Environmental Assessment
IRIS Toxicological Review and Summary Documents for 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (External Review Draft)
IRIS Toxicological Review and Summary Documents for 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (External Review Draft)
Note: EPA has updated this document, but this version is provided as a courtesy to the public as a matter of public record.
Notice
On April 20, 2007, an external peer-review panel workshop was hosted by an independent contractor on this Toxicological Review Document. Completing this process, a final report of the comments from this workshop were collected and is available from this site.
EPA has conducted a peer review of the scientific basis supporting the human health hazard and dose-response assessment of 1,1,1-trichloroethane that will appear on the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) database. Peer review is meant to ensure that science is used credibly and appropriately in derivation of the dose-response assessments and toxicological characterization.Background
1,1,1-Trichloroethane has been used primarily as a solvent for adhesives, in metal degreasing, and in the manufacture of vinylidene chloride. This chemical was formerly used as a food and grain fumigant. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane is one of the compounds addressed by the Montreal Protocol, under which the production and consumption of potentially ozone-depleting substances in the stratosphere are to be phased out. The final phase-out date for 1,1,1-trichloroethane in developed countries was 1996 (with selected exceptions for existing stocks and essential uses) and in developing countries is 2015.
The assessment of 1,1,1-trichloroethane is one of the chemicals in a pilot to explore the inclusion of reference values for less-than-lifetime exposure and other health assessment procedures/features recommended in the Risk Assessment Forum’s 2002 report, A Review of the Reference Dose and Reference Concentration Processes.
The assessment of 1,1,1-trichloroethane is one of the chemicals in a pilot to explore the inclusion of reference values for less-than-lifetime exposure and other health assessment procedures/features recommended in the Risk Assessment Forum’s 2002 report, A Review of the Reference Dose and Reference Concentration Processes.
History/Chronology
1987 | IRIS assessment of 1,1,1-trichloroethane posted on the IRIS database. (RfD only) |
1988 | Carcinogenicity assessment for 1,1,1-trichloroethane added to the IRIS database. [Related link] |
1991 | RfD withdrawn from the IRIS database. |
Feb 2007 | EPA released the external review draft for public review and comment. |
Apr 2007 | EPA hosted an independent peer review panel workshop to discuss the draft report. |
Sep 2007 | EPA released the final Toxicological Review of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane: in support of the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). |
Next Steps
Following the External Peer Review, the final assessment will be published on the IRIS database.
Downloads/Related Links
- Toxicological Review of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (External Review Draft) (PDF) (200 pp, 2 MB, about PDF)
- Charge to External Peer Reviewers (PDF) (4 pp, 21 KB, about PDF)
- Consolidated Comments from the External Peer Review (Final) (PDF) (31 pp, 251 KB, about PDF)
Related Link(s)
- Final Report for Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (PDF) (187 pp, 2 MB, about PDF)
- IRIS Toxicological Review and Summary Documents for 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Peer Review Plan)
- Health Assessment Document for 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Methyl Chloroform). Final Report
Additional Information
Comments on the assessment may be submitted and reviewed using the e-Government Regulations.gov Web site. From the site, select Environmental Protection Agency and the keyword EPA-HQ-ORD-2007-1039 (for the docket ID).
Citation
U.S. EPA. IRIS Toxicological Review and Summary Documents For 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (External Review Draft).