Grantee Research Project Results
2020 Progress Report: A Sustainable Center for Crowd-Sourced Water Infrastructure Modeling
EPA Grant Number: R835950Center: Gulf Coast HSRC (Lamar)
Center Director: Ho, Tho C.
Title: A Sustainable Center for Crowd-Sourced Water Infrastructure Modeling
Investigators: Hodges, Ben R. , Cleveland, Theodore G. , Barrett, Michael E. , Ames, Daniel P. , Leite, Fernanda , Berglund, Emily , Urbonas, Ben , Pechacek, Linda D , Brashear, Bob
Current Investigators: Hodges, Ben R. , Cleveland, Theodore G. , Barrett, Michael E. , Ames, Daniel P. , Leite, Fernanda , Berglund, Emily , Urbonas, Ben , Brashear, Bob , Rowney, A. Charles
Institution: The University of Texas at Austin , Brigham Young University , North Carolina State University , Texas State University , Urban Watersheds Research Institute , University of Washington - Tacoma Branch
Current Institution: Brigham Young University , The University of Texas at Austin , North Carolina State University , Texas Tech University , Urban Watersheds Research Institute
EPA Project Officer: Packard, Benjamin H
Project Period: September 1, 2016 through August 31, 2021 (Extended to August 31, 2023)
Project Period Covered by this Report: September 1, 2019 through August 31,2020
Project Amount: $3,999,803
RFA: National Center for Sustainable Water Infrastructure Modeling Research (2014) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Water , Water Quality
Objective:
Project Title: New linear approximation for solving the network water flow problem
Objective of Research: Develop new linear approximation for solving the network water flow
and state estimation problems
Project Title: Hedging for privacy in smart
Objective of Research: Develop a privacy preserving system to hedge for privacy in smart water
meters water meters
Project Title: Mining pressure transients from high frequency pressure sensors.
Objective of Research: Discover new methods for evaluating pressure transients in water
distribution systems.
Project Title: Impact of water saving scenarios on performance of urban water systems
Objective of Research: Evaluate how changing water demand affects water distribution system
operational metrics.
Project Title: Water quality modeling in distribution networks
Objective of Research: Develop water quality model for dead-end branches in water distribution
systems.
Project Title: Flint water crisis
Objective of Research: Examine trends in recovery from lead contamination after remediation
interventions.
Project Title: Pipe failure modeling and analysis
Objective of Research: Develop computational framework for water distribution infrastructure
asset management to predict pipe failure.
Project Title: Improved hydraulic network solver for SWMM
Objective of Research: Develop an approach to solving the Saint-Venant equations for open channel
sewer network flow that can be used for massively parallel computers.
Project Title: Automated calibration of SWMM
Objective of Research: Develop and automated calibration tool for SWMM
Project Title: Parallel solver for transient analyses
Objective of Research: Develop an efficient parallel solver for transient analyses in complex networks.
Project Title: Outreach to the SWMM and EPANET communities
Objective of Research: Build the foundations for a sustainable community of model developers and users.
Project Title: On-line implementation of models for training
Objective of Research: Develop and deploy a software-as-a-service implementation of EPANET/SWMM for on-line access and running of the codes for training purposes.
Project Title: Community web portal and model repository
Objective of Research: Develop a web-centered community for SWMM and EPANET
Progress Summary:
PROJECTS COMLETED AS OF FY20
New linear approximation for solving the network water flow problem
Addressing challenges in urban water infrastructure systems, including aging infrastructure, supply uncertainty, extreme events, and security threats, depends highly on water distribution networks modeling emphasizing the importance of realistic assumptions, modeling complexities, and scalable solutions. In this study, we propose a derivative‐free, linear approximation for solving the network water flow problem. The proposed approach takes advantage of the special form of the nonlinear head loss equations, and, after the transformation of variables and constraints, the water flow problem reduces to a linear optimization problem that can be efficiently solved by modern linear solvers. Ultimately, the proposed approach amounts to solving a series of linear optimization problems. We demonstrate the proposed approach through several case studies and show that the approach can model arbitrary network topologies and various types of valves and pumps, thus providing modeling flexibility. Under mild conditions, we show that the proposed linear approximation converges. We provide sensitivity analysis and discuss in detail the current limitations of our approach and suggest solutions to overcome these. All the codes, tested networks, and results are freely available on Github for research reproducibility. This project was completed in FY20 except for revisions of manuscripts that are under review and should be completed in FY21.
Hedging for privacy in smart water meters
Smart water meters at household connections are being installed in large numbers throughout the world due to the benefits they are expected to bring to the water utilities and water consumers. Smart metering provides high‐resolution readings and promises benefits to the water utilities, such as demand forecasting, regulating time‐of‐use watering, and making intelligent operation and planning decisions. For the consumers, smart metering promises improved billing and demand reduction by providing detailed and timely information about their water use and early notification of possible water leaks in their premises. However, the fine‐grained information collected by smart meters raises growing concerns of privacy invasion due to personal behavior exposure (private activity, daily routine, etc.). Nevertheless, there is no readily available technology for protecting water consumers from revealing their in‐home private activities.
Thus, a viable argument in favor of smart metering technologies will not be possible without proactively accounting for the associated privacy challenges. Here, we present a practical technology coupling a dedicated apparatus with a control model for increasing personal privacy. We quantify the level of privacy achieved using information‐theoretic criterion and an empirically based occupancy detection method between the smart meter readings and actual water use. Furthermore, we evaluate and compare privacy protection using the best effort approach previously developed for masking activities revealed from smart electricity meters. The main results reveal that simple control actions can disguise personal behavior patterns and, thus, hedge against privacy breach in smart water meters. Furthermore, we quantify the trade‐off between the size of the apparatus and the level of privacy protection it provides. Our results demonstrate how “privacy friendly” smart water metering technology could be implemented in real‐life systems and reduce the privacy concerns of water consumers. This project was completed in FY20, and we are using it in FY21 as a foundation for proposals to other agencies that will build upon and extend the research.
Smart water meters at household connections are being installed in large numbers throughout the world due to the benefits they are expected to bring to the water utilities and water consumers. Smart metering provides high‐resolution readings and promises benefits to the water utilities, such as demand forecasting, regulating time‐of‐use watering, and making intelligent operation and planning decisions. For the consumers, smart metering promises improved billing and demand reduction by providing detailed and timely information about their water use and early notification of possible water leaks in their premises. However, the fine‐grained information collected by smart meters raises growing concerns of privacy invasion due to personal behavior exposure (private activity, daily routine, etc.). Nevertheless, there is no readily available technology for protecting water consumers from revealing their in‐home private activities.
Mining pressure transients from high frequency pressure sensors
Pressure transients have been identified as one of the major contributing factors in many pipe failures in water distribution systems (WDSs). The behavior of these pressure transients is largely unknown and cannot be fully assessed by numerical simulation or modeling. This study investigates the behavior of pressure transients in WDSs as measured by high-frequency pressure sensors. A Time Series Data Mining (TSDM) approach is proposed to detect and cluster pressure transients to reveal recurrent and consistent patterns. The proposed technique, based on a modified two-sided cumulative sum (CUSUM) algorithm, is used to detect pressure transients. Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is adopted to measure the similarity between the detected pressure transients, and k-means clustering algorithm is used to discover the characteristic patterns. Several performance scores are suggested to evaluate the quality of the clustering results, including sum of squared error, Silhouette index, and Calinski-Harabaz index. Results demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to reveal consistent and unique patterns across multiple sensing locations. The proposed approach provides a fast and efficient way to discover the hidden in-formation in WDSs by analyzing high-frequency pressure signals from distributed sensors. This project was completed in FY19.
Impact of water saving scenarios on performance of urban water systems
Concerns over the impacts of urban growth have prompted the development and adoption of water-demand management strategies. Water and energy savings from increasingly efficient technologies, diversified water sources, and water savings policies are typically quantified from an individual demand-side basis, but network-wide potential is not well studied. This work studies the effects of residential demand profiles on the performance of urban water networks, in response to emerging demand management strategies. Hydraulic simulations were conducted to assess the performance of base and conservation demand scenarios. Five metrics of network performance are suggested to evaluate responses to scenarios: water loss, water age, peak flow, energy input, and loss. The results revealed that network performance for energy and flow metrics improved under the conservation scenario; however, the conservation scenario had a negative impact on water age and losses throughout the network. The results indicate that the potential benefits from these demand profiles cannot be fully realized without adjustments in network operation and may come at a cost in terms of water quality. This work provides an approach for evaluating network-wide effects of demand management strategies. This project was completed in FY20.
Water quality modeling in distribution networks
This work introduces WUDESIM, an open-source C/C++ toolkit for modeling water quality in the dead-end branches of drinking water distribution networks. WUDESIM is linked to the programmers’ toolkit of EPANET, a widely-used public-domain water network analysis model. In place of the advection-based water quality module in EPANET, WUDESIM allows the users to simulate water quality in the pipes of dead-end branches with dispersion as a constituent transport mechanism. In addition, WUDESIM corrects for the simulation errors that arise from the spatial aggregation of water demands due to network skeletonization, and enables the users to use stochastically-generated water demands at fine time-scales. The software comprises two components: a Windows® executable file and a C/C++ dynamic link library (DLL) toolkit. Examples of how the users can employ the different toolkit functions to run water quality analysis and obtain simulation results are provided. WUDESIM is available as a public-domain software. This project was completed with both journal articles and software published in FY20.
Flint water crisis
In the aftermath of the lead contamination crisis that plagued the water system in Flint, MI, more than 35,000 water samples were collected from the city’s premises. The majority of these samples (>85%) were collected through a voluntary crowdsourced sampling campaign. The samples were analyzed for lead and copper concentrations by the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ). In this study, the crowdsourced sampling data is analyzed by means of spatial autocorrelation analysis to reveal the locations of statistically significant hotspot regions of high water-lead -evels (WLLs), and to track the spatiotemporal evolution of the WLLs as the city recovered from the lead contamination crisis. The results showed that hotspot regions that experienced high WLLs were consistent with the areas where lead service line (LSL) density is the highest. Yet, galvanized service lines and other lead-containing plumbing components may have also contributed to lead release in hotspot premises. The temporal trend exhibited by the crowdsourced sampling data did not reflect a consistent decrease in the sampled WLLs despite the interventions implemented by MDEQ and EPA. Instead, sampled WLLs remained high for several months after boosting the orthophosphate dose and launching a city-wide residential flushing campaign. The findings of this study suggest that this could be partially attributed to the disproportionate sampling from hotspot premises of high WLLs and LSL density. This project was completed in FY20.
Review of WDSA water security
This study reviewed the literature to report on the state-of-the-art in modeling methodologies that have been developed to support the security of water distribution systems. First, we reviewed the major activities that are outlined in the emergency management framework; activities include risk assessment, mitigation, emergency preparedness, response, and recovery. We reviewed simulation approaches and prototype software tools that have been developed by government agencies and research for assessing and mitigating four threat modes, including contamination events, physical destruction, interconnected infrastructure cascading failures, and cybernetic attacks. Modeling tools were mapped to emergency management activities, and analysis of research is provided to group studies based on methodologies that are used and developed to support emergency management activities. Recommendations were made for research needs that will contribute to the enhancement of the security of water distribution systems. This project was completed in FY20 with the publication of the review paper.
Extending the capabilities of EPANET user interface with plugin tools
Simulation of water distribution systems is crucial for the planning, management, operations, and control of municipal water systems. EPANET has been extensively used in a range of design, operation, and management problems that require hydraulic and water quality simulations. Multiple demand conditions, planning scenarios, and various computational methods for integrating with external data sources and programming tools are common challenges to water community that are not directly addressed in the current EPANET software. The US EPA has recently focused on developing an open source modular and extensible user interface, which allows plug-in and scripting support, such that new applications can be integrated and shared within the EPANET environment. In this study, we develop and test the new plugin environment compatible with the new EPANET user interface (UI). To test the new plugin environment of EPANET UI, two plugins were developed in Python scripting language: (1) optimal network design using genetic algorithms and (2) integration of the Water Network Tool for Resilience (WNTR) developed by Sandia National Labs for pressure driven analysis. The EPANET user can add the new plugins to the main EPANET UI screen and select to solve the optimal design problem using genetic algorithms optimization approach. additionally, the user can choose to perform the default demand-driven hydraulic simulation currently implemented in EPANET or choose to perform the pressure-driven hydraulic simulation, which is offered by the WNTR simulation toolkit. This project was completed in FY19.
Exploring the Operational Effects of Gentrification on Water Networks
Gentrification can have a negative impact on the operation of the water network -- unless operational adjustments are made corresponding to changing human-infrastructure interactions. A pump upgrade, if existing pumps working at full capacity, would be required. Utilities, which often anticipate changes in the network due to total population increases, would also benefit from an assessment of human-infrastructure interactions such as that occur with gentrification. This project was completed in FY18.
Design and Development of a Web-Based EPANET Model Catalog and Execution Environment
This project involves design and implementation of a model-sharing repository and a model-viewing application, specifically for the EPANET modeling community – the pattern and structure of which could be easily adopted by any modeling community – using existing open source cyberinfrastructure. We used HydroShare as the backend data store for the EPANET model program, model instances, and metadata, and we used the rapid app development capabilities of Tethys Platform framework to create a web-based front-end for the repository and viewer. Results of this experimental work include a functional model repository based on less than 700 lines of code and a light-weight model viewer application that encompasses nearly 100% of the legacy EPANET desktop GUI’s functionality. The tools developed in this project are live for testing at https://tethys.byu.edu/ and the source code is all provided in the open source repository at https://github.com/BYU-Hydroinformatics/tethysapp-epanet_model_repository and https://github.com/BYU-Hydroinformatics/tethysapp-epanet_model_viewer. This project was substantially completed in FY20, but there is ongoing work in FY21 to revise publications that are in review.
PROJECTS ONGOING IN FY21
Pipe failure modeling and analysis
Pipe failures in water distribution infrastructure (WDI) have significant economic, environmental, and public health impacts. To alleviate these impacts, repair and replacement decisions need to be prioritized in order to effectively reduce pipe failure rates. Computational frameworks for WDI asset management have been developed that couple spatial clustering analysis with predictive modeling of pipe failures. The first part of this project focused on adopting clustering algorithms to explore spatial and spatiotemporal patterns exhibited by pipe failure. This was done by: (1) implementing spatiotemporal scan statistics for the identification of density-based clusters of failure events; and (2) applying local indicators of spatial association to identify statistically significant hotspot and coldspot clusters of exceptionally high and low pipe failure rates. The second part involved developing predictive modeling tools for forecasting pipe failures. Tests have been conducted to evaluate the predictive abilities of eight different statistical learning techniques, and the best performing method was implemented to forecast pipe failure rates within the different sectors of the WDI while explicitly accounting for the spatial patterns exhibited by the failure rate and its predictors. Survival-based models have been developed to predict the time to failure as a function of the different failure predictors, including pipe characteristics, soil conditions, traffic, and pressure. The developed frameworks where demonstrated on a real-life, large-scale WDI, and where shown to provide useful insights that can inform asset management decisions by comparing the impacts of different reactive and proactive pipe replacement scenarios. This project is ongoing for FY21, with a focus on studying spatial autocorrelation analyses of pipe failures.
Improved hydraulic network solver for SWMM
The new methods for open-channel and closed channel flow have been developed and tested using Python code. Results show that we can obtain mass conservation and stable solutions with much less computational effort than the existing SWMM computational engine. A new code structure has been developed using the Fortran2008 programming language. Implementation and testing of the new algorithms are in progress. This project is ongoing. For FY21 we expect to release both alpha and beta test codes to the public for debugging and analyses.
Automated calibration of SWMM
A genetic algorithm was developed to provide automated calibration of SWMM. The routine first represents the catchment network as a directed graph object using the NetworkX python package for flexibility in handling real-world observed data availability. Once the calibratable subset of the system is identified, a multi-objective, genetic algorithm (modified Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II: NSGA-II) estimates the Pareto front for the objective functions within the feasible performance space. This project is ongoing in FY21 as we further refine the algorithm and prepare a journal manuscript.
Parallel solver for transient analyses
Several software programs have been developed to model transient flow in water systems, and more specifically, using the method of characteristics (MOC) to find a solution for the flow equations derived in accordance to the so-called elastic theory. Although the numerical scheme of the MOC approach is considered to generate numerically accurate solutions, it is often characterized by longer running times and, thus, is limited by its computational efficiency. The ability to provide high-fidelity solutions in short simulation times, and to preserve the topological and geometrical characteristics of the real system is especially important for practical applications involving modeling large-scale water systems with hundreds to thousands of pipes and junctions. This work presents a novel complete hybrid algorithm that parallelizes MOC by integrating shared-and distributed-memory schemes, as well as vectorizing the equations for inner points and basic boundary conditions, such as, pipe junctions, reservoirs, dead-ends, valves, and pumps. Specifically, the new approach exploits vectorization to compute the MOC equations in parallel using either CPUs or GPUs. This project is ongoing in FY21 as we further develop the model and prepare manuscripts for publication.
Build the foundations for a sustainable community of model developers and users
The Center has been conducting extensive outreach at professional and technical conferences to provide opportunities for the community to evaluate the approaches being taken in the new SWMM computational engine. This project is ongoing. The work was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic during FY20 and will be somewhat impacted during FY21. We are focusing FY21 efforts on developing virtual outreach strategies that can be effective with reduced travel.
On-line implementation of models for training
A prototype on-line implementation was built using apache2 with cgi-bin to run command-line implementations of EPANET and SWMM. An up-loader script was built to allow client access to create and populate directories containing input and output files. These implementations require use of .inp files -- users can edit the files, but need to know the file structure. A prototype web service using TightVNC and noVNC was migrated to a commercial host on x86-64 architecture. This exploratory work allows NCIMM built/managed data center to serve working instances of EPANET/SWMM with the GUI intact through a web-browser. The client only needs a relatively modern browser and a data center supplied password. The prototype is demonstrated at https://youtu.be/D6VPSfFMQvw/ The demonstration site has been used in several teaching contexts and a journal paper is in progress. Network lag is an issue, and the help utility in SWMM is not rendering correctly (that’s a consequence of running on a Linux host and not inherent problem with the software). We have developed AWS instances to replace the commercial host (Amazon is also commercial, but has a very favorable pricing structure). This project is ongoing in FY21 with a focus on making the online system more robust/efficient and creating the user manuals.
Community web portal and model repository
Prototype development is underway for of NCIMM website and community user portal to support software and training for SWMM and EPANET models. We are developing a cyber-infrastructure back-end to allow model sharing and analyses. A working prototype of a web-based implementation is available, with an interface that allows file editing. Users must know the .inp file structure to edit models effectively. This project is ongoing in FY21 as we work to complete the cyber-infrastructure back-end and develop user manuals.
Community web portal and model repository
Prototype development is underway for of NCIMM website and community user portal to support software and training for SWMM and EPANET models. We are developing a cyber-infrastructure back-end to allow model sharing and analyses. A working prototype of a web-based implementation is available, with an interface that allows file editing. Users must know the .inp file structure to edit models effectively. This project is ongoing in FY21 as we work to complete the cyber-infrastructure back-end and develop user manuals.
Future Activities:
Pipe failure modeling and analysis
Studying the coupling of spatial autocorrelation analyses with pipe failures.
Improved hydraulic network solver for SWMM
Development and testing of the new algorithms will continue in the next project year. Public distribution and testing of alpha code release is expected in the spring.
Automated calibration of SWMM
Model is undergoing further testing and development. Manuscript describing the model is in preparation. Ph.D. dissertation that includes this work is being developed.
Parallel solver for transient analyses
Code development and testing is continuing. Journal papers and a Ph.D. dissertation are in development
Outreach to the SWMM and EPANET communities
Continue to develop community relationships to build sustainable open-source collaborations for the future of SWMM and EPANET.
On-line implementation of models for training
Write a makers-manual for remote builds of AWS instances for EPANET and SWMM online deployment with the ordinary GUIs in Linux hosts/containers. The AWS Windows instances work without fuss, but serving them through NCIMM managed web server is an ongoing research. Build prototype web service using TightVNC and noVNC on arm64 architecture. Write users manuals for these web-based tools. A SWMM implementation is completed and is being pre-populated with training vignettes derived from the NCIMM. Pre-populate the web instances with training example files and embedded videos for users to train. Write a training manual for the pre-populated training vignettes.
Community web portal and model repository
Completed cyber-infrastructure back-end to allow model sharing and analyses. A client manual with examples for the on-line implementation is in-progress.
Journal Articles: 24 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
Other center views: | All 90 publications | 30 publications in selected types | All 24 journal articles |
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Abokifa AA, Maheshwari A, Gudi RD, Biswas P. Influence of dead-end sections of drinking water distribution networks on optimization of booster chlorination systems. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 2019;145(12):04019053. |
R835950 (2019) R835950 (2020) |
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Abokifa A A, Xing L, Sela L. Investigating the impacts of water conservation on water quality in distribution networks using an advection-dispersion transport model. Water 2020;12(4):1033 |
R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Abokifa A, Sela L. Integrating spatial clustering with predictive modeling of pipe failures in water distribution systems. URBAN WATER JOURNAL 2023;20(4):465-476 |
R835950 (2021) |
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Berglund EZ, Pesantez JE, Rasekh A, Shafiee, ME, Sela L, Haxton T. Review of modeling methodologies for managing water distribution security. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 2020;146(8):03120001 |
R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Hodges B. Conservative finite-volume forms of the Saint-Venant equations for hydrology and urban drainage. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 2019;23(3):1281-1304. |
R835950 (2021) R835950 (Final) |
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Hodges BR, An artificial compressibility method for 1D simulation of open-channel and pressurized-pipe flow. Wate2020;12:6:1727. |
R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Morales-Hernandez M, Sharif MB, Gangrade S, Dullo TT, Kao S, Kalyanapu A, Ghafoor SK, Evans KJ, Madadi-Kanjani E, Hodges BR. High performance computing in water resources hydrodynamics. Journal of Hydroinformatic 2020;22(5):1217–1235 |
R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Riaño-Briceño G, Sela L, Hodges B. Distributed and vectorized method of characteristics for fast transient simulations in water distribution systems. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering 2021;37(2):163-184 |
R835950 (2022) R835950 (Final) |
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Salomons E, Sela L, Housh M. Hedging for privacy in smart water meters. Water Resources Research 2020;56(9):e2020WR027917 |
R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Tiernan ED, Hodges BR. A topological approach to partitioning flow networks for parallel simulation. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 2022;36(4):04022010. |
R835950 (2021) R835950 (Final) |
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Wang S, Taha A, Sela L, Giacomoni M, Gatsis N. A new derivative-free linear approximation for solving the network water flow problem with convergence guarantees. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH 2020;56(3). |
R835950 (2021) R835950 (Final) |
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Xing L, Sela L. Unsteady pressure patterns discovery from high-frequency sensing in water distribution systems. Water Research 2019;158:291-300. |
R835950 (2019) R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Yu C, Hodges BR, Liu F. A new form of the Saint-Venant equations for variable topography. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24:4001-4024, August 2020. |
R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Zhuang J, Sela L. Impact of emerging water savings scenarios on performance of urban water networks. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 2019;146(1):04019063. |
R835950 (2019) R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Abokifa AA, Sela L. Identification of spatial patterns in water distribution pipe failure data using spatial autocorrelation analysis. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 2019;145(12):04019057. |
R835950 (2019) R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Abokifa AA, Katz L, Sela L. Spatiotemporal trends of recovery from lead contamination in Flint, MI as revealed by crowdsourced water sampling. Water Research 2019:115442. |
R835950 (2019) R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
Exit Exit Exit |
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Abokifa A, Biswas P, Hodges BR, Sela L. WUDESIM:a toolkit for simulating water quality in the dead-end branches of drinking water distribution networks. Urban Water Journal 2020;17(1):54-64. |
R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Hodges BR, Liu F. Timescale interpolation and no-neighbour discretization for a 1D finite-volume Saint-Venant solver. Journal of Hydraulic Research 2019:1-7. |
R835950 (2019) R835950 (2020) R835950 (Final) |
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Bayer T, Ames DP, Cleveland TG. Design and development of a web-based EPANET model catalogue and execution environment. Annals of GIS 2021;27(3):247-260. |
R835950 (Final) |
not available |
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Riaño-Briceño G, Hodges BR, Sela L. PTSNet:A Parallel Transient Simulator for Water Transport Networks based on vectorization and distributed computing. Environmental Modelling & Software 2022;158:105554. |
R835950 (2022) R835950 (Final) |
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Sharior S, Hodges BR, Vasconcelos JG. Generalized, dynamic, and transient-storage form of the Preissmann Slot. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 2023;149(11):04023046. |
R835950 (Final) |
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Faure JC, Faust KM. Socioeconomic characteristics versus density changes:the operational effects of population dynamics on water systems. Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure 2023;8(1):3-16. |
R835950 (Final) |
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Yu CW, Hodges BR, Liu F. Automated detection of instability-inducing channel geometry transitions in Saint-Venant simulation of large-scale river networks. Water 2021:2236. |
R835950 (Final) |
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Wang S, Taha AF, Sela L, Gatsis N, Giacomoni MH. State Estimation in Water Distribution Networks through a New Successive Linear Approximation. In2019 IEEE 58th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) 2019 Dec 11 (pp. 5474-5479). IEEE. |
R835950 (2020) |
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Supplemental Keywords:
EPA SWMM, SWMM, EPANET, EPA-SWMM, pipe network hydraulics, hydrology, hydraulics, runoffRelevant Websites:
GP based approach to solve WFP a6ce7be Exit
Progress and Final Reports:
Original AbstractThe perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.
Project Research Results
- Final Report
- 2022 Progress Report
- 2021 Progress Report
- 2019 Progress Report
- 2018 Progress Report
- 2017 Progress Report
- Original Abstract
24 journal articles for this center