Grantee Research Project Results
2004 Progress Report: National Environmental Respiratory Center: Health Hazards of Inhaled Gasoline Engine Emissions and Street Dust
EPA Grant Number: CR831455Subproject: this is subproject number R831455 , established and managed by the Center Director under a main grant
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: Center for Native American Environmental Health Equity Research
Center Director: Lewis, Johnnye Lynn
Title: National Environmental Respiratory Center: Health Hazards of Inhaled Gasoline Engine Emissions and Street Dust
Investigators: Mauderly, Joe L. , Swenberg, James A. , Belinsky, Steven A. , Barr, E. B. , Seagrave, Jean Clare , McDonald, Jacob D. , Reed, Matthew D. , Barrett, Edward G. , Campen, Matthew J. , Gigliotti, Andrew , Wise, Barry , Harrod, Kevin , Seilkop, Steven
Current Investigators: Mauderly, Joe L. , Swenberg, James A. , Belinsky, Steven A. , Barr, E. B. , Seagrave, Jean Clare , McDonald, Jacob D. , Reed, Matthew D. , Barrett, Edward G. , Campen, Matthew J. , Divine, Kevin K , Gigliotti, Andrew , Wise, Barry , Bedrick, Edward , Harrod, Kevin , Seilkop, Steven
Institution: Lovelace Biomedical & Environmental Research Institute
Current Institution: Lovelace Biomedical & Environmental Research Institute , University of New Mexico
EPA Project Officer: Chung, Serena
Project Period: September 1, 2003 through August 31, 2008
Project Period Covered by this Report: September 1, 2003 through August 31, 2004
Project Amount: $969,300
RFA: Targeted Research Center (2003) Recipients Lists
Research Category: Targeted Research
Objective:
The objective of the National Environmental Respiratory Center (NERC) research program is to identify the relative contributions of the many individual air pollutants and pollutant classes and their predominant sources to the adverse respiratory and cardiovascular effects statistically associated with air pollution. The program’s strategy takes a “one atmosphere” approach to the air pollution-health relationship, rather than focusing on individual classes of pollutants serially.
Progress Summary:
The NERC program continued its strategy of conducting identically designed subchronic inhalation studies of important pollution source emissions. The aim is to combine data from all studies into a single database for multivariate analyses that demonstrates relationships between physical-chemical classes of air contaminants and different health outcomes. Studies of diesel emissions and hardwood smoke were completed in previous years. During Year 1 of the project, analyses of the effect of diesel exposure on lung DNA methylation were completed. Other effects of hardwood smoke still are being analyzed.
Studies of exposure to gasoline emissions began in October 2004 and are continuing. Animals are being exposed to each of three concentrations (dilutions) of whole emissions from 1996 model GM 4.3L engines operated on repeating urban duty cycles. Two engines are used to include two cold starts in each daily exposure. Exposures at the highest concentration are being done with and without filtration of particles. This exposure includes larger concentrations of nanoparticles and vapor-phase organic compounds than the diesel or hardwood smoke exposures. Few biological results are available yet.
Progress toward exposure to paved road dust was made by collecting samples for a pilot study on the diversity of composition and toxicity of dusts from different locations. Samples were collected using a standardized, size-selective surface sampler in numerous locations in Los Angeles, Albuquerque, El Paso, New York City, New Jersey suburbs, Atlanta, and Birmingham. The PM2.5 fractions were obtained by sieving and aerosolizing and compositions were analyzed. Composition differed among regions but was generally consistent among samples from a given city.
Progress toward a study of simulated downwind components of coal combustion was made by designing and fabricating drop-tube electric furnaces and devices for aerosolizing pulverized coal.
Future Activities:
During Year 3 of the project, remaining results from the diesel and hardwood smoke exposures will be submitted for publication. Exposures to gasoline emissions will be completed and results will be analyzed. A pilot study of the PM2.5 fraction of paved road dust will be completed, leading to the definition of a strategy for collecting dust for a subchronic study. Rodents will be exposed acutely by inhalation, and short-term effects will be determined. A companion study of the PM10-2.5 fraction will be conducted by intratracheal instillation. Results should support multivariate analysis of composition-response relationships. Work toward the study of coal emissions will continue with completion of the emissions generation/modification system and generation trials using a low-sulfur western coal (Powder River Basin). Trials using a Central Appalachian coal will follow.
Journal Articles: 36 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other center views: | All 96 publications | 40 publications in selected types | All 36 journal articles |
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Barrett EG, Rudolph K, Bowen LE, Muggenburg BA, Bice DE. Effect of inhaled ultrafine carbon particles on the allergic airway response in ragweed-sensitized dogs. Inhalation Toxicology 2003;15(2):151-165. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Barrett EG, Henson RD, Seilkop SK, McDonald JD, Reed MD. Effects of hardwood smoke exposure on allergic airway inflammation in mice. Inhalation Toxicology 2006;18(1):33-43. |
CR831455 (2006) CR831455 (Final) |
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Burchiel SW, Lauer FT, McDonald JD, Reed MD. Systemic immunotoxicity in AJ mice following 6-month whole body inhalation exposure to diesel exhaust. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2004;196(3):337-345. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Burchiel SW, Lauer FT, Dunaway SL, Zawadzki J, McDonald JD, Reed MD. Hardwood smoke alters murine splenic T cell responses to mitogens following a 6-month whole body inhalation exposure. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2005;202(3):229-236. |
CR831455 (2004) CR831455 (2006) CR831455 (Final) |
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Campen MJ, McDonald JD, Gigliotti AP, Seilkop SK, Reed MD, Benson JM. Cardiovascular effects of inhaled diesel exhaust in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cardiovascular Toxicology 2003;3(4):353-361. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Campen MJ, McDonald JD, Reed MD, Seagrave JC. Fresh gasoline emissions, not paved road dust, alter cardiac repolarization in ApoE-/- mice. Cardiovascular Toxicology 2006;6(3-4):199-209. |
CR831455 (Final) R830839 (2005) R830839 (Final) |
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Chow JC, Watson JG, Mauderly JL, Costa DL, Wyzga RE, Vedal S, Hidy GM, Altshuler SL, Marrack D, Heuss JM, Wolff GT, Pope III CA, Dockery DW. Health effects of fine particulate air pollution:lines that connect (critical review discussion). Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2006;56(10):1368-1380. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Day KC, Reed MD, McDonald JD, Seilkop SK, Barrett EG. Effects of gasoline engine emissions on preexisting allergic airway responses in mice. Inhalation Toxicology 2008;20(13):1145-1155. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Harrod KS, Jaramillo RJ, Rosenberger CL, Wang S-Z, Berger JA, McDonald JD, Reed MD. Increased susceptibility to RSV infection by exposure to inhaled diesel engine emissions. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 2003;28(4):451-463. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Harrod KS, Jaramillo RJ, Berger JA, Gigliotti AP, Seilkop SK, Reed MD. Inhaled diesel engine emissions reduce bacterial clearance and exacerbate lung disease to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in vivo . Toxicological Sciences 2005;83(1):155-165. |
CR831455 (2004) CR831455 (Final) |
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Lund AK, Knuckles TL, Akata CO, Shohet R, McDonald JD, Gigliotti A, Seagrave JC, Campen MJ. Gasoline exhaust emissions induce vascular remodeling pathways involved in atherosclerosis. Toxicological Sciences 2007;95(2):485-494. |
CR831455 (Final) R830839 (2005) R830839 (Final) R831860 (2007) R831860 (Final) |
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Lund AK, Lucero J, Lucas S, Madden MC, McDonald JD, Seagrave J-C, Knuckles TL, Campen MJ. Vehicular emissions induce vascular MMP-9 expression and activity associated with endothelin-1–mediated pathways. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 2009;29(4):511-517. |
CR831455 (Final) R830839 (2005) R830839 (Final) |
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March TH, Barr EB, Finch GL, Nikula KJ, Seagrave JC. Effects of concurrent ozone exposure on the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in B6C3F1 mice. Inhalation Toxicology 2002;14(12):1187-1213. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Mauderly JL. An evolution of perspectives: summary of the Third Colloquium on Particulate Air Pollution and Human Health, Durham, North Carolina, June 6-8, 1999. Inhalation Toxicology 2000;12(Suppl 1):7-12. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Mauderly JL. Animal models for the effect of age on susceptibility to inhaled particulate matter. Inhalation Toxicology 2000;12(9):863-900. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Mauderly JL. Diesel emissions: is more health research still needed? Toxicological Sciences 2001;62(1):6-9. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Mauderly JL. Health effects of air pollution: the struggle for context. Environmental Progress 2003;22(3):2-4. |
CR831455 (2004) CR831455 (2006) CR831455 (Final) |
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Mauderly JL. Health hazards of complex environmental exposures: a difficult challenge to inhalation toxicology. Inhalation Toxicology 2006;18(2):137-141. |
CR831455 (2006) CR831455 (Final) |
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Mauderly JL, Chow JC. Health effects of organic aerosols. Inhalation Toxicology 2008;20(3):257-288. |
CR831455 (Final) R831086 (Final) |
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Mauderly JL, Samet JM. Is there evidence for synergy among air pollutants in causing health effects? Environmental Health Perspectives 2009;117(1):1-6. |
CR831455 (Final) R832417 (Final) |
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McDonald JD, Barr EB, White RK, Chow JC, Schauer JJ, Zielinska B, Grosjean E. Generation and characterization of four dilutions of diesel engine exhaust for a subchronic inhalation study. Environmental Science & Technology 2004;38(9):2513-2522. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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McDonald JD, White RK, Barr EB, Zielinska B, Chow JC, Grosjean E. Generation and characterization of hardwood smoke inhalation exposure atmospheres. Aerosol Science & Technology 2006;40(8):573-584. |
CR831455 (2006) CR831455 (Final) |
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McDonald JD, Barr EB, White RK, Kracko D, Chow JC, Zielinska B, Grosjean E. Generation and characterization of gasoline engine exhaust inhalation exposure atmospheres. Inhalation Toxicology 2008;20(13):1157-1168. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Muggenburg BA, Benson JM, Barr EB, Kubatko J, Tilley LP. Short-term inhalation of particulate transition metals has little effect on the electrocardiograms of dogs having preexisting cardiac abnormalities. Inhalation Toxicology 2003;15(4):357-371. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Redman TK, Rudolph K, Barr EB, Bowen LE, Muggenburg BA, Bice DE. Pulmonary immunity to ragweed in a Beagle dog model of allergic asthma. Experimental Lung Research 2001;27(5):433-451. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Reed MD, Gigliotti AP, McDonald JD, Seagrave JC, Seilkop SK, Mauderly JL. Health effects of subchronic exposure to environmental levels of diesel exhaust. Inhalation Toxicology 2004;16(4):177-193. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Reed MD, Campen MJ, Gigliotti AP, Harrod KS, McDonald JD, Seagrave JC, Mauderly JL, Seilkop SK. Health effects of subchronic exposure to environmental levels of hardwood smoke. Inhalation Toxicology 2006;18(8):523-539. |
CR831455 (2006) CR831455 (Final) |
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Reed MD, Barrett EG, Campen MJ, Divine KK, Gigliotti AP, McDonald JD, Seagrave JC, Mauderly JL, Seilkop SK, Swenberg JA. Health effects of subchronic inhalation exposure to gasoline engine exhaust. Inhalation Toxicology 2008;20(13):1125-1143. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Rowan III WH, Campen MJ, Wichers LB, Watkinson WP. Heart rate variability in rodents: uses and caveats in toxicological studies. Cardiovascular Toxicology 2007;7(1):28-51. |
CR831455 (Final) R830839 (2005) R830839 (Final) |
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Seagrave J, McDonald JD, Mauderly JL. In vitro versus in vivo exposure to combustion emissions. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 2005;57(Suppl 1):233-238. |
CR831455 (2006) CR831455 (Final) |
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Seagrave J, McDonald JD, Reed MD, Seilkop SK, Mauderly JL. Responses to subchronic inhalation of low concentrations of diesel exhaust and hardwood smoke measured in rat bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Inhalation Toxicology 2005;17(12):657-670. |
CR831455 (2004) CR831455 (2006) CR831455 (Final) |
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Seagrave J, Dunaway S, McDonald JD, Mauderly JL, Hayden P, Stidley C. Responses of differentiated primary human lung epithelial cells to exposure to diesel exhaust at an air-liquid interface. Experimental Lung Research 2007;33(1):27-51. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Seagrave J, Campen MJ, McDonald JD, Mauderly JL, Rohr AC. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and pulmonary function assessment in rats exposed to laboratory-generated pollutant mixtures. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 2008;71(20):1352-1362. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Seagrave J, Barr EB, March TH, Nikula KJ. Effects of cigarette smoke exposure and cessation on inflammatory cells and matrix metalloproteinase activity in mice. Experimental Lung Research 2004;30(1):1-15. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Tesfaigzi Y, Singh SP, Foster JE, Kubatko J, Barr EB, Fine PM, McDonald JD, Hahn FF, Mauderly JL. Health effects of subchronic exposure to low levels of wood smoke in rats. Toxicological Sciences 2002;65(1):115-125. |
CR831455 (Final) |
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Tesfaigzi Y, McDonald JD, Reed MD, Singh SP, De Sanctis GT, Eynott PR, Hahn FF, Campen MJ, Mauderly JL. Low-level subchronic exposure to wood smoke exacerbates inflammatory responses in allergic rats. Toxicological Sciences 2005;88(2):505-513. |
CR831455 (2006) CR831455 (Final) |
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Supplemental Keywords:
air pollution, engine emissions, gasoline, diesel, wood smoke, road dust, coal, particulate matter, inhalation, hazard assessment, lung, heart, RFA, Scientific Discipline, Health, Air, particulate matter, Environmental Chemistry, Health Risk Assessment, Epidemiology, Risk Assessments, Biology, copollutant exposures, fine particles, acute lung injury, airway epithelial cells, cardiopulmonary responses, epidemelogy, exposure, susceptible subpopulations, street dust, air pollution, endothelial function, diesel exhaust, chronic health effects, lung inflammation, oxidant gas, particulate exposure, human exposure, inhaled, Acute health effects, concentrated particulate matter, road dust, airborne urban contaminantsRelevant Websites:
Progress and Final Reports:
Original AbstractThe perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.