Office of Research and Development Publications

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There is growing interest in understanding how maternal diet might affect the sensitivity of offspring to environmental exposures. Previous studies demonstrated that adult rat offspring (approximately 6-months-old) from dams given a high-fat diet (HFD) prior to, during, and after...

The evidence that epigenomic modification by environmental factors can pose significant public health risks is substantial. Epigenomic modification can include a wide variety of health effects. Exposures during sensitive life stages (i.e., fetus, neonates and young children) may ...

Environmental dredging at select site locations was performed within the lower Ottawa River, a portion of the Maumee River Area of Concern (Ohio, USA), in 2010 to remediate sediments contaminated with PCBs, PAHs, and lead. Prior to dredging, we designed a multi-metric study to as...

EPA H2O is an open source Geographic Information System (GIS) based demonstration tool, used for assessing Ecosystem Services (ES) at local to regional scales. EPA H2O was developed as a preliminary assessment tool in support of research being conducted in the Tampa Bay, FL USA w...

The EPA has begun to identify and define methodologies for developing maps and mapping tools that allow for an assessment of the health impacts of extreme heat on vulnerable populations. Maps can serve as powerful tools for analysis and communication. They reveal complex spatial ...

Climate change is already affecting cities and urbanized regions bringing growing attention to current and future climate effects on urban ecosystems and biodiversity. Almost all of the impacts of climate change have direct or indirect consequences for urban ecosystems, biodivers...

Natural capital accounting is a method of assessing the contribution of ecosystems to the economy, making the links between natural and economic systems more clear. While the System of Environmental-Economic Accounts’ Central Framework (developed by the U.N. and other inter...

The nation’s economic accounts provide objective, regular, and standardized information routinely relied upon by public and private decision makers. But they are incomplete. The U.S. and many other nations currently do not account for the natural capital — such as the...

In July 2018, EPA released the <i>IRIS Assessment Plan (IAP) for Naphthalene</i> for public review and comment. An IRIS Assessment Plan (IAP) communicates to the public the plan for assessing each individual chemical and includes summary information on the IRIS Program’s scoping...

Wildland fires and the subsequent smoke and ash can impact water infrastructure, source water, and surface water. There are various aspects of these impacts that are relevant to ORD research. Some of those research questions are captured in the presentation.

This presentation starts with a background on why wildland fires is an important to EPA and the agency mission. Then it goes into the various impacts from wildland fires, and then covers the highlights of various research activities on the topic.

In recent years, fluorotelomer-based polymers (FTPs) have been the dominant product of the fluorotelomer industry. For the last decade, whether FTPs degrade to toxic perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) has been vigorously contested, with early studies arguing that FTPs have half-lives ...

Understanding the risks of biological invasion posed by ballast water—whether in the context of compliance testing, routine monitoring, or basic research—is fundamentally an exercise in biodiversity assessment, and as such should take advantage of the best tools available for tac...

Riparian reforestation is a common restoration action in urban streams, but relatively little is known about the influence of local riparian vegetation in the face of watershed-scale urban land cover. Allochthonous organic matter and benthic algae are important basal energy resou...

Surface water conductivity measurements were used to evaluate the combined contribution of anions in western Pennsylvania from brines discharged by sources such as oil and gas wastewater treatment, coal-fired power plants, and coal mining activities. Conductivity sensor data were...

Metallic nanoparticles (NPs), the most abundant nanomaterials in consumer and industrial products, are the most probable class to enter and potentially affect the environment. In this study, wetland-derived microcosms were incubated with copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP) and ionic CuC...

In this study, we investigated gene expression changes in three bacterial strains (Escherichia coli C3000, Escherichia coli O157:H7 B6914, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212), commonly used as indicators of water quality and as control strains in clinical, food, and water micro...

A method for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in caulk was developed. This method was evaluated by application to a combination of 47 samples of caulk, glazing materials, and including quality control samples, from four schools in the northeastern area of the...

Because Clostridium perfringens spores are both specific to sewage contamination and environmentally stable, they are considered as possible conservative indicators of human fecal contamination and possible surrogates for environmentally stable pathogens. This review discusses th...

Purpose of Review:&nbsp;&nbsp;Urea has been utilized as a reductant in diesel fuels to lower emission of nitrogen oxides, igniting interest in probable human health hazards associated with exposure to exogenous urea. Here, we summarize and update key findings on potential health ...

Presentation

Many urban infrastructure systems are operating beyond their original design life and will need to be upgraded, costing billions of dollars over many decades. Municipalities rely heavily on software such as the USEPA’s Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to simulate stormwater a...

This session presents several EPA efforts to support public health officials in reducing risks from wildland fire smoke. To respond to the critical need for better information on air quality during wildfires, EPA staff will discuss several EPA programs. The redesigned AirNow webs...

This presentation is an overview of in situ thermal remediation technologies that are used to remediate organic contaminants from soils and groundwater. The thermal technologies to be covered include steam enhanced extraction, electrical resistance...

Eight software applications are compared for their performance in estimating the octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow), melting point, vapor pressure and water solubility for a dataset of polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated dibenzodioxin...