Abstract |
This subject was comprised of three basic subareas, i.e., combined-sewer overflows (CSO), sanitary-sewer overflows (SS O), and stormwater discharges. Major conference proceedings reated to wet-weather flow (WWF) published during 1999 were: (1) National Conference on Retrofit Opportunities for Water Resource Protection in Urban Environments (EPA, 1999); (2) Comprehensive Stormwater & Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Auckland, New Zealand (NZWWA, 1999); (3) the Eighth International Conference on Urban Storm Drainage, Sydney, Australia (Joliffe and Ball, 1999); (4) Water Environment Federation 72nd Annual Conference and Exposition, New Orleans, LA (WEF, 1999); (5) American Society of Civil Engineers 26th Annual Conference, Water Resources Planning and Management, Tempe, Arizona (ASCE, 1999); (6) American Water Resources Association 1999 Annual Water Resources Conference - Watershed Management to Protect Declining Species, Seattle, WA (AWRA, 1999); and (7) New Applications in Modeling Urban Water Systems, Guelph, Canada (James, 1999). Sullivan and Field (1999) presented an overview of the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) WWF research program, which was expanded in October 1995 with the establishment of the Urban Watershed Management Branch at Edison, New Jersey. Research priorities for 1999 were presented as well as efforts to collaborate with other government organizations and professional societies. Watershed management research at ORD 's National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) addressed the following question: what effective watershed management strategies we re available and how d o communities select the most appropriate subset from these to match specific watershed needs. (Borst and O'Shea, 1999). Heaney et al. (1999a) presented the results of a national assessment of research needs in urban WWF management. Three interrelated categories of urban WW F management were discussed: CSO , SSO, and urban stormwater discharges. |