Grantee Research Project Results

2006 Progress Report: Effect of Diesel Exhaust Particulate Exposures on Endothelial Function in Humans: The Role of Oxidative Stress

EPA Grant Number: R830954
Title: Effect of Diesel Exhaust Particulate Exposures on Endothelial Function in Humans: The Role of Oxidative Stress
Investigators: Kaufman, Joel D. , Sheppard, Lianne (Elizabeth) A. , Larson, Timothy V. , Leotta, Daniel , Gill, Edward , Sullivan, Jeff
Current Investigators: Kaufman, Joel D. , Sheppard, Lianne (Elizabeth) A. , Koenig, Jane Q. , Larson, Timothy V. , Trenga, Carol , Leotta, Daniel , Gill, Edward , Sullivan, Jeff , Yost, Michael , Chandler, Wayne
Institution: University of Washington
EPA Project Officer: Chung, Serena
Project Period: August 15, 2003 through August 14, 2006 (Extended to August 14, 2008)
Project Period Covered by this Report: August 15, 2005 through August 14,2006
Project Amount: $1,036,972
RFA: Airborne Particulate Matter Health Effects: Cardiovascular Mechanisms (2002) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Particulate Matter , Air Quality and Air Toxics , Human Health , Air

Objective:

Diesel exhaust particulate is a substantial and biologically active fraction of urban ambient fine particulate air pollution, which is associated with increases in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This project addresses the overall hypothesis that ambient fine particulate matter exerts cardiovascular health effects via alteration of endothelial homeostasis, through a mechanism mediated by oxidative stress. These studies use a controlled human inhalation exposure to diesel exhaust as an experimental model exposure for ambient fine particulate, to address the following objectives: 1) Determine whether exposure to inhaled diesel exhaust (DE) is associated with endothelial dysfunction in a concentration-related manner; 2) Determine whether exposure to inhaled DE is associated with evidence of systemic oxidative stress; and 3) Determine whether antioxidant supplementation blunts the DE effect on endothelial function.

Progress Summary:

The diesel exposure facility is functioning according to specifications. Between September 2005 and April 2006, 11 individuals with metabolic syndrome completed the study, resulting in a total of 23 participants in experiments 1 and 2. We completed data analyses for these two experiments, and concluded that exposure to diesel exhaust impacts both brachial artery diameter and plasma concentrations of endothelin-1. In addition, we began experiment 3, during which we will examine whether supplementation with antioxidant can alter the effect of DE on endothelial function and oxidative stress. Between May 2006 and August 2006, 13 individuals were enrolled in experiment 3, and 20 exposure sessions were carried out.

Future Activities:

Completion of experiment 3 to evaluate whether antioxidant supplementation can alter the effect of diesel exhaust on endothelial function and oxidative stress. Completion of data analysis from this experiment, and full reporting from all three experiments.

Journal Articles:

No journal articles submitted with this report: View all 33 publications for this project

Supplemental Keywords:

ambient air, human health, dose-response, mobile sources, RFA, Health, Air, Scientific Discipline, HUMAN HEALTH, Susceptibility/Sensitive Population/Genetic Susceptibility, Health Risk Assessment, Risk Assessments, particulate matter, Biology, genetic susceptability, mobile sources, Environmental Chemistry, Exposure, air toxics, inhaled, air quality, environmental hazard exposures, inhaled pollutants, sensitive populations, diesel exhaust, DEP, fine particles, lung inflammation, oxidant gas, co-pollutants, acute lung injury, endothelial function, mortality, engine exhaust, cardiopulmonary responses, particulate exposure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, morbidity, diesel exhaust particulate, Acute health effects, airway epithelial cells, copollutant exposures, cardiotoxicity, acute exposure, chronic health effects, susceptible subpopulations, concentrated particulate matter, air contaminant exposure, toxics, atmospheric particulate matter, heart rate, air pollution, highrisk groups, human susceptibility, airborne urban contaminants, biomarker, cardiovascular disease, cardiopulmonary, ambient particle pollution, PM 2.5, cardiopulmonary response, automotive exhaust, diesel engines

Relevant Websites:

http://depts.washington.edu/envhlth/nlakeexplab/ Exit

Progress and Final Reports:

Original Abstract

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.