Cells
R834677C151 - Biologic Effects of Inhaled Diesel Exhaust in Young and Old Mice: A Pilot Project
R834677C152 - Evaluating Heterogeneity in Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution Using Land-Use Regression and Constrained Factor Analysis
R834677C153 - Improved Source Apportionment and Speciation of Low-Volume Particulate Matter Samples
R834677C155 - The Impact of the Congestion Charging Scheme on Air Quality in London
R834677C156 - Concentrations of Air Toxics in Motor Vehicle-Dominated Environments
R834677C158 - Air Toxics Exposure from Vehicle Emissions at a U.S. Border Crossing: Buffalo Peace Bridge Study
R834677C159 - Role of Neprilysin in Airway Inflammation Induced by Diesel Exhaust Emissions
R834677C160 - Personal and Ambient Exposures to Air Toxics in Camden, New Jersey
R834677C162 - Assessing the Impact of a Wood Stove Replacement Program on Air Quality and Children’s Health
R834677C163 - The London Low Emission Zone Baseline Study
R834677C165 - Effects of Controlled Exposure to Diesel Exhaust in Allergic Asthmatic Individuals
R834677C168 - Evaluating the Effects of Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments on Air Quality
R834677C172 - Potential Air Toxics Hot Spots in Truck Terminals and Cabs
R834677C173 - Detection and Characterization of Nanoparticles from Motor Vehicles
R834677C174 - Cardiorespiratory Biomarker Responses in Healthy Young Adults to Drastic Air Quality Changes Surrounding the 2008 Beijing Olympics
The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.