Record Display for the EPA National Library Catalog
RECORD NUMBER: 624 OF 2477Main Title | Determination of Radium Removal Efficiencies in Iowa Water Supply Treatment Processes. | |||||||||||
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Author | Schliekelman., R. J. ; | |||||||||||
CORP Author | Iowa Dept. of Environmental Quality, Des Moines.;Office of Radiation Programs, Washington, D.C. Technology Assessment Div.;Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio. Radiochemistry and Nuclear Engineering Branch. | |||||||||||
Year Published | 1976 | |||||||||||
Report Number | EPA-68-03-0491; ORP/TAD-76-1; | |||||||||||
Stock Number | PB-259 509 | |||||||||||
Additional Subjects | Radioactive contaminants ; Water supply ; Water treatment ; Radium ; Municipalities ; Potable water ; Radium isotopes ; Operating costs ; Natural radioactivity ; Maintenance ; Water wells ; Sandstones ; Osmosis ; Filtration ; Sodium ; Ion exchanging ; Lime soda ash process ; Iowa ; Radium 226 | |||||||||||
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Collation | 212p | |||||||||||
Abstract | The study included sampling and analysis of waters from nine municipal water treatment plants in the state of Iowa to determine the efficiency of radium-226 removal in a variety of treatment processes and to provide cost data for these processes. Supplies with a high naturally occurring radium content over 5 pCi/l in Jordan and Dakota sandstone formation well waters were selected and included four different treatment processes: reverse osmosis, iron removal filtration, sodium ion exchange, and lime-soda ash softening. Analyses were performed to determine radium, hardness, and other parameters on the well water and removals of these parameters through the treatment process. Radium-226 removals through the reverse osmosis, sodium ion exchange, and lime-soda ash softening plants were in the range of 95% removal. Radium removals in the iron removal plants ranged from 12 to 38%. |