Grantee Research Project Results
Final Report: Responses to Fresh Aerosol in Susceptible Subjects
EPA Grant Number: R832144Title: Responses to Fresh Aerosol in Susceptible Subjects
Investigators: Kipen, Howard , Lioy, Paul J. , Philipp, Claire , Shindler, Daniel , Laskin, Deborah , Zhang, Junfeng , Ohman-Strickland, Pamela , Laumbach, Robert , Fan, Tina
Institution: Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
EPA Project Officer: Chung, Serena
Project Period: October 1, 2004 through September 30, 2008
Project Amount: $1,521,398
RFA: The Role of Air Pollutants in Cardiovascular Disease (2003) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Air Quality and Air Toxics , Particulate Matter , Air
Objective:
Summary/Accomplishments (Outputs/Outcomes):
1) Phenotypic Changes in Platelet Activation Using Surface Markers
2. Plasma Nitrite Assessment
Since design of our study, blood nitrite (NO2) has been reported as an alternative to brachial artery ultrasound scanning (BAUS) and Endo-PAT measurement as a marker of endothelial function (Allen et al, 2005). As a biochemical marker, it is reasonable to examine it in concert with the other, more physiological markers, as it is felt to underlie the physiological vasodilation. We initiated these studies as a consequence of the difficulty we had with the BAUS technique. We have collected blood samples from 49 subjects for measurement of nitrite levels at baseline (pre-exposure) and following a 2-hour exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DE), secondary organic aerosols (SOA), and clean air (CA). Due to restrictions of available staff time required to analyze samples, samples collected on the SOA day are not analyzed. Post minus pre exposure difference for nitrite levels (diff-CA-Nitrite, diff-DE-Nitrite) was calculated for DE and CA days (see 2008-2009 report). These results show, as hypothesized, a greater decrease in nitrite following DE exposure than following exposure to CA. However, there were no statistically significant differences between responses on DE and CA days.
|
Outcome variable
|
Pre CA
(N=49)
|
Post* CA
(N=48)
|
6 hrs post CA (N=47)
|
Pre DE
(N=46)
|
Post*DE
(N=45)
|
6 hrs post
DE (N=45)
|
WBC count (Thous/mcL)
|
6.7 (1.4)
|
6.6 (1.5)
|
6.7 (1.5)
|
6.7 (1.5)
|
6.7 (1.7)
|
6.6 (1.6)
|
RBC count (Thous/mcL)
|
4.7 (0.4)
|
4.9 (0.5)
|
4.7 (0.4)
|
4.7 (0.4)
|
4.9 (0.4)
|
4.7 (0.4)
|
Race
|
HET
|
HOM
|
WT
|
UNDETERMINED
|
Total
|
White
|
274 (94.8%)
|
48 (96%)
|
283 (86.8%)
|
21 (95.4%)
|
626 (91.1%)
|
Black
|
0 (0%)
|
1 (2%)
|
3 (0.9%)
|
0 (0%)
|
4 (0.587%)
|
Asian
|
13 (4.5%)
|
1 (2%)
|
35 (10.7%)
|
1 (4.5%)
|
50 (7.2%)
|
Other
|
2 (0.6%)
|
0 (0%)
|
5 (1.5%)
|
0 (0%)
|
7 (1.0%)
|
Total
|
289 (42%)
|
50 (7.2%)
|
326 (47.4%)
|
22 (3.2%)
|
687 (100%)
|
Race
|
HET
|
HOM
|
WT
|
Total
|
White
|
18 (75%)
|
14 (100%)
|
14 (56%)
|
46 (73%)
|
Black
|
0 (0%)
|
0 (0%)
|
1 (4%)
|
1 (1.5%)
|
Asian
|
5 (20.8%)
|
0 (0%)
|
10 (40%)
|
15 (23.8%)
|
Other
|
1 (4.1%)
|
0 (0%)
|
0 (0%)
|
1 (1.5%)
|
Total
|
24 (38.1%)
|
14 (22.2%)
|
25 (39.6%)
|
63 (100%)
|
ALL SUBJECTS 143 ± 19.8 119.4 ± 16.6 -23.6 ± 14.6 136.6 ± 19.3 126 ± 18.6 -10.5 ± 12.9 -14.7 ± 18.9
WT (N=16) 177.5 (131.8) 148.8 (95.3) -28.6 (70.8) 140.3 (134.2) 149.2 (133.7) 8.9 (111.4) -37.6 (131)
HET (N=15) 110.3 (124.3) 93.1 (109.7) -17.2 (130.9) 121.0 (121.3) 101.2 (111.5) 19.7 (46.3) 2.5 (122.4)
HOM (N=8) 116.9 (102.5) 101.1 (116.8) -15.7 (41.6) 137.4 (103.5) 123.2 (108.9) -14.1 (50.1) -1.6 (85.1)
|
Predictor
|
Change in activity
(post-pre)
|
95% CI
|
P-value
|
Exposure
DE or SOA
CA
|
-1418.1
Reference
|
(-2811.3, -24.8)
Reference
|
0.04
|
Characterization of the EOHSI Diesel Exhaust Generation and Delivery System
Conclusions:
References:
Journal Articles on this Report : 9 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
Other project views: | All 17 publications | 10 publications in selected types | All 9 journal articles |
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Type | Citation | ||
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Conrad L, Rauh V, Hopener L, Acosta L, Perera F, Rundle A, Arteaga-Solis E, Miller R, Perzanowski M. Report of prenatal maternal demoralization and material hardship and infant rhinorrhea and watery eyes. Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology 2020;125(4):399. |
R832144 (Final) R836154 (2019) |
Exit |
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Kipen HM, Gandhi S, Rich DQ, Ohman-Strickland P, Laumbach R, Fan ZH, Chen L, Laskin DL, Zhang J, Madura K. Acute decreases in proteasome pathway activity after inhalation of fresh diesel exhaust or secondary organic aerosol. Environmental Health Perspectives 2011;119(5):658-663. |
R832144 (Final) |
|
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Laumbach RJ, Kipen HM. Acute effects of motor vehicle traffic-related air pollution exposures on measures of oxidative stress in human airways. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2010;1203(1):107-112. |
R832144 (Final) |
Exit |
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Laumbach RJ, Rich DQ, Gandhi S, Amorosa L, Schneider S, Zhang J, Ohman-Strickland P, Gong J, Lelyanov O, Kipen HM. Acute changes in heart rate variability in subjects with diabetes following a highway traffic exposure. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;52(3):324-331. |
R832144 (Final) |
Exit |
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Laumbach R, Tong J, Zhang L, Ohman-Strickland P, Stern A, Fiedler N, Kipen H, Kelly-McNeil K, Lioy P, Zhang J. Quantification of 1-aminopyrene in human urine after a controlled exposure to diesel exhaust. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 2009;11(1):153-159. |
R832144 (Final) R832097 (Final) R832515 aka R832098 (2008) |
Exit |
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Pettit AP, Brooks A, Laumbach R, Fiedler N, Wang Q, Strickland PO, Madura K, Zhang J, Kipen HM. Alteration of peripheral blood monocyte gene expression in humans following diesel exhaust inhalation. Inhalation Toxicology 2012;24(3):172-181. |
R832144 (Final) |
Exit |
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Rich DQ, Freudenberger RS, Ohman-Strickland P, Cho Y, Kipen HM. Right heart pressure increases after acute increases in ambient particulate concentration. Environmental Health Perspectives 2008;116(9):1167-1171. |
R832144 (2007) R832144 (Final) |
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Sunil VR, Laumbach RJ, Patel KJ, Turpin BJ, Lim H-J, Kipen HM, Laskin JD, Laskin DL. Pulmonary effects of inhaled limonene ozone reaction products in elderly rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2007;222(2):211-220. |
R832144 (2007) R832144 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
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Sunil VR, Patel KJ, Mainelis G, Turpin BJ, Ridgely S, Laumbach RJ, Kipen HM, Nazarenko Y, Veleeparambil M, Gow AJ, Laskin JD, Laskin DL. Pulmonary effects of inhaled diesel exhaust in aged mice. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2009;241(3):283-293. |
R832144 (Final) |
Exit Exit |
Supplemental Keywords:
Diesel exhaust, secondary organic aerosol, endothelial function, platelet activation, cardiovascular disease, vascular nitrite, ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP), RFA, Scientific Discipline, Health, Air, HUMAN HEALTH, particulate matter, Health Risk Assessment, air toxics, Exposure, Susceptibility/Sensitive Population/Genetic Susceptibility, Risk Assessments, Biochemistry, mobile sources, genetic susceptability, Biology, copollutant exposures, sensitive populations, atmospheric particulate matter, engine exhaust, Nitric Oxide Synase, airway epithelial cells, cardiopulmonary responses, fine particles, inhaled pollutants, acute lung injury, diesel engines, air pollution, susceptible subpopulations, diesel exhaust, automotive exhaust, chronic health effects, lung inflammation, oxidant gas, particulate exposure, cardiopulmonary response, heart rate, human exposure, ambient particle pollution, Acute health effects, inhaled, highrisk groups, human susceptibility, diesel exhaust particles, cardiotoxicity, cardiopulmonary, diesel exhaust particulate, concentrated particulate matter, air contaminant exposure, air quality, environmental hazard exposures, toxics, airborne urban contaminants, cardiovascular disease, acute exposure, human health riskProgress and Final Reports:
Original AbstractThe perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.