Main Title |
Transportation controls to reduce automobile use and improve air quality in cities : the need, the options, and effects on urban activity / |
Author |
Horowitz, Joel L. ;
Kuhrtz., Steven
|
Other Authors |
|
CORP Author |
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Office of Air and Waste Management. |
Publisher |
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Waste Management, |
Year Published |
1974 |
Report Number |
EPA-400/11-74-002 |
Stock Number |
PB-240 006 |
OCLC Number |
01507039 |
Subjects |
Air quality management--United States ;
Transportation, Automotive--United States
|
Additional Subjects |
Automobiles ;
Urban transportation ;
Air pollution abatement ;
Urban planning ;
Standards ;
Motor vehicles ;
Air pollution control ;
Mass transportation ;
Parking facilities ;
Buses(Vehicles) ;
Air quality maintenance ;
Motor vehicle inspection ;
Retrofit devices ;
Carpools ;
Automobile usage ;
Public transportation usage
|
Internet Access |
|
Holdings |
Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last Modified |
Checkout Status |
EJBD |
EPA 400-11-74-002 |
|
Headquarters Library/Washington,DC |
03/07/2014 |
EKBD |
EPA-400/11-74-002 |
|
Research Triangle Park Library/RTP, NC |
12/14/2001 |
ELBD ARCHIVE |
EPA 400-11-74-002 |
Received from HQ |
AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH |
10/04/2023 |
ERAD |
EPA 400/11-74-002 |
|
Region 9 Library/San Francisco,CA |
05/23/2013 |
NTIS |
PB-240 006 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
Collation |
vi, 69 pages ; 28 cm |
Abstract |
The report discusses the problem of implementing the national air quality standards in certain metropolitan areas. This will require reductions in automobile emissions greater than those achievable by new car emissions controls, inspection/maintenance, and retrofit. Accordingly, transportation controls to reduce automobile emissions by reducing automobile use have been developed and are being implemented in the affected areas. The approaches to reducing automobile use most frequently used are transit improvements, carpooling programs, and parking restrictions. Programs that combine all three approaches could reduce automobile emissions by as much as 30 percent through diversion of automobile drivers to transit and carpools. However, because of the cost disadvantages created by the underpricing of automobile use, programs not incorporating parking restrictions or other disincentives to low-occupancy automobile travel are unlikely to achieve emissions reductions greater than 5 to 10 percent. |
Notes |
"EPA-400/11-74-002." Includes bibliographical references. |