Grantee Research Project Results
Final Report: Project 1: Regional Air Pollution Mixtures: The Past and Future Impacts of Emission Controls and Climate Change on Air Quality and Health
EPA Grant Number: R835872C001Subproject: this is subproject number 001 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R835872
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: Regional Air Pollution Mixtures
Center Director: Koutrakis, Petros
Title: Project 1: Regional Air Pollution Mixtures: The Past and Future Impacts of Emission Controls and Climate Change on Air Quality and Health
Investigators: Koutrakis, Petros , Coull, Brent , Mickley, Loretta J. , Jacob, Daniel J. , Schwartz, Joel
Institution: Harvard University
EPA Project Officer: Keating, Terry
Project Period: December 1, 2015 through November 30, 2020
RFA: Air, Climate And Energy (ACE) Centers: Science Supporting Solutions (2014) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Air , Climate Change , Particulate Matter , Air Quality and Air Toxics
Objective:
The overall objective of Project 1 is to apply new approaches to characterize and analyze both historical and projected regional air pollution mixtures and emissions across the continental U.S. Project 1 characterizes temporal and spatial patterns of pollutant mixtures within and across regions. In addition, this project investigates factors influencing regional pollutant mixtures and predicts the impact of climate change on future air quality.
Objective 1 is to compile comprehensive air pollution, weather, emissions, and GIS datasets for the entire continental US for the period 2000-2015. We will estimate gas and particle concentrations at a high spatial resolution by assimilating data from monitoring networks (compiled in collaboration with the Air Pollution Core), satellite platforms, air pollution models, and spatiotemporal statistical models. Objective 2 is to develop a satellite based national PM2.5 emission inventory database of high spatial resolution (1 km) for 2000-2015. This objective was discontinued during Year 3, as reported in previous annual reports. Objective 3 is to characterize spatial and temporal trends of pollutant mixtures. We will perform cluster analysis to group areas that exhibit distinct pollutant profiles or mixtures, referred to as “Air Pollution Regions,” then analyze their spatial patterns and temporal trends to investigate the impact of regulations, climate change, and modifiable factors on regional mixtures. Objective 4 is to forecast the impact of regional climate change on air quality for 2016-2040 using an ensemble of climate models. We will project the potential impact of climate change on regional pollutant mixtures and predict future regional air quality assuming no changes in anthropogenic emissions. The goals for Objectives 3 and 4 included the following: (1) long-term, fine-scale simulation of US air quality using GEOS-Chem and (2) use of statistical methods to improve understanding of present-day US air quality and to forecast future air quality up to 2050. The long-term simulation, originally planned for 2000-2015, but then extended to 2019, was intended for input to a machine learning algorithm that generated daily concentrations of key pollutants at 1-km spatial resolution. The statistical methods focused on the climate impact on US air quality, especially the trends of smoke PM2.5 in the western US. We went beyond these goals to address issues of future smoke and dust air quality, to examine optimal placement of air quality sensors, and to investigate a novel component of pollution.
We added a fifth research objective to this Project, as explained in the Year 3 ACE Center Annual Report. Objective 5 is to investigate particle radioactivity exposures and their health effects. We will compile a large database on PM radioactivity exposures, including gross beta, gamma, and radon exposures by zip code, along with other parameters influencing exposures to PM radioactivity. Using this exposure database, we will investigate the health effects of PM radioactivity with existing outcome data from previous studies and ongoing cohorts.
Conclusions:
National Spatiotemporal Models. One of the major outputs of Project 1 has been the development, validation and publication of national models for PM2.5 (Di et al., 2019), O3 (Requia et al., 2020), NO2 (Di et al., 2020), and PM2.5 components and trace elements (Amini et al., a, b). These models cover the entire contiguous U.S. with daily predictions on 1-km-level grid cells from 2000 to 2016, while the models for PM2.5 components and PM2.5 trace elements provide annual concentration data for the contiguous U.S. at resolutions of 50m in urban areas and 1km in non-urban areas from 2000-2019. These models have been used by other Center Projects by exposure, air pollution, statistical modelers and in many epidemiological studies. In addition, these models have been used in Inter-Center collaborative studies with Yale and EPA, as well as by outside groups. These models are publicly available through NASA’s Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center. Links are provided in Section 2.5.
Environmental Radioactivity. Center investigations into the differential toxicity of ambient PM mixtures led to the development of an important new avenue of inquiry, the effect of environmental radioactivity on human health. Our hypothesis is that ambient PM radioactivity contributes to PM toxicity. A large fraction of the total exposure to naturally occurring ionizing radiation is through inhalation of ambient particles carrying attached radionuclides. The primary source of this PM radioactivity in the U.S. is Radon (Rn) gas through its decay products. Rn emanates from the soil and enters the atmosphere, including indoor air, where it decays. The resulting radionuclides attach to inhalable PM, which after lung deposition continue to release ionizing radiation (α-, β- and γ-radiation), causing pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress. To date, most previous health effects studies focused on the cancer effects of Rn progeny; therefore, there are significant knowledge gaps regarding the non-cancer effects of radioactive particles. Our recent research has demonstrated that these non-cancer effects are, in fact, very important. Specifically, we have generated new information showing that exposures to Rn as well as PM gross α-, β- and γ-activities are associated with numerous adverse health outcomes, including blood pressure, oxidative stress, cardiac, lung and liver function, gestational diabetes and hypertension, and total and cardiopulmonary mortality. These observations provide strong scientific evidence for our hypothesis that inhaled Rn progeny and other radionuclides, measured as PR, can have direct health effects through stimulation of inflammatory and oxidative processes. Therefore, assessing exposures and effects of PR may be of paramount importance to understanding of particle toxicity. These results are presented in more than 30 peer-reviewed publications over the last six years. The important findings from this Center-derived research have serious implications for population exposures to radon and radon decay progeny.
We have measured particle gross alpha and beta activities from already collected filters samples from our Harvard Supersite and indoor studies. We have examined spatiotemporal patterns of ambient particle radioactivity levels and indoor outdoor relationships. Blomberg et al. (2020a) and Liu et al. (2020) showed that PM gross alpha and beta activity measured on retrospective samples collected at our Supersite were strongly correlated with beta activities measured at RadNet sites in the Boston area. These studies also found that several meteorological variables including temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, precipitation, wind speed, and PBL height were significant predictors of PM alpha activity, while PM beta was influenced by temperature, humidity and wind speed. Both PM alpha and beta activities were influenced by 72-hour back trajectory. Yu et al. (2021) investigated the PM2.5 sources that influence ambient particle radioactivity, finding that regional sources have greatest impact, followed by local sources.
We also investigated the origins and sources of ambient PM radioactivity. Kang et al. (2020) reported indoor measurements of PR, including alpha activity from both short- and long-lived alpha-emitting radionuclides (SLA and LLA, respectively). We found that SLA and LLA, like Rn, are higher in basements than upstairs. Findings from the study suggest that PR in homes originates from both the decay of Rn (and its short-lived progeny) indoors and the infiltration of outdoor PR. SLA was associated with indoor Radon decay, and to a lesser extent with outdoor PR, whereas LLA was predominantly related to outdoor PR. Additionally, indoor SLA concentrations were approximately 4 orders of magnitude higher than those of LLA, on average. In Li et al. 2020, we found that UOGD (unconventional oil and gas development, “fracking”) is a significant contributor to (long-lived) PM radioactivity downwind of UOGD wells.
We have developed spatiotemporal models to predict monthly PM radioactivity, using ensembled data learning machines that incorporate RadNet concentrations, meteorological and geological parameters and air pollution data to assess PM beta activity exposures nationally (Li et al., 2022). These predictions have been used by other Center projects to assess the effects of PM radioactivity exposures on mortality and perinatal, cardiovascular and respiratory health.
We have assembled a large database of Radon exposure data, in New England and other states, which we are continuing to build. We have published papers investigating the factors that influence indoor concentrations of radon in the midwestern U.S., showing that topography, geology, and soil composition were most influential (Carrion-Matta et al. 2021). In addition, because most radon measurements are made in basements rather than in living areas, we investigated the spatiotemporal gradients in ratios between the radon concentrations in the upstairs and basements in the northeastern and midwestern U.S. (Li et al. 2022). We have published a Radon prediction model (Li et al., 2021) which used the New England data set to identify predictors of radon indoor exposures and develop a radon exposure prediction model. Our New England Radon dataset and model results are being used to investigate the effects of radon in several cohorts by ACE Center researchers and students.
Project 1 has been supporting the validation of a continuous Particle Alpha Radioactivity Sampler (PARS) that measures radioactivity from short-lived alpha-emitting (SLA) radon decay progeny. PARS provides time-resolved measurement of SLA at environmentally relevant levels indoors and outdoors. A manuscript in preparation.
In November and December 2020, Center researchers from Project 1 presented a successful series of four, two-hour online seminars hosted by EPA. The seminar series was entitled, “Assessing Exposures and Effects of Particle Radioactivity, Radon, and Solar Activity.” The specific seminars were:
- November 5, 2020: Exposure Assessment for PM Radioactivity
- November 19, 2020: Particle Radioactivity Effects
- December 3, 2020: Solar Activity (Exposure & Effects)
- December 17, 2020: Radon Effects
Each of the seminar sessions featured a number of studies presented by both junior and senior researchers and were attended by 100-150 people.
Project 1 also supported the validation and field testing of a continuous Particle Alpha Radioactivity Sampler (PARS) that measures radioactivity from short-lived alpha-emitting (SLA) radon decay progeny. PARS provides time-resolved measurement of SLA at environmentally relevant levels indoors and outdoors. A manuscript is in preparation.
Long-term simulation of US air quality and trends due to climate change. We conducted a long-term GEOS-Chem simulation for 2004-2019 to provide continuous information on ozone and PM concentrations for the purpose of epidemiological analyses. The simulation had 0.5o x 0625o resolution over North America and was driven by assimilated meteorological data from NASA. The GEO-Chem output archive included 3-hour concentrations of surface ozone, NO2, PM2.5 and its components, and aerosol optical depth. Results were provided to other Center researchers for epidemiological analyses and for training a machine learning model of US air quality. (Di et al., 2019a,b; Requia et al., 2020)
We developed a suite of statistical models to investigate the meteorological drivers of interannual to multidecadal variability of air quality, including ozone and PM2.5, in the United States. We examined processes involving climate patterns at different spatial scales, including that of local weather (~100 km), synoptic circulation (~1,000 km) and large-scale climate patterns (~10,000 km). Using our statistical models, we predicted summertime (June-July-August, JJA) ozone in the eastern United States one season in advance and quantified the multidecadal variability of air quality in the eastern United States. Finally, we predicted changes of air quality across the United States by 2050s. For future projections, we applied our statistical models to meteorological fields archived by the IPCC Coupled Model Intercomparision Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). Our model reveals a strong influence of 2000-2050 climate change on PM2.5 air quality in the eastern United States, with potential increases of JJA PM2.5 of +3 mgm-3. Our work resolves long-standing uncertainties with regard to how anthropogenic pollution will respond to climate change. (Shen et al., 2017a,b; Shen and Mickley, 2017a,b)
Requia et al. (2020) found that weather changes over the last 30 years were associated with increased ambient concentration of most PM2.5 components in the U.S. The direction and magnitude of this impact, defined as the weather penalty, varied considerably over the region and season. Taken together, the weather penalty on some of the more toxic particulate pollutants highlights potential future challenges of regulating land use and air pollution sources. The evidence of historical weather penalty should be of interest to policy makers to devise future strategies related to environmental health and climate change, given that the weather trends observed in our study period are projected by climate prediction models to continue in the future.
Fiffer et al. (2020) examined the hypothesis that long-term reductions in PM2.5 mass and sulfur have influenced UFP trends by limiting the ability of UFPs to coagulate onto the accumulation mode via polydisperse coagulation with larger particles. We found that PM2.5 mass and sulfur reductions had a small but significant impact, i.e., penalty, on UFP trends. Improved understanding of the impact of PM2.5 mass and sulfur concentrations on UFP trends can inform future air quality control efforts.
Requia et al. (2019d) investigated spatial differences in air pollution mixtures across the U.S. The study described an innovative approach to classify regions in the U.S. based on the clusters of air pollutant mixtures. There was a strong influence of the relationship between regional and local pollution in clustering air pollution mixture. Sites that were close spatially were assigned to different clusters. When categorized based on land use, sites do not necessarily have the same land use class within a cluster. These results may be related to whether the cluster profile was influenced by regional pollution versus local pollution. The concentration measured at specific air pollution monitoring stations have differing amounts of measurement error, depending on the spatial heterogeneity of a given pollutant across the study region. This approach can benefit researchers, policy makers, and local communities to create future strategies related to air pollution and environmental health. It supports more targeted and regional air quality management practices by minimizing within-region variability and maximizing between-regional variability of regional mixture profiles. This is based on the concept that regions with similar pollutant mixtures are impacted by similar air pollution sources and atmospheric processes. We expect that further investigations can use our findings to analyze the relationship between areas that exhibit distinct pollutant mixtures and the impact of regulations, climate change, and health effects in the U.S.
Another paper (Requia 2019f) contributed to the understanding on the impacts of weather on PM2.5 composition. Ambient PM2.5 components are strongly linked to weather variables such as temperature, relative humidity, and wind conditions. Weather changes over the last 30 years were associated with increased ambient concentration of most PM2.5 components in the U.S. This impact was defined in our study as weather penalty. The direction and the magnitude of the weather penalty varied considerably over the region and season. During the warm season, we found an overall national positive weather penalty on EC, OC, nitrate, sulfate, ammonium, and silicon and a negative weather penalty for sodium during the study period. In the cold season, the estimated overall national penalty compared to the warm season penalty was the same for EC, OC, and sodium (negative); increased for nitrate and silicon; significantly decreased for sulfate; and negative for ammonium. Taken together, the weather penalty on some of the more toxic particulate pollutants highlight potential future challenges of regulating land use and air pollution sources. The evidence of historical weather penalty should be of interest to policy makers to devise future strategies related to environmental health and climate change, given that the weather trends observed in our study period are projected by climate prediction models to continue in the future.
Interpretation of trends in nitrogen oxides, a key component of US air pollution. The National Emissions Inventory (NEI) reports a steady decrease in US NOx emissions over the 2005–2017 period at a rate of 0.1 Tg N a-1, or 53 % decrease over the entire period. The trend reflects sustained efforts to improve air quality. Tropospheric NO2 columns observed by satellite over the US show a steady decrease until 2009, in agreement with NEI, but then a flattening after that, contradicting the NEI. We showed that the 2005-2017 decrease in NOx emissions reported by the NEI is in fact largely consistent with observed network trends of surface NO2 and ozone concentrations. We attribute the discrepancy between the NEI and satellite observations after 2009 to previously unidentified trends in NOx in the free troposphere. (Silvern et al., 2019)
Smoke PM2.5: present-day and future trends and implications for health. A robust result across climate models is a shift toward drier, more arid conditions across the West in coming decades, and such a trend could increase the incidence and severity of dust storms and wildfires in this region. Funded by EPA-ACE, we first diagnosed the large discrepancies between different present-day inventories of wildfires smoke. Although these inventories typically rely on the same satellite data, emissions can differ by an order of magnitude. Using Google Earth Engine, we used 15 years of satellite data to explain these discrepancies and to devise “relative fire confidence scores,” mapped globally. We developed the online app FIRECAM to compare emissions. The analysis is essential for air quality modelers attempting to capture present-day smoke concentrations (Liu et al., 2020)
We improved estimates of future wildfire activity and climate change by linking GEOS-Chem to a dynamic vegetation model that includes a process-based representation of fire (LPJ-LMfire). We then assessed the influence of future changes in climate and land cover on lightning-caused wildfires across the western United States and the consequences of these fires on air quality. We found that the 2010-2100 trends in lightning-caused wildfire would increase smoke PM2.5 across the national parks and forests in the western US by 50-100%, depending on the greenhouse gas scenario applied. (Li et al., 2020)
In collaboration with Yale, we examined the impact of smoke PM2.5 on health across Alaska in the present day (1997-2010) and future (2047-2051). We found that smoke PM2.5 exposure levels in the present-day were highest in interior Alaska during July. Among subpopulations, average summer (June-August) exposure levels for urban dwellers and African-American/Blacks were highest at 9.1 mg m-3 and 10 mg m-3, respectively. Estimated smoke PM2.5 varied by Native American tribe, ranging from average summer levels of 2.4 mg m-3 to 13 mg m-3 for Tlingit-Haida and Alaskan Athabascan tribes, respectively. We found that by the 2050, almost all of Alaska could be exposed to increases of 100% or more in levels of smoke PM2.5 levels in summer. (Woo et al., 2020)
Recent studies reported that short-term exposure to PM2.5 is associated with increased risk of Covid19 cases and deaths. We linked publicly available daily data on PM2.5, the number of Covid19 cases and deaths, and other confounders for 92 western U.S. counties that were affected by the 2020 wildfires. We estimated the association between short-term exposure to PM2.5 during the wildfires and the epidemiological dynamics of Covid19 cases and deaths. We adjusted for several time-varying confounding factors (e.g., weather, seasonality, long-term trends, mobility, and population size). We found strong evidence that wildfires amplified the effect of short-term exposure to PM2.5 on Covid19 cases and deaths, with substantial heterogeneity across counties. (Zhou et al., 2021)
Finally, we examined the impact of smoke PM2.5 on the health of agricultural workers in California in the present day and future (2050s). Due to the outdoor and physically demanding nature of their work, such workers are particularly vulnerable to wildfire smoke pollution. Under future climate conditions, we found an increase in “smokewave” exposure for agricultural workers across the state. Assuming a constant workforce, 1.9 million worker days would be deemed “Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups” in 2050, a near doubling over recent climate conditions. We further showed that existing monitoring networks do not provide adequate sampling of PM2.5 in many future at-risk wildfire regions with large numbers of agricultural workers. (Marlier et al., 2022)
Other components of PM2.5:
Mixtures. In a collaboration led by Johns Hopkins, we devised a statistical approach for estimating the health impacts of complex environmental mixtures using a “mixture-altering contrast.” We combined the notion of mixture-altering contrasts with sliced inverse regression, propensity score matching, and principal stratification to assess the health effects of different air pollution chemical mixtures. We demonstrated the application of this approach in an analysis of the health effects of wildfire particulate matter air pollution in the Western United States. (Peng et al., 2022)
Dust. Climate models predict a shift toward warmer and drier environments in the Southwest. Here again we link GEOS-Chem to LPJ-LMfire assess the impacts of future changes in three factors – climate, CO2 fertilization, and land use practices – on dust concentrations in this region. We find that vegetation cover declines significantly across most of the Southwest by 2100, leading to widespread increases in fine dust concentrations of ~2.0 -2.5 mg m-3 relative to the present day. CO2 fertilization may offset this effect to some extent. Our results have implications for human health, especially for the health of the indigenous people who make up a large percentage of the population in this region. (Li et al., 2021)
Hydroxymethane sulfonate. Sulfur compounds are an important constituent of particulate matter, with impacts on climate and public health. While most sulfur observed in particulate matter has been assumed to be sulfate, laboratory experiments reveal that hydroxymethane sulfonate (HMS), an adduct formed by aqueous phase chemical reaction of dissolved HCHO and SO2, may be easily misinterpreted in measurements as sulfate. We find that observations across US suggest the ubiquitous presence of HMS. Using GEOS-Chem, we estimate that HMS may account for 10% of global particulate sulfur in continental surface air and over 25% in many polluted regions. Our results suggest that reducing emissions of HCHO and other volatile organic compounds may have a co-benefit of decreasing particulate sulfur. (Moch et al., 2020; Dovrou et al., 2022)
Optimal placement of air quality monitors to capture PM2.5 extremes. Considerable financial resources are allocated for measuring ambient air pollution in the United States, yet the locations for these monitoring sites may not be optimized to capture the full extent of current pollution variability. We devised a method using multiresolution dynamic modal decomposition (mrDMD) to identify the optimal placement of PM2.5 sensors from 2000-2016 over the contiguous United States. This novel approach incorporates the variation of PM2.5 on timescales ranging from one day to over a decade to capture air pollution variability. We find that the mrDMD algorithm identifies more high-priority sensor locations in the western United States than along the eastern coast. The mrDMD sensor network captures PM2.5 from wildfires and high pollution events, with particularly high skill in the West. These results suggest significant gaps in the current EPA monitoring network in the San Joaquin Valley in California, northern California, and in the Pacific Northwest. Kelp et al. (2022)
Journal Articles on this Report : 108 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other subproject views: | All 110 publications | 110 publications in selected types | All 110 journal articles |
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| Other center views: | All 453 publications | 420 publications in selected types | All 419 journal articles |
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Achilleos S, Kioumourtzoglou M-A, Wu C-D, Schwartz JD, Koutrakis P, Papatheodorou SI. Acute effects of fine particulate matter constituents on mortality: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Environment International 2017;109:89-100. |
R835872 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Anand K, Vieira C, Garshick E, Wang V, Bomberg A, Gold D, Schwartz J, Vokonas P, Koutrakis P. Solar and geomagnetic activity reduces pulmonary function and enhances particulate pollution effects. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022;838(3):156434. |
R835872 (2021) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Blomberg A, Nyhan M, Bind M, Vokonas P, Coull B, Schwartz J, Koutrakis P. The role of ambient particle radioactivity in inflammation and endothelial function in an elderly cohort. Epidemiology 2020;31(4):499-508. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Blomberg A, Li L, Schwartz J, Coull B, Koutrakis P. Exposure to particle beta radiation in greater Massachusetts and factors influencing its spatial and temporal variability. Environmental Science & Technology 2020;54(11):6575-6583. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Carrion-Matta A, Kang C, Gaffin J, Hauptmat M, Phipatankakul W, Koutrakis P, Gold D. Classroom indoor PM2.5 sources and exposures in inner-city schools. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019;131. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
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Carrion-Matta A, Lawrence J, Kang C, Wolfson J, Li L, Vieira C, Schwartz J, Demokritou P, Koutrakis P. Predictors of indoor radon levels in the Midwest United States. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2021;71(12):1515-1528. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
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Deslauriers J, Redlich C, Kang C, Grady S, Slade M, Koutrakis P, Garshick E. Determinants of indoor carbonaceous aerosols in homes in the Northeast United States. JOURNAL OF THE EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022;. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Dong S, Koutrakis P, Li L, Coull B, Schwartz J, Kosheleva A, Zanobetti A. Synergistic effects of particle radioactivity (gross beta activity) and particulate matter =< 2.5 mu m aerodynamic diameter on cardiovascular disease mortality. Journal of the American Heart Association 2022;11(20):e025470. |
R835872 (2021) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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dos Santos N, Zilli V, Nascimento S, Mazzilli B, Saki M, Saueia C, Saldiva De Andre C, Justo L, Tisti M, Koutrakis P. Levels of Polonium-210 in brain and pulmonary tissues:Preliminary study in autopsies conducted in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2020;10(1):180. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Dovrou E, Bates K, MOch J, Mickley L, Jacob D, Keutsch F. Catalytic role of formaldehyde in particulate matter formation. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES 2022;119(6):e2113265119. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
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Fiffer M, Kang C, Requia W, Koutrakis P. Long-term impact of PM(2.5)mass and sulfur Reductions on ultrafine particle trends in Boston, MA from 1999 to 2018. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION 2020;70(7):700-707. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Grady ST, Koutrakis P, Hart JE, Coull BA, Schwartz J, Laden F, Zhang JJ, Gong J, Moy ML, Garshick E. Indoor black carbon of outdoor origin and oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Environment International 2018;115:188-195. |
R835872 (2018) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Hart JE, Grady ST, Laden F, Coull BA, Koutrakis P, Schwartz JD, Moy ML, Garshick E. Effects of indoor and ambient black carbon and PM 2.5 on pulmonary function among individuals with COPD. Environmental Health Perspectives 2018;126(12):127008. |
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Kelp M, Lin S, Kutz J, Mickley L. A new approach for determining optimal placement of PM2.5 air quality sensors:case study for the contiguous United States. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS 2022;17(3). |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
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Li J, Garschick E, Al-Hemud A, Huang S, Koutrakis P. Impacts of meteorology and vegetation on surface dust concentrations in Middle Eastern countries. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020;712(136597). |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
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Li J, Garshick E, Huang S, Koutrakis P. Impacts of El Nino-Southern Oscillation on surface dust levels across the world during 1982-2019. Sci Total Environ 2021; 769:144566 |
R835872C001 (Final) |
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Li L, Dominici F, Blomberg A, Bargagli-Stoffi F, Schwartz J, Coull B, Spengler J, Wei Y, Lawrence J, Koutrakis P. Exposure to unconventional oil and gas development and all-cause mortality in Medicare beneficiaries. NATURE ENERGY 2021;7(2):177-185. |
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Li L, Stern R, Blomberg A, Kang C, Wei Y, Liu M, Peralta A, Lawrence J, Vieira C, Koutrakis P. Ratios between radon concentrations in upstairs and basements: a study in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States. Data Science 2022;9(2):191-197. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
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Li W, Nyhan MM, Wilker EH, Vieira CL, Lin H, Schwartz JD, Gold DR, Coull BA, Aba AM, Benjamin EJ, Vasan RS. Recent exposure to particle radioactivity and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation:the Framingham Heart Study. Environment International 2018;121:1210-1216. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Liang D, Lee W, Liao J, Lawence J, Wolfson J, Ebelt S, Kang C, Koutrakis P, Samat J. Estimating climate change-related impacts on outdoor air pollution infiltration. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021;196(110923). |
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Liu M, Kang C, Wolfson J, Mikhail L, Coull B, Schwartz J, Koutrakis P. Measurements of gross alpha-and beta-activities of archived PM2.5 and PM10 teflon filter samples. Environmental Science & Technology 2020;54(19):11780-11788. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) |
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Marlier M, Brenner K, Liu J, Mickley L, Raby S, James E, Ahmadov R, Riden H. Exposure of agricultural workers in California to wildfire smoke under past and future climate conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS 2022;17(9):094045. |
R835872 (2021) R835872C001 (Final) |
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Martins M, Lawrence J, Ferguson S, Wolfson JM, Koutrakis P. Development and evaluation of a mobile laboratory for collecting short-duration near-road fine and coarse ambient particle and road dust samples. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2021; 71(2):118-128. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
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Masri S, Garshick E, Hart J, Bouhamra W, Koutrakis P. Use of visual range measurements to predict fine particulate matter exposures in Southwest Asia and Afghanistan. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2017;67(1):75-85. |
R835872 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Masri S, Garshick E, Coull B, Koutrakis P. A novel calibration approach using satellite and visibility observations to estimate fine particulate matter exposures in Southwest Asia and Afghanistan. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2017;67(1):86-95. |
R835872 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Matthaios V, Liu M, Li L, Kang M, Vieira C, Gold D, Koutrakis P. Sources of indoor PM2.5 gross alpha and beta activities measured in 340 homes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021;197. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Matthaios V, Kang C, Wolfson J, Greco K, Gaffin J, Hauptman M, Cunningham A, Petty C, Lawrence J, Gold D, Koutrakis P. Factors Influencing Classroom Exposures to Fine Particles, Black Carbon, and Nitrogen Dioxide in Inner-City Schools and Their Implications for Indoor Air Quality. ENVIRONMETAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022;130(4):47005. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Matthaios V, Lawrence J, Martins M, Ferguson S, Wolfson J, Harrison R, Kourtrakis P. Quantifying factors affecting contributions of Roadway exhaust and non-exhaust emissions to ambient PM10-2.5 and PM2.5-0.2 particles. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVRIONMENT 2022;835. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834677 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Moch JM, Dovrou E, Mickley LJ, Keutsch FN, Liu Z, Wang Y, Dombek TL, Kuwata M, Budisulistiorini SH, Yang L, Decesari S, Paglione M, Alexander B, Shao J, Munger JW, Jacob DJ. Global importance of hydroxymethanesulfonate in ambient particulate matter: implications for air quality. J Geophys Res Atmos 2020; 125(18):e2020JD032706. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Nyhan MM, Rice M, Blomberg A, Coull BA, Garshick E, Vokonas P, Schwartz J, Gold DR, Koutrakis P. Associations between ambient particle radioactivity and lung function. Environment International 2019;130:104795. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit |
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Papatheodorou S, Yao W, Vieira C, Li L, Wylie B, Schwartz J, Koutrakis P. Residential radon exposure and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Massachusetts, USA: a cohort study. Environmental International 2021;146(106285). |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Peralta A, Link M, Schwartz J, Luttmann-Gibson H, Dockery D, Blombarg A, Wei Y, Mittleman M, Gold D, Laden F, Coull B, Koutrakis P. Exposure to air pollution and particle radioactivity with the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Circulation 2020;142(9):858-867. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Requia WJ, Roig HL, Koutrakis P, Adams MD. Modeling spatial patterns of traffic emissions across 5570 municipal districts in Brazil. Journal of Cleaner Production 2017;148:845-853. |
R835872 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Requia WJ, Adams MD, Arain A, Koutrakis P, Lee W-C, Ferguson M. Spatio-temporal analysis of particulate matter intake fractions for vehicular emissions: hourly variation by micro-environments in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, Canada. Science of the Total Environment 2017;599-600:1813-1822. |
R835872 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Requia WJ, Dalumpines R, Adams MD, Arain A, Ferguson M, Koutrakis P. Modeling spatial patterns of link-based PM2.5 emissions and subsequent human exposure in a large Canadian metropolitan area. Atmospheric Environment 2017;158:172-180. |
R835872 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Requia WJ, Adams MD, Arain A, Koutrakis P, Ferguson M. Carbon dioxide emissions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles: a life-cycle analysis in eight Canadian cities. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2017;78:1390-1396. |
R835872 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C005 (2016) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Requia WJ, Higgins CD, Adams MD, Mohamed M, Koutrakis P. The health impacts of weekday traffic: a health risk assessment of PM2.5 emissions during congested periods. Environment International 2018;111:164-176. |
R835872 (2016) R835872 (2017) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Requia W, Di Q, Silvern R, Kelly J, Koutrakis P, Mickley L, Sulprizio M, Amini H, Schwartz J. An ensemble learning approach for estimating high spatiotemporal resolution of ground-level ozone in the contiguous United States. Environmental Science & Technology 2020;54(18):11037-11047. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Schiff J, Vieira C, Garshick E, Wang V, Blomberg A, Gold D, Schwartz J, Tracy S, Vokanas P, Koutrakis P. The role of solar and geomagnetic activity in endothelial activation and inflammation in the NAS cohort. PLOS ONE 2022;17(7) |
R835872 (2021) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit |
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Shen L, Mickley LJ. Effects of El Niño on summertime ozone air quality in the eastern United States. Geophysical Research Letters 2017;44(24):12543-12550. |
R835872 (2016) R835872 (2017) R835872C001 (Final) R835755 (2017) |
Exit Exit |
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Shen L, Mickley LJ, Leibensperger EM, Li M. Strong dependence of U.S. summertime air quality on the decadal variability of Atlantic sea surface temperatures. Geophysical Research Letters 2017;44(24):12527-12535. |
R835872 (2016) R835872 (2017) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Shen L, Mickley LJ, Murray LT. Influence of 2000–2050 climate change on particulate matter in the United States:results from a new statistical model. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2017;17(6):4355-4367. |
R835872 (2016) R835872 (2017) R835872C001 (Final) R835755 (2017) |
Exit Exit |
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Silva E, Huang S, Lawrence J, Martins MAG, Li J, Koutrakis P. Trace element concentrations in ambient air as a function of distance from road. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2021; 71(2):129-136. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Stern RA, Koutrakis P, Martins MAG, Lemos B, Dowd SE, Sunderland EM, Garshick E. Characterization of hospital airborne SARS-CoV-2. Respir Res 2021; 22(1):73. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Stern R, Charness M, Gupta K, Koutrakis P, Linsenmeyer K, Madjarov R, Martins M, Lemos B, Dowd S, Harshick E. Concordance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Aerosols From a Nurses Station and in Nurses and Patients During a Hospital Ward Outbreak. JAMA NETWORK OPEN 2022;5(6):e2216176. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit |
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Tang CH, Coull BA, Schwartz J, Lyapustin A, Di Q, Koutrakis P. Developing particle emission inventories using remote sensing (PEIRS). Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2017;67(1):53-63. |
R835872 (2016) R835872 (2017) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Tang CH, Garshick E, Grady S, Coull B, Schwartz J, Koutrakis P. Development of a modeling approach to estimate indoor-to-outdoor sulfur ratios and predict indoor PM2.5 and black carbon concentrations for Eastern Massachusetts households. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 2018;28(2):125-130. |
R835872 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Vieira CL, Koutrakis P, Huang S, Grady S, Hart JE, Coull BA, Laden F, Requia W, Schwartz J, Garshick E. Short-term effects of particle gamma radiation activities on pulmonary function in COPD patients. Environ Res 2019;221-227. |
R835872 (2016) R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Vieira C, Koutrakis P. The impact of solar activity on ambient ultrafine particle concentrations:An analysis based on 19-year measurements in Boston, USA. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021;201(111532). |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Vohra K, Vodonos A, Schwartz J, Marais EA, Sulprizio MP, Mickley LJ. Global mortality from outdoor fine particle pollution generated by fossil fuel combustion:Results from GEOS-Chem. Environ Res 2021; 195:110754. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Wang V, Vieira Z, Garshick E, Schwartz J, Garshick M, Vokonas P, Koutrakis P. Solar activity is associated with diastolic and systolic blood pressure in elderly adults. Journal of the American Heart Association 2021;10(21):e021006. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Xiong J, Li J, Wu X, Wolfson J, Lawrence J, Stern R, Koutrakis P, Wei J, Huang S. The association between daily-diagnosed COVID-19 morbidity and short-term exposure to PM1 is larger than associations with PM2.5 and PM10. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022;210(113016). |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Yu S, Kang C, Liu M, Kotrakis P. PM2.5 sources affecting particle radioactivity in Boston, Massachusetts. ATHMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 2021;259. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Yuan Y, Alahmad B, Kang C, Al-Marri F, Kommula V, Bouhamra W, Koutrakis P. Dust events and indoor air quality in residential homes in Kuwait. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthH 2020;17(7):2433. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Vierira CLZ, Link M, Garschick E, Peralta A, Luttman-Gibson H, Laden F, Liu M, Gold D, Koutrakis P. Solar and geomagnetic activity enhance the effects of air pollutants on atrial fibrillation. Eurspace 2022;24(5):713-720. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit |
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Chudnovsky AA, Koutrakis P, Kostinski A, Proctor SP and Garshick E. Spatial and temporal variability in desert dust and anthropogenic pollution in Iraq, 1997–2010. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2017; 67(1):17-26. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Requia WJ, Arain A, Koutrakis P and Dalumpines R. Assessing particulate matter emissions from future electric mobility and potential risk for human health in Canadian metropolitan area. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2018; 11(9):1009-1019. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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|
Nyhan MM, Coull BA, Blomberg AJ, Vieira CL, Garshick E, Aba A, Vokonas P, Gold DR, Schwartz J, Koutrakis P. Associations between ambient particle radioactivity and blood pressure:the NAS (Normative Aging Study). Journal of the American Heart Association 2018;7(6):e008245. |
R835872 (2018) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Garshick E, Grady ST, Hart JE, Coull BA, Schwartz JD, Laden F, Moy ML, Koutrakis P. Indoor black carbon and biomarkers of systemic inflammation and endothelial activation in COPD patients. Environmental Research 2018;165:358-364. |
R835872 (2018) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Requia WJ, Koutrakis P and Arain A. Modeling spatial distribution of population for environmental epidemiological studies:Comparing the exposure estimates using choropleth versus dasymetric mapping. Environment International 2018; 119:152-164. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Silvern RF, Jacob DJ, Travis KR, Sherwen T, Evans MJ, Cohen RC, Laughner JL, Hall SR, Ullmann K, Crounse JD, Wennberg PO. Observed NO/NO2 ratios in the upper troposphere imply errors in NO‐NO2‐O3 cycling kinetics or an unaccounted NOx reservoir. Geophysical Research Letters 2018;45(9):4466-4474. |
R835872 (2018) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Huang S, Lawrence J, Kang CM, Li J, Martins M, Vokonas P, Gold DR, Schwartz J, Coull BA, Koutrakis P. Road proximity influences indoor exposures to ambient fine particle mass and components. Environmental Pollution 2018;243:978-987. |
R835872 (2018) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) |
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Di Q, Amini H, Shi L, Kloog I, Silvern R, Kelly J, Sabath MB, Choirat C, Koutrakis P, Lyapustin A, Wang Y. Assessing NO2 concentration and model uncertainty with high spatiotemporal resolution across the contiguous United States using ensemble model averaging. Environmental Science & Technology 2019;54(3):1372-1384. |
R835872 (2019) R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Blomberg AJ, Coull BA, Jhun I, Vieira CL, Zanobetti A, Garshick E, Schwartz J, Koutrakis P. Effect modification of ambient particle mortality by radon:a time series analysis in 108 US cities. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2019;69(3):266-276. |
R835872 (2018) R835872 (2019) R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Requia WJ, Coull BA, Koutrakis P. Evaluation of predictive capabilities of ordinary geostatistical interpolation, hybrid interpolation, and machine learning methods for estimating PM2.5 constituents over space. Environmental Research 2019;175:421-433. |
R835872 (2018) R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit |
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Di Q, Amini H, Shi L, Kloog I, Silvern R, Kelly J, Sabath MB, Choirat C, Koutrakis P, Lyapustin A, Wang Y. An ensemble-based model of PM2.5 concentration across the contiguous United States with high spatiotemporal resolution. Environment International 2019;130:104909. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Requia WJ, Coull BA, Koutrakis P. Multivariate spatial patterns of ambient PM2.5 elemental concentrations in Eastern Massachusetts. 2019;252:1942-1952.. |
R835872 (2018) R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit |
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Vieira CL, Alvares D, Blomberg A, Schwartz J, Coull B, Huang S, Koutrakis P. Geomagnetic disturbances driven by solar activity enhance total and cardiovascular mortality risk in 263 US cities. Environmental Health 2019;18(1):83. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Requia WJ, Coull BA, Koutrakis P. The influence of spatial patterning on modeling PM2.5 constituents in Eastern Massachusetts. Science of The Total Environment 2019;682:247-258. |
R835872 (2018) R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit |
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Requia WJ, Jhun I, Coull BA, Koutrakis P. Climate impact on ambient PM2.5 elemental concentration in the United States:a trend analysis over the last 30 years. Environment International 2019;131:104888. |
R835872 (2018) R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit |
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Borge R, Requia WJ, Yague C, Jhun I and Koutrakis P. Impact of weather changes on air quality and related mortality in Spain over a 25year period [1993-2017]. Environ Int 2019; 133(Pt B):105272. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Yitshak-Sade M, Blomberg AJ, Zanobetti A, Schwartz JD, Coull BA, Kloog I, Dominici F and Koutrakis P. County-level radon exposure and all-cause mortality risk among Medicare beneficiaries. Environ Int 2019; 130:104865. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) R835872C004 (Final) |
Exit |
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Shtein A, Kloog I, Schwartz J, Silibello C, Michelozzi P, Gariazzo C, Viegi G, Forastiere F, Karnieli A, Just AC, Stafoggia M. Estimating daily PM2.5 and PM10 over Italy using an ensemble model. Environmental Science & Technology 2019;54(1):120-128. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit |
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Nyhan MM, Kloog I, Britter R, Ratti C and Koutrakis P. Quantifying population exposure to air pollution using individual mobility patterns inferred from mobile phone data. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 2019; 29(2):238-247. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Silvern RF, Jacob DJ, Mickley LJ, Sulprizio MP, Travis KR, Marais EA, Cohen RC, Laughner JL, Choi S, Joiner J, Lamsal LN. Using satellite observations of tropospheric NO_2 columns to infer long-term trends in US NOx emissions:the importance of accounting for the free tropospheric NO2 background. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2019;19(13):8863-8878. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit |
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Liu T, Mickley LJ, Marlier ME, DeFries RS, Khan MF, Latif MT, Karambelas A. Diagnosing spatial biases and uncertainties in global fire emissions inventories:Indonesia as regional case study. Remote Sensing of Environment 2020;237:111557. |
R835872 (2019) R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit |
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Kang CM, Liu M, Garshick E and Koutrakis P. Indoor particle alpha radioactivity origins in occupied homes. Aerosol Air Qual Res 2020; 20(6). |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
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Li Y, Mickley LJ, Liu P, Kaplan JO. Trends and spatial shifts in lightning fires and smoke concentrations in response to 21st century climate over the national forests and parks of the western United States. ,em> Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2020;20(14):8827-38. |
R835872 (2020) R835872C001 (Final) R835875 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Woo SHL, Liu JC, Yue X, Mickley LJ and Bell ML. Air pollution from wildfires and human health vulnerability in Alaskan communities under climate change. Environmental Research Letters 2020; 15(9). |
R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit |
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Papatheodorou S, Gold DR, Blomberg AJ, Hacker M, Wylie BJ, Requia WJ, Oken E, Fleisch AF, Schwartz JD and Koutrakis P. Ambient particle radioactivity and gestational diabetes:A cohort study of more than 1 million pregnant women in Massachusetts, USA. Science of The Total Environment 2020; 733. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit |
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Vieira CLZ, Garshick E, Alvares D, Schwartz J, Huang S, Vokonas P, Gold DR and Koutrakis P. Association between ambient beta particle radioactivity and lower hemoglobin concentrations in a cohort of elderly men. Environment International 2020; 139. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit |
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Huang S, Garshick E, Weschler LB, Hong C, Li J, Li L, Qu F, Gao D, Zhou Y, Sundell J, Zhang Y and Koutrakis P. Home environmental and lifestyle factors associated with asthma, rhinitis and wheeze in children in Beijing, China. Environ Pollut 2020; 256:113426. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit |
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Al-Hemoud A, Al-Dousari A, Al-Dashti H, Petrov P, Al-Saleh A, Al-Khafaji S, Behbehani W, Li J and Koutrakis P. Sand and dust storm trajectories from Iraq Mesopotamian flood plain to Kuwait. Sci Total Environ 2020; 710:136291. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Huang S, Xiong J, Vieira CLZ, Blomberg AJ, Gold DR, Coull BA, Sarosiek K, Schwartz JD, Wolfson JM, Li J and Koutrakis P. Short-term exposure to ambient particle gamma radioactivity is associated with increased risk for all-cause non-accidental and cardiovascular mortality. Sci Total Environ 2020; 721:137793. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Huang S, Garshick E, Vieira CL, Grady ST, Schwartz JD, Coull BA, Hart JE, Laden F, Koutrakis P. Short-term exposures to particulate matter gamma radiation activities and biomarkers of systemic inflammation and endothelial activation in COPD patients. Environmental Research 2020;180:108841. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Alahmad B, Tomasso LP, Al-Hemoud A, James P and Koutrakis P. Spatial distribution of land surface temperatures in Kuwait: urban heat and cool islands. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020; 17(9). |
R835872C001 (Final) |
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Requia WJ, Coull BA, Koutrakis P. Where air quality has been impacted by weather changes in the United States over the last 30 years?. Atmospheric Environment 2020;224:117360. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit |
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Li Y, Mickley LJ, Kaplan JO. Response of dust emissions in southwestern North America to 21st century trends in climate, CO 2 fertilization, and land use:implications for air quality. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2021 ;21(1):57-68. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835875 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Li L, Blomberg AJ, Lawrence J, Requia WJ, Wei Y, Liu M, Peralta AA, Koutrakis P. A spatiotemporal ensemble model to predict gross beta particulate radioactivity across the contiguous United States. Environment International 2021;156:106643. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
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Alahmad B, Al-Hemoud A, Kang CM, Almarri F, Kommula V, Wolfson JM, Bernstein AS, Garshick E, Schwartz J and Koutrakis P. A two-year assessment of particulate air pollution and sources in Kuwait. Environ Pollut 2021; 282:117016. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Li J, Garshick E, Hart JE, Li L, Shi L, Al-Hemoud A, Huang S and Koutrakis P. Estimation of ambient PM2.5 in Iraq and Kuwait from 2001 to 2018 using machine learning and remote sensing. Environ Int 2021; 151:106445. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Lopes Moreira TC, Huang S, Lawrence J, Martins MAG, Wolfson JM, Kang CM, Ferguson ST and Koutrakis P. Influence of road proximity on ambient concentrations of organic and elemental carbon fractions in coarse and fine particulate matter. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2021; 71(3):283-284. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Lawrence J, Martins M, Liu M and Koutrakis P. Measurement of the gross alpha activity of the fine fractions of road dust and near-roadway ambient particle matter. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2021; 71(2):147-155. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Li L, Blomberg AJ, Stern RA, Kang CM, Papatheodorou S, Wei Y, Liu M, Peralta AA, Vieira CLZ and Koutrakis P. Predicting monthly community-level domestic radon concentrations in the greater Boston area with an ensemble learning model. Environmental Science & Technology 2021; 55(10):7157-7166. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
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Tracy SM, Vieira CLZ, Garshick E, Wang VA, Alahmad B, Eid R, Schwartz J, Schiff JE, Vokonas P and Koutrakis P. Associations between solar and geomagnetic activity and peripheral white blood cells in the Normative Aging Study. Environ Res 2022; 204(Pt B):112066. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit |
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Peng RD, Liu JC, McCormack MC, Mickley LJ and Bell ML. Estimating the health effects of environmental mixtures using principal stratification. Stat Med 2022; 41(10):1815-1828. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Li J, Kang CM, Wolfson JM, Alahmad B, Al-Hemoud A, Garshick E and Koutrakis P. Estimation of fine particulate matter in an arid area from visibility based on machine learning. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2022; 32(6):926-931. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Vieira CL, Chen K, Garshick E, Liu M, Vokonas P, Ljungman P, Schwartz J, Koutrakis P. Geomagnetic disturbances reduce heart rate variability in the Normative Aging Study. Science of the Total Environment 2022;839:156235. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Vohra K, Marais EA, Bloss WJ, Schwartz J, Mickley LJ, Damme MV, Clarisse L and Coheur P-F. Rapid rise in premature mortality due to anthropogenic air pollution in fast-growing tropical cities from 2005 to 2018. Science Advances 2022; 8. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit |
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Wang VA, Koutrakis P, Li L, Liu M, Vieira CLZ, Coull BA, Maher EF, Kang CM and Garshick E. Particle radioactivity from radon decay products and reduced pulmonary function among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Environ Res 2023; 216(Pt 1):114492. |
R835872C001 (Final) R834798 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Lee HJ, Bell ML and Koutrakis P. Drought and ozone air quality in California:Identifying susceptible regions in the preparedness of future drought. Environ Res 2023; 216(Pt 1):114461. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Wang VA, Leung M, Li L, Modest AM, Schwartz J, Coull BA, Hacker MR, Wylie BJ, Koutrakis P and Papatheodorou S. Prenatal exposure to ambient particle radioactivity and fetal growth in Eastern Massachusetts. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2023; 16:805-815. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
Exit |
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Tang C, Coull B, Schwartz J, Lyapustin A, Di Q, Koutrakis P (2016) Trends and Spatial Patterns of Fine Resolution AOD-Derived PM2.5 Emissions in the Northeast United States from 2002 to 2013. Journal of the Air Waste & Management Association. In press. http://dx.doi.org.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/10.1080/10962247.2016.1218393. |
R835872C001 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
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Huang S, Koutrakis P, Grady ST, Vieira CLZ, Schwartz JD, Coull BA, Hart JE, Laden F, Zhang JJ and Garshick E. Effects of particulate matter gamma radiation on oxidative stress biomarkers in COPD patients. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2020. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C002 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Mukharesh L, Greco KF, Banzon T, Koutrakis P, Li L, Hauptman M, Phipatanakul W and Gaffin JM. Environmental radon and childhood asthma. 2022; 57(12):3165-3168. |
R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Di Q, Rowland S, Koutrakis P, Schwartz J (2017) A hybrid model for spatially and temporally resolved ozone exposures in the continental United States. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 67(1):39-52. |
R835872C001 (2016) R835872C001 (Final) |
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Gao X, Koutrakis P, Blomberg AJ, Coull B, Vokonas P, Schwartz J, Baccarelli AA. Short-term ambient particle radioactivity level and renal function in older men:Insight from the Normative Aging Study. Environment International 2019;131:105018. |
R835872 (2019) R835872C001 (Final) R835872C003 (Final) |
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Huang S, Taddei P, Lawrence J, Martins MAG, Li J and Koutrakis P. Trace element mass fractions in road dust as a function of distance from road. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2020. |
R835872C001 (Final) |
not available |
Supplemental Keywords:
Particles, pollutant mixtures, pollution trends, regional pollution, public policy, data fusion; smoke, wildfire
Relevant Websites:
The website for the Harvard/MIT ACE Center Exit
FIRECAM, an online tool to compare standard biomass burning emissions in standard global inventories for user-selected regions and countries.ttps://globalfires.earthengine.app/view/firecam.
The national models for PM2.5, O3, NO2, PM2.5 components, and PM2.5 trace elements are publicly available through NASA’s Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center:
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PM2.5 component EC, NH4, NO3, OC, SO Exit 4 Exit (50-m urban and 1-km nonurban, annual, 2000-2019)
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PM2.5 trace elements Exit (50-m urban and 1-km nonurban, annual, 2000-2019)
Progress and Final Reports:
Original AbstractMain Center Abstract and Reports:
R835872 Regional Air Pollution Mixtures Subprojects under this Center: (EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R835872C001 Project 1: Regional Air Pollution Mixtures: The Past and Future Impacts of Emission Controls and Climate Change on Air Quality and Health
R835872C002 Project 2: Air Pollutant Mixtures in Eastern Massachusetts: Spatial Multi-resolution Analysis of Trends, Effects of Modifiable Factors, Climate and Particle-induced Mortality
R835872C003 Project 3: Causal Estimates of Effects of Regional and National Pollution Mixtures on Health: Providing Tools for Policy Makers
R835872C004 A Causal Inference Framework to Support Policy Decisions by Evaluating the Effectiveness of Past Air Pollution Control Strategies for the Entire United States
R835872C005 Project 5: Projecting and Quantifying Future Changes in Socioeconomic Drivers of Air Pollution and its Health-Related Impacts
The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.
Project Research Results
110 journal articles for this subproject
Main Center: R835872
453 publications for this center
419 journal articles for this center