Grantee Research Project Results
2000 Progress Report: Epidemiologic Study of Particulate Matter and Cardiopulmonary Mortality
EPA Grant Number: R827355C001Subproject: this is subproject number 001 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R827355
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: Center for Air, Climate, and Energy Solutions
Center Director: Robinson, Allen
Title: Epidemiologic Study of Particulate Matter and Cardiopulmonary Mortality
Investigators: Kaufman, Joel D. , Sheppard, Lianne (Elizabeth) A. , Koenig, Jane Q. , Siscovick, David , Checkoway, Harvey
Current Investigators: Kaufman, Joel D. , Sheppard, Lianne (Elizabeth) A. , Karr, Catharine J. , Schreuder, Astrid , Siscovick, David , Sullivan, Jeff , Shepherd, Kristine , Miller, Kristine , Ishikawa, Naomi
Institution: University of Washington
EPA Project Officer: Chung, Serena
Project Period: June 1, 1999 through May 31, 2004 (Extended to May 31, 2006)
Project Period Covered by this Report: June 1, 2000 through May 31, 2001
Project Amount: Refer to main center abstract for funding details.
RFA: Airborne Particulate Matter (PM) Centers (1999) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Air Quality and Air Toxics , Particulate Matter , Air
Objective:
This project consists of two study designs addressing associations between ambient PM exposure and cardiorespiratory disease risks. The first design is a "case-crossover" study of roughly 1,100 out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) cases in Seattle. This design compares PM levels in the days immediately preceding SCA events with levels at previous reference time points. The second study, starting in the fall of 2001, will examine the chronic effects of exposure to ambient particulate matter in a multicity cohort being observed for the occurrence of cardiovascular disease.Progress Summary:
The second year of the project has been focused on completing the case-crossover analysis of sudden cardiac arrest in King County. Although our initial study of primary cardiac arrest using this methodology (Levy, 2001a; Levy, 2001b) involved 362 cases without any preexisting illness, this analysis uses a different and more heterogeneous sample of 1,206 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases in the Seattle region. More than one-half of these cases had preexisting cardiovascular disease.Jeffrey Sullivan, M.D., M.H.S., Senior Fellow, has taken a major role in conducting the analysis for this project. The tables that follow demonstrate the characteristics of the cases and the exposure information being used. The past year has involved preparation and cleaning of the case and exposure databases, and the case-crossover analysis is now ongoing. We anticipate completion of data analysis by early summer 2001. This likely will include incorporation of models with lags of 1- and 4-hours as recently reported by Peters and colleagues (Peters, 2001).
Table 1. 1,206 cases of SCA in King County and South Snohomish County 1985-95
Variable | Frequency (percent) |
Age (median) | 67.4 |
Female gender | 347/1206 (28.8%) |
Race (non-white) | 117/1206 (9.7%) |
Smoking (ever) | 721/1151 (62.6%) |
|
286 |
|
435 |
|
430 |
Complete data not available on all characteristics of all cases. |
Table 2. Clinical characteristics of 1,206 cases of sudden cardiac death
Variable | Frequency (percent) |
Heart disease | 660 |
|
355 |
|
274 |
|
48 |
|
33 |
|
140 |
|
85 |
|
380 |
|
304 |
|
554 |
|
391 |
|
164(afib) 47(flutter) |
|
43 |
|
24 |
Prior Stroke | 113 |
Hypercholesterolemia | 53 |
Diabetes | 235 |
|
224 |
|
11 |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 232 (117 with PFTs) |
Asthma | 110 |
Healthy | ? |
Table 3. Occurrence of cases by year
Year | Frequency | Percent | Cumulative |
1985 | 139 | 11.53 | 11.53 |
1986 | 141 | 11.69 | 23.22 |
1987 | 110 | 9.12 | 32.34 |
1988 | 115 | 9.54 | 41.87 |
1989 | 111 | 9.20 | 51.08 |
1990 | 121 | 10.03 | 61.11 |
1991 | 128 | 10.61 | 71.72 |
1992 | 95 | 7.88 | 79.60 |
1993 | 144 | 11.94 | 91.54 |
1994 | 102 | 8.46 | 100.00 |
Total | 1,206 | 100.00 |
Table 4. Descriptive statistics for pollutants (nephelometer, PM10, SO2, CO, temperature)
Variable | Units | N | Min | 10% | 25% | 50% | 75% | 90% | Max | Mean |
Neph | 10km-1 bsp | 5254 | .05 | .2257 | .3127 | .4790 | .8497 | 1.5000 | 5.99 | .7108 |
PM10 | µg/m3 | 1776 | 7.38 | 13.78 | 17.97 | 24.83 | 35.13 | 45.60 | 89.83 | 28.05 |
SO2 | ppm | 5069 | .00 | .002500 | .004872 | .007609 | .01042 | .01364 | .03 | .00797 |
CO | ppm | 5300 | .52 | 1.0208 | 1.2983 | 1.7083 | 2.2771 | 3.0083 | 7.56 | 1.9024 |
Temp | F | 5041 | 15.00 | 40.00 | 45.00 | 52.00 | 60.00 | 66.00 | 79.00 | 52.510 |
Future Activities:
Beginning in fall 2001, we will launch a new epidemiologic study of a multi-city cohort being observed for the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in a large number of cities with available PM monitoring data. We anticipate being able to study the effect of chronic exposure to ambient PM on incidence of cardiovascular disease in this cohort using a proportional hazards model approach.Journal Articles on this Report : 3 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
Other subproject views: | All 21 publications | 14 publications in selected types | All 14 journal articles |
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Other center views: | All 209 publications | 113 publications in selected types | All 109 journal articles |
Type | Citation | ||
---|---|---|---|
|
Levy D, Sheppard L, Checkoway H, Kaufman J, Lumley T, Koenig J, Siscovick D. A case-crossover analysis of particulate matter air pollution and out-of-hospital primary cardiac arrest. Epidemiology 2001;12(2):193-199. |
R827355 (2004) R827355 (Final) R827355C001 (2000) R827355C001 (2001) |
Exit Exit Exit |
|
Levy D, Lumley T, Sheppard L, Kaufman J, Checkoway H. Referent selection in case-crossover analyses of acute health effects of air pollution. Epidemiology 2001;12(2):186-192. |
R827355 (2004) R827355 (Final) R827355C001 (2000) R827355C001 (2001) R825173 (1999) R825173 (2000) |
Exit Exit Exit |
|
Lumley T, Sheppard L. Assessing seasonal confounding and model selection bias in air pollution epidemiology using positive and negative control analyses. Environmetrics 2000;11(6):705-717. |
R827355 (2001) R827355 (Final) R827355C001 (2000) R827355C001 (2001) R827355C009 (Final) R825173 (1999) |
Exit Exit |
Supplemental Keywords:
ambient particles, fine particles, combustion, health, exposure, biostatistics, susceptibility., RFA, Health, Scientific Discipline, PHYSICAL ASPECTS, Air, Geographic Area, particulate matter, Toxicology, air toxics, Environmental Chemistry, Health Risk Assessment, State, Epidemiology, Risk Assessments, Susceptibility/Sensitive Population/Genetic Susceptibility, Northwest, Biochemistry, Allergens/Asthma, Physical Processes, Atmospheric Sciences, Children's Health, genetic susceptability, indoor air, Incineration/Combustion, ambient air quality, health effects, risk assessment, particulates, biostatistics, asthma, ambient aerosol, sensitive populations, exposure and effects, health risks, air pollutants, morbidity, cardiopulmonary responses, human health effects, acute cardiovascular effects, animal model, airway disease, hazardous air pollutants, biological response, ambient air, exposure, combustion emissions, epidemelogy, air pollution, children, Human Health Risk Assessment, particle exposure, airway inflammation, human exposure, PAHs, atmospheric aerosols, ambient particle health effects, mortality studies, cardiopulmonary response, inhalation, children's vulnerablity, assessment of exposure, airborne pollutants, combustion, hydrocarbons, harmful environmental agents, epidemeology, human susceptibility, biological markers, incineration, mortality, California (CA), allergens, indoor air quality, aerosols, atmospheric chemistry, exposure assessment, environmental hazard exposures, toxics, air quality, particle transport, allergen, cardiovascular disease, human health risk, combustion contaminantsRelevant Websites:
http://depts.washington.edu/pmcenter/
Progress and Final Reports:
Original AbstractMain Center Abstract and Reports:
R827355 Center for Air, Climate, and Energy Solutions Subprojects under this Center: (EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R827355C001 Epidemiologic Study of Particulate Matter and Cardiopulmonary
Mortality
R827355C002 Health Effects
R827355C003 Personal PM Exposure Assessment
R827355C004 Characterization of Fine Particulate Matter
R827355C005 Mechanisms of Toxicity of Particulate Matter Using Transgenic Mouse Strains
R827355C006 Toxicology Project -- Controlled Exposure Facility
R827355C007 Health Effects Research Core
R827355C008 Exposure Core
R827355C009 Statistics and Data Core
R827355C010 Biomarker Core
R827355C011 Oxidation Stress Makers
The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.
Project Research Results
- Final Report
- 2004
- 2003 Progress Report
- 2002 Progress Report
- 2001 Progress Report
- 1999 Progress Report
- Original Abstract
14 journal articles for this subproject
Main Center: R827355
209 publications for this center
109 journal articles for this center