Grantee Research Project Results
2016 Progress Report: CHAMACOS Cohort Project: Pesticides and PBDE on Neurobehavior and Puberty
EPA Grant Number: R834513C001Subproject: this is subproject number 001 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R834513
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: Center for Research on Early Childhood Exposure and Development in Puerto Rico
Center Director: Alshawabkeh, Akram
Title: CHAMACOS Cohort Project: Pesticides and PBDE on Neurobehavior and Puberty
Investigators: Eskenazi, Brenda , Bradman, Asa , Holland, Nina T. , Harley, Kim , Eisen, Ellen
Current Investigators: Eskenazi, Brenda
Institution: University of California - Berkeley
EPA Project Officer: Hahn, Intaek
Project Period: August 1, 2009 through July 31, 2014 (Extended to July 31, 2017)
Project Period Covered by this Report: June 1, 2015 through May 31,2016
RFA: Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Centers (with NIEHS) (2009) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Children's Health , Human Health
Objective:
In Project A, we have examined the association of pesticide exposure (e.g. to DDT, manganese-containing pesticides, OP pesticides) and PBDE flame retardants with neurodevelopment, pubertal development, and respiratory outcomes in CHAMACOS children. Although this award specifically funded data collection related to boys, DDT and PBDEs, and neurodevelopmental and pubertal outcomes, we obtained separate funding to examine the full population and in this summary we report on the full breadth of pediatric environmental health research we have conducted with the help of this funding. Please note that while this progress report officially covers our work through May 2016, we are also presenting the work we’ve done since that point to provide our funders a clear picture of our work. We also present findings that relate to earlier phases of our study and to other health outcomes.
Progress Summary:
- To maintain and expand the CHAMACOS cohort as children begin the critical transition to puberty, assessing neurodevelopment and pubertal development in 300 boys from 9 to 13 years of age.
We have successfully met our goal of expanding the CHAMACOS cohort to 300 boys. We assessed 326 boys at age 9 years, 310 boys at age 10½, 304 boys at age 12, and 241 boys at age 12¾. Under separate funding sources, we have also been able to assess over 300 girls during this period, as well as to repeat pubertal development assessments at age 14 years. The findings presented below reflect our work with boys and girls.
- To determine whether prenatal and childhood exposure to DDT/E, PBDEs, and Mn are associated with neurobehavioral functioning at age 9, 10½, and 12 years.
For both DDT/E and PBDEs, measured maternal pregnancy serum concentrations were used as the exposure variable for the majority of CHAM1 participants (i.e., members of the original CHAMACOS cohort followed since pregnancy), while back-extrapolated pregnancy concentrations were used for all CHAM2 participants (i.e., members of the CHAMACOS cohort enrolled at child age 9) as well as for CHAM1 participantswho were missing pregnancy or delivery serum samples. Prenatal concentrations were back-extrapolated fromDDT/E and/or PBDE levels measured in maternal serum collected when the child was 9 years old using the SuperLearner algorithm, an ensemble machine learning technique that uses a weighted combination of algorithms to return a prediction function that minimizes the cross-validated mean squared error (see Project B). In validation models, which used maternal serum concentrations to back- extrapolate values in women for whom measured pregnancy values were also available, the model R2 for models comparing extrapolated and measured values was 0.95 for both p,p’-DDT and p,p’-DDE, and ranged from 0.58-0.84 for the four highest-detected PBDE congeners in this population (PBDE-47, 99, 100, 153; see Verner et al 2015).
DDT/E: In an article published in 2015, we reported on analyses of children’s IQ at ages 7 and 10.5 years in association with prenatal exposure to DDT and DDE. We found no associations between these exposure and any WISC IQ outcomes in general models incorporating both 7 and 10.5 year endpoints. However, we did observe an inverse association between prenatal DDT levels and children’s Processing Speed subscale scores at age 7 only. In separate models by sex, we also noted inverse associations between prenatal DDE exposure and girl’s Processing Speed and Full Scale IQ at age 7 years. (Gaspar et al 2015, Environ Int).
PBDEs: In a second article published in 2015, we reported on analyses of children’s attention and executive functioning at ages 9-12 years in association with prenatal exposure to PBDEs. Prenatal exposures were associated with impaired performance on both direct assessments and parent reports of children’s attention and executive functioning at these ages. For example, a 10-fold increase in prenatal ΣPBDE was associated with poorer response consistency on the Conners' Continuous Performance Test II (β=2.9; 95% CI:0.9, 4.8) and poorer working memory on the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (β=2.5; 95% CI: 0.5, 4.4). Child age 9 ΣPBDE levels were associated with poorer parent-reported attention and executive function for girls but not boys. (Sagiv, Kogut, et al 2015, Neurotoxicol Teratol).
Manganese: In a third article published in 2015, we reported on analyses of children’s behavior, memory, motor skills, and IQ at ages 7, 9, and 10.5 years in association with prenatal and early postnatalmanganese (Mn) exposure, as assessed in tooth dentine formed in utero and early infancy and assayed in children’s shed teeth (methods described in previous publications, e.g. Gunier et al 2013). Mn exposure was associated adverse behavioral outcomes. Prenatal Mn exposure showed adverse associations with maternally-reported internalizing, externalizing, and hyperactivity problems atage 10½ for boys but not girls, whereas postnatal Mn exposure was associated with these outcomes for both boys and girls. For boys only, MN was associated with improved memory, motor, and IQ scores. When MN exposure occurred in conjunction with elevated lead levels, it was associated with poorer visuospatial memory atage 9 as well as lower IQ scores at 7 and 10.5. (Mora et al 2015, Environ Int). In preliminary, unpublished analyses, we did not observe an association between hair Mn concentrations and 10.5 year IQ or behavior in models adjusted for child’s exact age, maternal education, poverty status, language of assessment and HOMEscore.
- To determine whether prenatal and childhood exposure to DDT/E, PBDEs, and Mn are associated with timing of pubertal development in boys between age 9 and 13 years.
PBDEs: We submitted a manuscript, later published, regarding children’s prenatal and childhood (age 9) PBDE exposure and association with age at onset of physical manifestations of puberty (genital and public hair development in boys; breast and public hair development in girls, and menarche in girls). Prenatal PBDE exposure was associated with later menarche in girls but earlier pubic hair development in boys. No associations were seen between either prenatal or age 9 exposures and anyother indicators of age at pubertal onset. (Harley et al 2017, Environment International)
DDT/E: We have not yet published on DDT/E and the physical manifestations of puberty, though we havepublished on pubertal sex hormones (see Aim 4). Preliminary analyses on DDT/E suggest that prenatal DDTconcentrations are associated with earlier genital development in boys and with earlier menarche in girls.
Manganese: Results of our preliminary analyses were as follows: Among 103 boys with available exposure and outcome data, our analyses indicate a marginally significant association of prenatal Mn with later onset of genital development (HR=0.63, 95% CI=0.38, 1.03). Among girls (N=113), higher postnatal (i.e. infancy)Mn exposure was associated with significantly earlier onset of pubic hair development (HR=1.44, 95% CI=1.08,1.94).
- To determine whether prenatal and childhood exposure to DDT/E, PBDEs, and Mn are associated with hormone levels in boys at age 12.
DDT/E and PBDEs: In 2016, we published a manuscript presenting associations between PBDE,DDT/E, and PCB exposures in utero and at age 9 on adolescent boys’ production of sex hormones [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and total testosterone (T)] at age 12. In utero exposure to BDE-153 (a PBDE congener) was associated with substantial increases in levels of all three sex hormonesmeasured. BDE-100 (another PBDE congener was associated with increases in boys’ LH levels only, and total PCB concentrations were associated with increased FSH levels. DDT/E was not associated with hormone levels in boys at this age (Eskenazi et al 2016, Int J Hyg Environ Health).
Mn: As noted in the last progress report, we have run preliminary analyses examining prenatal and postnatal Mn exposure in association with hormones in boys. Among 78 boys included in these preliminary analyses, we observed no association between either prenatal or postnatal Mn exposure and LH, T, or FSH at age 12.
- Other outcomes pertinent to environmental exposures and children’s health
Agricultural pesticides and neurodevelopment: In 2016, we have published three manuscriptsexamining current-use pesticides and their relationship with child neurodevelopment at age 7 years. We summarize results by exposure type:
OP Metabolites: We presented evidence that early childhood adversity may modify associations between prenatal OP pesticide exposures as reflected by maternal urinary DAP metabolites and child IQ as assessed using the WISC. Boys, for example, displayed the most negative associations between OP exposure and IQ when they had experienced high adversity in the early learning environment (Stein et al 2016, Neurotoxicology).
Ambient exposure to OPs, carbamates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, and manganese fungicides: We also published manuscripts based on California’s Pesticide Use Reporting (PUR) database, which we used to characterize CHAMACOS mothers’ ambient exposure to agricultural use pesticides during pregnancy based on their residential proximity to agricultural pesticide use. In the first of these, we demonstrated that children ofmothers who had experienced highest (top quartile) versus lowest (bottom quartile) prenatal residential exposure to toxicity-weighted use of OP and carbamate pesticides through nearby agricultural applications performed significantly worse on Perceptual Reasoning (4 pt decrease) and Working Memory (2.8 point decrease) indices of the WISC at age 10.5, resulting in a significantly lower Full Scale IQ score (3 pointdecrease; Rowe et al 2016, Environ Res). In the second such analysis, we assessed continuous associations of a number of prenatal pesticide exposures in association with WISC scores at age 7. We demonstrated that each standard deviation increase in toxicity- weighted organophosphate (OP)pesticide use was associated with a 2.2 point decrease on Full- Scale IQ and a 2.9 point decrease in Verbal Comprehension at child age 7. We observed similar decrements in association with each of two specific OPs (acephate and oxydemeton-methyl) as well as with three other pesticide groups (pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, andmanganese fungicides) (Gunier et al 2016, Environ Health Pespect).
Agricultural pesticides and respiratory health: We also evaluated the relationship betweenrespiratory symptoms and lung function at 7-years of age in the CHAMACOS cohort and prenatal and postnatal pesticide exposure. Specifically, we evaluated the relationships between respiratory health and urinary organophosphate metabolite concentrations measured in mothers during pregnancy at 13 and 26 weeksgestation, and in the children at 6-months, 1-year, 2-years, 3.5-years and 5-years. In separate analyses, we also evaluated the relationship between respiratory symptoms and lung function and agricultural use of elemental sulfur and fumigants. We summarize results here by exposure type:
OP Metabolites: We investigated the relationship between early-life exposure to OPs and respiratory outcomes. Participants included 359 mothers and children from the CHAMACOS birth cohort. Dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites of OP pesticides, specifically diethyl (DE) and dimethyl (DM) phosphate metabolites, were measured in urine from mothers twice during pregnancy (mean = 13 and 26 weeks gestation) and from children five times during childhood (0.5-5 years). Childhood DAP concentrations were estimated by the area under curve (AUC). Mothers reported their child's respiratory symptoms at 5 and 7 years of age. We used generalized estimating equations (GEE) to examine associations of prenatal and childhood DAP concentrations with repeated measures of respiratory symptoms and exercise-induced coughing at 5 and 7 years of age, adjusting for child's sex and age, maternal smoking during pregnancy, secondhand tobacco smoke, season of birth, PM2.5, breastfeeding, mold and cockroaches in home, and distance from highway. Higher prenatal DAP concentrations, particularly DE, were non-significantly associated with respiratory symptoms in the previous 12 months at 5 or 7 years of age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) per 10-fold increase = 1.44; 95% CI: 0.98, 2.12]. This association was strongest with total DAP and DE from the second half ofpregnancy (aOR per 10- fold increase = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.95; and 1.61; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.39, respectively). Childhood DAP, DE, and DM concentrations were associated with respiratory symptoms and exercise- induced coughing in the previous 12 months at 5 or 7 years of age (total DAPs: aOR per 10-fold increase = 2.53; 95% CI: 1.32, 4.86; and aOR = 5.40; 95% CI: 2.10, 13.91, respectively). Early- life exposure to OP pesticides wasassociated with respiratory symptoms consistent with possible asthma in childhood. This work was published in Environmental Health Perspectives (Raanan et al. 2015).
We also evaluated associations between early-life organophosphate exposure and lung function of children living in an agricultural community. In this analysis, participants were 279 children from the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) longitudinal birth cohort. The areaunder the curve for organophosphate exposure was determined by urinary diethyl and dimethyl dialkylphosphatemetabolites of organophosphate pesticides, which were measured five times during childhood (6-60 months). Spirometry was performed at age 7 years. Regression models controlled for maternal smoking during pregnancy, season of birth, particulate matter concentrations with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), breast feedingduration, mold and pets at home, distance of home from a highway, food insecurity, maternal education, season of spirometry, sex, height and technician. We found that childhood diethyl, dimethyl and total dialkylphosphate concentrations were associated with significant decreases in lung function at age 7. Specifically, we found lower FEV1, (L/s) (ß=-0.16, 95% CI -0.30 to -0.02, p=0.03) and FVC (L) (ß=-0.17, 95% CI -0.34 to 0.01, p=0.06) per 10-fold increase of total dialkylphosphate levels. Early-life organophosphate exposure as assessed by dialkylphosphate concentrations was adversely associated with 7-year-old children's lung function. This work was published in Thorax (Raanan et al. 2016).
Elemental Sulfur: We evaluated associations between residential proximity to elemental sulfur applications and respiratory symptoms and spirometry of children living in an agricultural community.Participants were enrolled in the CHAMACOS longitudinal birth cohort. We collected respiratory symptomatology for 347 children at 7 y of age and measured spirometry on a subset of 279. Of these, estimations of proximity to sulfur application and relevant covariate data were available for 237 and 205 children for whom we had symptomatology information and FEV1 measurements, respectively. Data fromthe California Pesticide Use Reporting System were used to estimate the amount of elemental sulfur applied within 0.5, 1, and 3km of a child's residence during the week, month, and 12 mo prior to pulmonary evaluation.Regression models controlled for maternal smoking during pregnancy; season of birth; PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤2.5mm in aerodynamic diameter); breast feeding duration; child's sex, age, and height; technician; and other covariates. We observed adverse associations with respiratory outcomes were found for sulfur applications within 0.5- and 1-km radii. Specifically, asthma medication usage and respiratory symptoms increased [OR=3.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50, 8.23, p=0.004; OR=2.09; 95% CI: 1.27, 3.46, p=0.004, respectively] and FEV1 decreased (β=−0.143; 95% CI: −0.248, −0.039, p=0.008) per 10-fold increase in the estimated amount of sulfur used within 1 km of child residence during the year prior to pulmonary evaluation. Thisstudy suggests that elemental sulfur use, allowed in both organic and conventional farming, in close proximity to residential areas, may adversely affect children's respiratory health. This study was submitted to Environmental Health Perspectives (later published in 2017).
Chemical exposures and body mass index (BMI): We have published two manuscripts on chemical exposures and child body mass index, summarized here by exposure type.
PBDEs: In 2015, we published a manuscript investigating associations of prenatal and childhood exposures to PBDE flame retardants in association with children’s body mass index (BMI) at age 7 years. Prenatal PBDE exposure was associated with higher BMI in boys but with lower BMI in girls. Childhood exposure to one specific PBDE congener (BDE-153) as measured at age 7 were associated with lower BMI for both boys and girls. (Erkin-Cakmak et al 2015, Environ Health Perspect.).
DDT/E: We submitted a manuscript to Environmental Research investigating prenatal DDT/E exposures with children’s BMI at age 12 years. Results indicated different associations for males and females. Among boys, 10-fold increases in prenatal DDT and DDE concentrations were associated with increased BMI z-score(o,p'-DDT, adj-β=0.37, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.65; p,p'-DDT, adj-β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.48; p,p'-DDE, adj-β = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.59). Results for girls were nonsignificant. The difference by sex persisted after considering pubertal status.
Contemporary flame retardant chemicals and neurodevelopment: We submitted the first manuscript on flame retardant chemicals used as alternatives to PBDEs – specifically, Firemaster 550® (FM 550®) andorganophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) – in association with child IQ at age 7 years to Chemosphere. We measured urinary metabolites of FM 550 and four PFRs from CHAMACOS women during pregnancy. Metabolites of tris(1,3- dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP: bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate) and triphenyl phosphate (DPHP: diphenyl phosphate) were detected in >75% of urine samples, and isopropylphenyl phenyl phosphate (ip-PPP), a metabolite of one component of FM 550®, was detected in 72% of urine samples. We observed decreases of 2.9 points (95% Confidence Interval (CI): -6.3, 0.5) and 3.9 points (95% CI:-7.3,-0.5) in Full-Scale intelligence quotient and Working Memory, respectively, for each ten-fold increase in DPHP in adjusted regression models.
Future Activities:
Our data collection work on this grant is complete, but we continue to work with data generated from this funding. We are currently preparing a manuscript for publication showing striking, sex-differentiated associations between prenatal OP pesticide exposures and children’s executive functioning and attention between ages 7 and 12. These findings suggest that boys experience pronounced deficits in maternally-reported executive function and child-assessed working memory in association with in utero OP exposure. We are also beginning work on analyses focused on the timing and tempo of puberty in CHAMACOS boys and girls, both as an outcome of early childhood adversity and as a predictor of risk-taking behavior in later adolescence. We expect to continue working with these data for years to come.
We have also secured funding for continued follow-up of this cohort through age 21 (with visits at 16, 18, and 21 years). As a direct follow-up upon our EPA-funded work on neurodevelopment, we have begun using afunctional neuroimaging technique – functional near- infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) – to assess neural activation during tasks which challenge attention, executive function, memory, and language processing. Our hope is that this technique will provide further insight into specific neural processes that may be impacted by early exposure to pesticides and other environmental contaminants.
Journal Articles on this Report : 17 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
Other subproject views: | All 148 publications | 76 publications in selected types | All 76 journal articles |
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Other center views: | All 694 publications | 167 publications in selected types | All 166 journal articles |
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Audelo J, Kogut K, Harley KG, Rosas LG, Stein L, Eskenazi B. Maternal depression and childhood overweight in the CHAMACOS Study of Mexican-American children. Maternal and Child Health Journal 2016;20(7):1405-1414. |
R834513 (2014) R834513 (2015) R834513 (2016) R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2014) R834513C001 (2015) R834513C001 (2016) R834513C002 (Final) R834513C003 (Final) |
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Castorina R, Bradman A, Stapleton HM, Butt C, Avery D, Harley KG, Gunier RB, Holland N, Eskenazi B. Current-use flame retardants: maternal exposure and neurodevelopment in children of the CHAMACOS cohort. Chemosphere 2017;189:574-580. |
R834513 (2016) R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2016) R834513C003 (Final) |
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Engel SM, Bradman A, Wolff MS, Rauh VA, Harley KG, Yang JH, Barr LHDB, Yolton K, Vedar MG, Xu Y, Hornung RW, Wetmur JG, Chen J, Holland N, Perera FP, Whyatt RM, Lanphear BP, Eskenazi B. Prenatal organophosphate pesticide exposure and child neurodevelopment at 24 months:an analysis of four birth cohorts. Environmental Health Perspectives 2016;124(6):822-30. |
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Eskenazi B, Rauch SA, Tenerelli R, Huen K, Holland NT, Lustig RH, Kogut K, Bradman A, Sjödin A, Harley KG. In utero and childhood DDT, DDE, PBDE and PCBs exposure and sex hormones in adolescent boys: the CHAMACOS study. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 2017;220(2 Pt B):364-372. |
R834513 (2016) R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2016) |
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Gunier RB, Arora M, Jerrett M, Bradman A, Harley KG, Mora AM, Kogut K, Hubbard A, Austin C, Holland N, Eskenazi B. Manganese in teeth and neurodevelopment in young Mexican-American children. Environmental Research 2015;142:688-695. |
R834513 (2014) R834513 (2015) R834513 (2016) R834513C001 (2014) R834513C001 (2015) R834513C001 (2016) R834513C002 (2014) |
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Gunier RB, Bradman A, Harley KG, Kogut K, Eskenazi B. Prenatal residential proximity to agricultural pesticide use and IQ in 7-year-old children. Environmental Health Perspectives 2017;125(5):057002 (8 pp.). |
R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2015) R834513C001 (2016) |
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Harley KG, Kogut K, Madrigal DS, Cardenas M, Vera IA, Meza-Alfaro G, She J, Gavin Q, Zahedi R, Bradman A, Eskenazi B, Parra KL. Reducing phthalate, paraben, and phenol exposure from personal care products in adolescent girls: findings from the HERMOSA Intervention Study. Environmental Health Perspectives 2016;124(10):1600-1607. |
R834513C001 (2016) R834513C002 (2015) R834513C004 (2015) |
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Mora AM, Arora M, Harley KG, Kogut K, Parra K, Hernandez-Bonilla D, Gunier RB, Bradman A, Smith DR, Eskenazi B. Prenatal and postnatal manganese teeth levels and neurodevelopment at 7, 9, and 10.5 years in the CHAMACOS cohort. Environment International 2015;84:39-54. |
R834513 (2014) R834513 (2015) R834513 (2016) R834513C001 (2014) R834513C001 (2015) R834513C001 (2016) R826709 (2002) |
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Raanan R, Balmes JR, Harley KG, Gunier RB, Magzamen S, Bradman A, Eskenazi B. Decreased lung function in 7-year-old children with early-life organophosphate exposure. Thorax 2016;71(2):148-153. |
R834513 (2015) R834513 (2016) R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2014) R834513C001 (2015) R834513C001 (2016) R826709 (2002) R831710 (Final) |
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Rowe C, Gunier R, Bradman A, Harley KG, Kogut K, Parra K, Eskenazi B. Residential proximity to organophosphate and carbamate pesticide use during pregnancy, poverty during childhood, and cognitive functioning in 10-year-old children. Environmental Research 2016;150:128-137. |
R834513 (2015) R834513 (2016) R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2015) R834513C001 (2016) |
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Sagiv SK, Kogut K, Gaspar FW, Gunier RB, Harley KG, Parra K, Villasenor D, Bradman A, Holland N, Eskenazi B. Prenatal and childhood polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) exposure and attention and executive function at 9-12 years of age. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 2015:52(Pt B):151-161. |
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Sagiv SK, Bruno JL, Baker JM, Palzes V, Kogut K, Rauch S, Gunier R, Mora AM, Reiss AL, Eskenazi B. Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and functional neuroimaging in adolescents living in proximity to pesticide application. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2019;116(37):18347-56 |
R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2016) R831710 (Final) |
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Stein LJ, Gunier RB, Harley K, Kogut K, Bradman A, Eskenazi B. Early childhood adversity potentiates the adverse association between prenatal organophosphate pesticide exposure and child IQ: the CHAMACOS cohort. Neurotoxicology 2016;56:180-187. |
R834513 (2015) R834513 (2016) R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2015) R834513C001 (2016) |
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Torres JM, Deardorff J, Gunier RB, Harley KG, Alkon A, Kogut K, Eskenazi B. Worry about deportation and cardiovascular disease risk factors among adult women: the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas Study. Annals of Behavioral Medicine 2018;52(2):186-193. |
R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2016) |
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Warner M, Ye M, Harley K, Kogut K, Bradman A, Eskenazi B. Prenatal DDT exposure and child adiposity at 12 years of age in the CHAMACOS cohort. Environmental Research 2017;159:606-612. |
R834513 (2016) R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2016) |
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Waters SF, Boyce WT, Eskenazi B, Alkon A. The impact of maternal depression and overcrowded housing on associations between autonomic nervous system reactivity and externalizing behavior problems in vulnerable Latino children. Psychophysiology 2016;53(1):97-104. |
R834513 (Final) R834513C001 (2016) |
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Gaspar F, Harley KG, Kogut K, Chevrier J*, Bradman A, Eskenazi B. Prenatal DDT/E exposure and child IQ in the CHAMACOS cohort. Environ Int, 85:206-12, 2015. |
R834513 (2016) R834513C001 (2016) |
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Supplemental Keywords:
DDT, DDE, PBDEs, flame retardants, manganese, maneb, PCBs, HCB, OP, DAPs, puberty, neurodevelopment, behavior, children’s health, respiratory symptoms, lung function, obesity, BMI, CHAMACOS., RFA, Scientific Discipline, Health, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, Health Risk Assessment, Biochemistry, Children's Health, Environmental Policy, Biology, farmworkers, pesticide exposure, flame retardants, PBDE, children's vulnerablity, neurochemical effects, harmful environmental agents, biological markers, agricultural community
Progress and Final Reports:
Original AbstractMain Center Abstract and Reports:
R834513 Center for Research on Early Childhood Exposure and Development in Puerto Rico Subprojects under this Center: (EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R834513C001 CHAMACOS Cohort Project: Pesticides and PBDE on Neurobehavior and Puberty
R834513C002 Project B: Exposure Project: Mn, DDT/E and PBDE Exposure to Farmworker Children
R834513C003 Epigenetics Project
R834513C004 Community Outreach and Translation Core
The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.
Project Research Results
- Final Report
- 2015 Progress Report
- 2014 Progress Report
- 2013 Progress Report
- 2012 Progress Report
- 2011 Progress Report
- 2010 Progress Report
- Original Abstract
76 journal articles for this subproject
Main Center: R834513
694 publications for this center
166 journal articles for this center