The foundry industry has frequently cited the beneficial reuse of foundry sand as one of its most important environmental issues. To address this concern, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) assembled a workgroup of representatives from industry, states (the Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste Management Officials, ASTSWMO), and the U.S. Departments of Transportation and Agriculture. The workgroup recommended that EPA research existing state beneficial reuse programs, conduct case studies examining 'real-world' reuses of foundry sand, conduct a scientific characterization of foundry sands, and suggest approaches to encourage increased future reuse. In response to the workgroup's recommendations, EPA researched regulations, statutes, guidance documents, policies, websites, and other publicly available information regarding beneficial reuse of foundry sand, industrial waste recycling, and solid waste designation in 18 states. These states have the largest numbers of foundries in the country and have active industrial waste recycling programs or initiatives. EPA also conducted four case studies of ongoing or recently completed projects involving the beneficial reuse of sand.