Exposure and Human Health Reassessment of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) and Related Compounds National Academy Sciences (NAS) Review Draft

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Part I: Estimating Exposure to Dioxin-Like Compounds

Volume 1: Sources of Dioxin-Like Compounds in the United States

• Table of Contents (PDF) (23 pp, 406KB)
• Chapter 1: Background and Summary (PDF) (55 pp, 2.52MB)
• Chapter 2: Mechanisms of Formation of Dioxin-Like Compounds During Combustion of Organic Materials (PDF) (39 pp, 337KB)
• Chapter 3: Combustion Sources of CDD/CDF: Waste Incineration (PDF) (91 pp, 1.96MB)
• Chapter 4: Combustion Sources of CDD/CDF: Power/Energy Generation (PDF) (70 pp, 1.68MB)
• Chapter 5: Combustion Sources of CDD/CDF: Other High Temperature Sources (PDF) (44 pp, 1.11MB)
• Chapter 6: Combustion Sources of CDD/CDF: Minimally Controlled and Uncontrolled Combustion Sources (PDF) (26 pp, 410KB)
• Chapter 7: Metal Smelting and Refining Sources of CDD/CDF (PDF) (46 pp, 1.0MB)
• Chapter 8: Chemical Manufacturing and Processing Sources (PDF) (93 pp, 2.22MB)
• Chapter 9: Biological Sources of CDD/CDF (PDF) (7 pp, 73KB)
• Chapter 10: Photochemical Sources of CDD/CDF (PDF) (7 pp, 81KB)
• Chapter 11: Sources of Dioxin-Like PCBs (PDF) (52 pp, 1.22MB)
• Chapter 12: Reservoir Sources of CDD/CDF and Dioxin-Like PCBs (PDF) (34 pp, 587KB)
• Chapter 13: Ball Clay (PDF) (7 pp, 118KB)
• References (PDF) (64 pp, 346KB)

Volume 2: Properties, Environmental Levels, and Background Exposures

• Table of Contents (PDF) (15 pp, 342KB)
• Chapter 1: Introduction (PDF) (37 pp, 254KB)
• Chapter 2: Physical and Chemical Properties and Fate (PDF) (114 pp, 1.25MB)
• Chapter 3: Levels of CDD, CDF, and PCB Congeners in Environmental Media and Food (PDF) (204 pp, 3.24MB)
• Chapter 4: Human Exposure to CDD, CDF, and PCB Congeners (PDF) (146 pp, 3.9MB)
• Chapter 5: Potentially Elevated Exposures (PDF) (68 pp, 1.15MB)
• Chapter 6: Temporal Trends (PDF) (54 pp, 739KB)
• Appendix A: Environmental Chemistry (PDF) (21 pp, 1.68MB)
• Appendix B: Environmental Concentrations (PDF) (300 pp, 7.0MB)
• Appendix C: Bioavailability of Dioxin (PDF) (23 pp, 134KB)

Volume 3: Site-Specific Assessment Procedures

• Table of Contents (PDF) (15 pp, 216KB)
• Chapter 1: Introduction (PDF) (56 pp, 448KB)
• Chapter 2: Estimating Exposure and Risks (PDF) (49 pp, 355KB)
• Chapter 3: Evaluating Atmospheric Releases of Dioxin-Like Compounds From Combustion Sources (PDF) (83 pp, 1.55MB)
• Chapter 4: Estimating Exposure Media Concentrations (PDF) (148 pp, 1.9MB)
• Chapter 5: Demonstration of Methodology (PDF) (50 pp, 593KB)
• Chapter 6: User Considerations (PDF) (59 pp, 1.17MB)
• Chapter 7: Model Comparisons and Model Validations (PDF) (175 pp, 2.42MB)
• Chapter 8: Uncertainty (PDF) (54 pp, 421KB)

Part II: Health Assessment of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) and Related Compounds

• Chapter 1: Disposition and Pharmacokinetics (PDF) (114 pp, 1.33MB)
• Chapter 2: Mechanism(s) of Action (PDF) (48 pp, 250KB)
• Chapter 3: Acute, Subchronic, and Chronic Toxicity(PDF) (57 pp, 399KB)
• Chapter 4: Immunotoxicity (PDF) (54 pp, 375KB)
• Chapter 5: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity (PDF) (134 pp, 882KB)
• Chapter 6: Carcinogenicity of TCDD in Animals (PDF) (62 pp, 534KB)
• Chapter 7: Epidemiology/ Human Data
  • Part A: Cancer Effects (PDF) (103 pp, 967KB)
  • Part B: Effects Other than Cancer (PDF) (215 pp, 2.75MB)
• Chapter 8: Dose-Response Modeling for 2,3,7,8-TCDD (PDF) (128 pp, 2.39MB)
• Chapter 9: Toxicity Equivalence Factors (TEF) for Dioxin and Related Compounds(PDF) (64 pp, 428KB)

Part III: Integrated Summary and Risk Characterization for 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) and Related Compounds

• Full Document (Table of Contents, all Chapters & Appendices) (PDF) (264 pp, 3.09MB)
  
  
• Table of Contents (PDF) (14 pp, 214KB)
• Chapter 1: Introduction (PDF) (23 pp, 311KB)
• Chapter 2: Effects Summary (PDF) (48 pp, 502KB)
• Chapter 3: Mechanisms and Mode of Dioxin Action (PDF) (15 pp, 165KB)
• Chapter 4: Exposure Characterization (PDF) (40 pp, 986KB)
• Chapter 5: Dose-Response Characterization (PDF) (42 pp, 712KB)
• Chapter 6: Risk Characterization (PDF) (34 pp, 226KB)
• Appendix A (PDF) (12 pp, 495KB)
• Glossary (PDF) (6 pp, 103KB)
• References (PDF) (30 pp, 278KB)