Grantee Research Project Results
2000 Progress Report: Multiphase Reactive Equilibria In CO2-Based Systems
EPA Grant Number: R826734Title: Multiphase Reactive Equilibria In CO2-Based Systems
Investigators: Brennecke, Joan F. , Stadtherr, Mark A.
Institution: University of Notre Dame
EPA Project Officer: Aja, Hayley
Project Period: October 1, 1998 through September 30, 2001
Project Period Covered by this Report: October 1, 1999 through September 30,2000
Project Amount: $295,000
RFA: Technology for a Sustainable Environment (1998) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Sustainable and Healthy Communities
Objective:
The objective of this work is to develop experimental, modeling, and computational methodologies that will facilitate the design and evaluation of equilibrium limited chemical reaction processes using supercritical carbon dioxide as an environmentally benign replacement solvent. Supercritical carbon dioxide, which is non-toxic, non-flammable, readily available and inexpensive, has been shown to be a viable reaction medium for a wide variety of reactions. However, the phase behavior, which determines the conditions needed to ensure single phase operation, is frequently the limiting factor. For equilibrium limited reactions it is a combination of phase and reaction equilibrium limitations that will determine operating pressures and temperatures and, thus the viability of CO2 as a replacement solvent. Reliable measurement, modeling and computation of high pressure multiphase reaction equilibrium is needed for the design and evaluation of these systems.
Progress Summary:
Our most important accomplish on this project in the last year has been the study of the effect of CO2 pressure on the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol. We show that the application of just 58.6 bar pressure at 333 K shifts the equilibrium conversion from 63 percent in neat solution to 72 percent in CO2. Thus, we demonstrate that CO2 is an excellent substitute solvent to replace VOC solvents, and that it can be used to alter (improve) the extent of reaction of equilibrium-limited reactions. In addition, we have made significant progress in the development of a completely reliable computation method to model the high pressure phase behavior of equilibrium-limited reactions. It allows us to reliably calculate complex phase and reaction equilibria of high pressure CO2-based systems using equation of state models. Finally, we have used some funds from this grant to explore an exciting new potential application of supercritical CO2; the extraction of solutes from ionic liquids. Ionic liquids are organic salts with negligible vapor pressure that are being explored as non-volatile replacements for organic solvents. Thus, the use of CO2 to remove products from ionic liquids represents the combination of two different environmentally benign solvent technologies. This newly-developed project has already resulted in several important publications, as listed below.
Future Activities:
The primary goal of the final year of this grant is to complete the development of the completely reliable computational method for the calculation of combined phase and reaction equilibria at high pressure. The secondary goal is to conduct an in-depth analysis of data collected by Dr. Tapan Das, a post-doctoral research associate who conducted experiments at DuPont during the first year of this grant.
Journal Articles on this Report : 18 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other project views: | All 23 publications | 19 publications in selected types | All 18 journal articles |
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Aki SNVK, Brennecke JF, Samanta A. How polar are room-temperature ionic liquids? Chemical Communications 2001;(5):413-414. |
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Anthony JL, Maginn EJ, Brennecke JF. Solution thermodynamics of imidazolium-based ionic liquids and water. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2001;105(44):10942-10949. |
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Blanchard LA, Brennecke JF. Recovery of organic products from ionic liquids using supercritical carbon dioxide. Industrial Engineering & Chemical Research 2001;40(1):287-292. |
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Blanchard LA, Brennecke JF. Esterification of acetic acid with ethanol in carbon dioxide. Green Chemistry 2001;3(1):17-19. |
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Blanchard LA, Gu Z, Brennecke JF. High-pressure phase behavior of ionic liquid/CO2 systems. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2001;105(12):2437-2444. |
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Gau C-Y, Stadtherr MA. Reliable nonlinear parameter estimation using interval analysis: error-in-variable approach. Computers & Chemical Engineering 2000;24(2-7):631-637. |
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Gau C-Y, Stadtherr MA. Dynamic load balancing for parallel interval-Newton using message passing. Computers & Chemical Engineering 2002;26(6):811-825. |
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Gau C-Y, Stadtherr MA. New interval methodologies for reliable chemical process modeling. Computers & Chemical Engineering 2002;26(6):827-840. |
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Gau C-Y, Stadtherr MA. Deterministic global optimization for error-in-variables parameter estimation. AIChE Journal 2002;48(6):1192-1197. |
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Gu Z, Brennecke JF. Volume expansivities and isothermal compressibilities of imidazolium and pyridinium-based ionic liquids Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 2002;47(2):339-345. |
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Lin Y, Gwaltney CR, Stadtherr MA. Reliable modeling and optimization for chemical engineering applications:interval analysis approach. Reliable Computing 2006;12(6):427-450. |
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Maier RW, Brennecke JF, Stadtherr MA. Reliable computation of reactive azeotropes. Computers & Chemical Engineering 2000;24(8):1851-1858. |
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Maier RW, Stadtherr MA. Reliable density-functional-theory calculations of adsorption in nanoscale pores. AIChE Journal 2001;47(8):1874-1884. |
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Scurto AM, Lubbers CM, Xu G, Brennecke JF. Experimental measurement and modeling of the vapor-liquid equilibrium of carbon dioxide + chloroform. Fluid Phase Equilibria 2001;190(1-2):135-147. |
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Stradi BA, Brennecke JF, Kohn JP, Stadtherr MA. Reliable computation of mixture critical points. AIChE Journal 2001;47(1):212-221. |
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Xu G, Scurto AM, Castier M, Brennecke JF, Stadtherr MA. Reliable computation of high-pressure solid−fluid equilibrium. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2000;39(6):1624-1636. |
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Xu G, Brennecke JF, Stadtherr MA. Reliable computation of phase stability and equilibrium from the SAFT equation of state. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2002;41(5):938-952. |
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Xu G, Haynes WD, Stadtherr MA. Reliable phase stability analysis for asymmetric models. Fluid Phase Equilibria 2005;235(2):152-165. |
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Supplemental Keywords:
pollution prevention, green chemistry, solvent substitution., Sustainable Industry/Business, RFA, Scientific Discipline, Industry Sectors, Technology for Sustainable Environment, Manufacturing - NAIC 31-33, Chemical Engineering, Sustainable Environment, Environmental Chemistry, Economics and Business, cleaner production/pollution prevention, environmentally-friendly chemical synthesis, source reduction, waste minimization, high pressure system, alternative chemical synthesis, pollution prevention, chemical reaction systems, cleaner production, green process systems, waste reduction, carbon dioxide reaction systems, chemical manufacturing, environmentally benign solvents, modeling, reaction solvent, green chemistry, multiphase reactive equilibriaRelevant Websites:
Mark A. Stadtherr Keating-Crawford Professor Emeritus Exit
Progress and Final Reports:
Original AbstractThe perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.