Main Title |
Emissions from Refinery Process Heaters Equipped with Low-NOx Burners. |
Author |
Todona, R. J. ;
Buening, H. J. ;
Hart, J. R. ;
|
CORP Author |
KVB, Inc., Irvine, CA.;Industrial Environmental Research Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC. |
Year Published |
1981 |
Report Number |
EPA-68-02-2645; EPA-600/7-81-169; |
Stock Number |
PB82-231838 |
Additional Subjects |
Refineries ;
Burners ;
Nitrogen oxides ;
Air pollution control ;
Performance evaluation ;
Industrial wastes ;
Combustion products ;
Particles ;
Comparison ;
Sites ;
Air pollution sampling ;
Emission factors
|
Holdings |
Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last Modified |
Checkout Status |
NTIS |
PB82-231838 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
Collation |
183p |
Abstract |
The report summarizes an investigation of the performance of commercial low-NOx burners in refinery process heaters. Refineries in Southern and Central California were surveyed to determine the number of existing or planned low-NOx burners. Tests on 10 process heaters equipped with low NOx burners measured gaseous emissions, particulates, and efficiencies at normal operating conditions. As-found NOx emissions increased from 58 to 245 ng/J as fuel-bound nitrogen increased from zero to 0.81%. In most cases, NOx concentrations were strongly influenced by excess air levels. Reducing excess air to 3-4% reduced NOx to 34-200 ng/J, depending on fuel nitrogen. Comparisons of present emissions data with past field test data for refinery heaters equipped with standard burners showed that (for mechanical-draft gas-fired heaters) low-NOx burners may reduce the NOx emission factor by 32-77% below the mean emission factor for standard burners. Three heaters (one firing gas; one, distillate oil; and one, residual oil) were selected as the most suitable candidates for 30-day continuous monitoring of gaseous emissions. |