Oil & Gas
SmartSectors

The mining sector employs approximately 93,000 people, including 53,000 in coal mining and 40,000 in metal ore mining.

The world's third largest coal producer, the U.S. accounts for 9% of global coal production. U.S. share of global nonfuel mineral production varies by mineral.

In 2018, mineral materials processed domestically were valued at $766 billion, or about 3.7% of U.S. GDP.

In 2018, the U.S. was an exporter of 115.6 million short tons of coal.

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U.S. Energy Consumption By Energy Source

Petroleum Products from one Barrel of Crude Oil (gallons)

U.S. Natural Gas Consumption by Sector

U.S. Petroleum Consumption by Sector

Use the checkboxes below to select an environmental performance indicator and an economic benchmark.

Environmental Performance Indicators


Economic Benchmarks



What is in this chart?

This chart shows criteria air pollutant (CAP) emission estimates, as captured in EPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) between 1996 and 2017, for establishments classified within NEI as “Oil and Gas Production.” CAP emissions for this sector decreased from 886 thousand tons in 1996 to 541 thousand tons in 2017.

What are criteria air pollutants and precursors?

CAPs and precursors include lead, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter (PM) 10 microns in diameter or less, PM 2.5 microns in diameter or less, volatile organic compounds, and ammonia.

View Impact Per Unit of Production View Environmental and Economic Benchmarks

What is in this chart?

This chart shows criteria air pollutant (CAP) emission estimates, as captured in EPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) between 1996 and 2017, for establishments classified within NEI as “Oil and Gas Production.” CAP emissions for this sector decreased from 886 thousand tons in 1996 to 541 thousand tons in 2017.

What are criteria air pollutants and precursors?

CAPs and precursors include lead, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter (PM) 10 microns in diameter or less, PM 2.5 microns in diameter or less, volatile organic compounds, and ammonia.

Use the checkboxes below to select an environmental performance indicator and an economic benchmark.

Environmental Performance Indicators



Economic Benchmarks


What is in this chart?

This chart shows criteria air pollutant (CAP) emission estimates, as captured in EPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) between 1996 and 2017, for establishments classified within NEI as “Petroleum Refineries and Related Industries.” CAP emissions for this sector decreased from 1.4 million tons in 1996 to 260 thousand tons in 2017.

What are criteria air pollutants and precursors?

CAPs and precursors include lead, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter (PM) 10 microns in diameter or less, PM 2.5 microns in diameter or less, volatile organic compounds, and ammonia.

View Impact Per Unit of Production View Environmental and Economic Benchmarks

What is in this chart?

This chart shows criteria air pollutant (CAP) emission estimates, as captured in EPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) between 1996 and 2017, for establishments classified within NEI as “Petroleum Refineries and Related Industries.” CAP emissions for this sector decreased from 1.4 million tons in 1996 to 260 thousand tons in 2017.

What are criteria air pollutants and precursors?

CAPs and precursors include lead, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter (PM) 10 microns in diameter or less, PM 2.5 microns in diameter or less, volatile organic compounds, and ammonia.

Select Sub-sector:

The oil and gas sector includes oil and gas extraction (NAICS 211) and petroleum refining (NAICS 32411).

Establishments in the oil and gas extraction sector conduct operations whereby crude oil, associated natural gas, and formation water are drawn from beneath the earth’s surface.

Establishments in the petroleum refining sector convert crude oil into petroleum products, including gasoline (motor fuel), distillate (diesel fuel, home heating oil), kerosene (jet fuel), petroleum coke, residual fuel oil (industrial and marine use), petroleum gases (liquefied petroleum gas, ethane, butane), elemental sulfur, asphalt and road oils, petrochemical plant feedstocks, and lubricating oils.

For more information about the EPA Smart Sectors program, visit: epa.gov/smartsectors.

For more information about the oil and gas sector, visit:

Criteria Air Pollutants

How to Download Your Data

Note: Processing National Emissions Inventory data will require use of data processing software. The data are available in a tab or comma-delimited text format that must be imported into a program that will allow you to analyze the file.

  1. For 1996, 1999, 2002, and 2005, use the following links:
  2. For 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2017, use the following links: At each link, click the “Data Summaries” tab, then download the file “Facility-level by Pollutant.”
  3. Oil and Gas Production facilities are grouped under SIC codes 1311 and 1321 for the years 1996 and 1999 and NAICS codes beginning with 211 for the years 2002 – 2017.
  4. Using the SIC and NAICS variables, filter for oil and gas production facilities, then sum total emissions of CO, NOX, VOC, PM10, NH3, and SO2 in each year to arrive at the totals shown in this chart.
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Greenhouse Gases

How to Download Your Data
  1. Go to https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2020-04/us-ghg-inventory-chapter-text.zip. This link will open a ZIP file containing a full time series of all tables in the U.S. GHG Inventory report.
  2. Open folder for Chapter 3 - Energy
  3. For each year, 1996 through 2018, sum the following:
    1. In table 3-37 (CH4 from Petroleum Systems), sum of “Exploration” and “Production (Total)” rows, million metric tons CO2e (MMT CO2e)
    2. In table 3-39 (CO2 from Petroleum Systems), sum of “Exploration” and “Production” rows, million metric tons CO2e (MMT CO2e)
    3. In table 3-41 (N2O from Petroleum Systems), sum of “Exploration” and “Production” rows, and then divide by 1,000,000 (units are in metric tons CO2e)
    4. In table 3-57 (CH4 from Natural Gas Systems), sum of “Exploration” and “Production” rows, million metric tons CO2e (MMT CO2e)
    5. In table 3-59 (CO2 from Natural Gas Systems), sum of “Exploration” and “Production” rows, million metric tons CO2e (MMT CO2e)
    6. In table 3-61 (N2O from Natural Gas Systems), sum of “Exploration” and “Production” rows, and then divide by 1,000,000 (units are in metric tons CO2e)
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Hazardous Waste Generation

How to Download Your Data
  1. Go to https://rcrainfo.epa.gov/rcrainfoweb/action/modules/br/naics/view
  2. For each reporting cycle, sum the output across all NAICS codes to calculate the total shown in this chart for the year corresponding to that reporting cycle by using the following criteria:
    1. NAICS code: 2211
    2. Reporting cycles: 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017
    3. You do not need to change the “Generators to Include” dropdown or the “Location” dropdown before hitting submit.
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Criteria Air Pollutants

How to Download Your Data

Note: Processing National Emissions Inventory data will require use of data processing software. The data are available in a tab or comma-delimited text format that must be imported into a program that will allow you to analyze the file.

  1. For 1996, 1999, 2002, and 2005:
  2. For 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2017, use the following links: At each link, click the “Data Summaries” tab, then download the file “Facility-level by Pollutant.”
  3. Oil and gas processing facilities are grouped under SIC code 2911 for the years 1996 and 1999 and NAICS codes beginning with 32411 for the years 2002 – 2017.
  4. Using the SIC and NAICS variables, filter for oil and gas processing facilities, then sum total emissions of CO, NOX, VOC, PM10, NH3, and SO2 in each year to arrive at the totals shown in this chart.
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Greenhouse Gases

How to Download Your Data
  1. Go to https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2020-04/us-ghg-inventory-chapter-text.zip. This link will open a ZIP file containing a full time series of all tables in the U.S. GHG Inventory report.
  2. Open folder for Chapter 3 - Energy
  3. For each year, 1996 through 2018, sum the following:
    1. In table 3-37 (CH4 from Petroleum Systems), “Refining” row, million metric tons CO2e (MMT CO2e)
    2. In table 3-39 (CO2 from Petroleum Systems), “Crude Refining” row, million metric tons CO2e (MMT CO2e)
    3. In table 3-41 (N2O from Petroleum Systems), “Crude Refining” row, and then divide by 1,000,000 (units are in metric tons CO2e)
    4. In table 3-57 (CH4 from Natural Gas Systems), “Processing” row, million metric tons CO2e (MMT CO2e)
    5. In table 3-59 (CO2 from Natural Gas Systems), “Processing” row, million metric tons CO2e (MMT CO2e)
    6. In table 3-61 (N2O from Natural Gas Systems), “Processing” row, and then divide by 1,000,000 (units are in metric tons CO2e)
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Energy Use

How to Download Your Data
  1. Go to https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/aeo/
  2. Under “Reference case tables,” go to “View all reference case tables”
  3. Go to Table 24. Refining Industry Energy Consumption.
  4. For 2019, copy the value for “Total (trillion Btu)” under “Energy Consumption”
  5. Repeat for each Annual Energy Outlook, 2010-2019, copying only the first year of data from each. All other years in each report are projected values (AEO 2015 has 2012 and 2013 data).
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Hazardous Waste Generation

How to Download Your Data
  1. Go to https://rcrainfo.epa.gov/rcrainfoweb/action/modules/br/naics/view
  2. For each reporting cycle, sum the output across all NAICS codes to calculate the total shown in this chart for the year corresponding to that reporting cycle by using the following criteria:
    1. NAICS code: 2211
    2. Reporting cycles: 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017
    3. You do not need to change the “Generators to Include” dropdown or the “Location” dropdown before hitting submit.
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Dollar Value of Gross Output

How to Download Your Data
  1. Go to https://www.bea.gov/industry/gdpbyind_data.htm
  2. Select “Access Underlying Detail tables.”
  3. Select “Gross Output by Industry.”
  4. Select “U.Gross Output by Industry (A).” Then on the next page, click “Next Step.” The resulting data table will then load.
  5. Select “Modify” in the upper-right-hand corner of the table. In the resulting window:
    1. Set the scale as “Billions”
    2. Set the start year as “1997”
    3. Set the start year as “Most Recent”
    4. In the code list, select only “(211)” Do not select any other item in this menu, doing so may double count.
    5. Click “Refresh Table”
  6. Row 1 of the resulting table, labeled “Chemical products” provides the corresponding data shown in this chart for each year.
  7. (Optional) Download the dataset in XLS, CSV, or PDF format.

Note: NAICS 324110 (Petroleum Refineries) is not available in this dataset.

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Employment

How to Download Your Data

Note: Processing employment data from the Census Bureau will require use of data processing software. The data are available in a comma-delimited text format that must be imported into a software package that will allow you to analyze the file.

  1. Go to https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/data/datasets.html
  2. Click on any link labeled “County Business Patterns: YEAR.” On the resulting page, click the “Complete U.S. File” link and download the corresponding file. Repeat this process for each year from 1998 to 2018.
  3. Open each file in a software package of your choice that can process comma-delimited text files. Repeat the steps below for each file.
  4. For entities with suppressed data, the Census Bureau replaces all employment values with zeroes, and this underestimates the total number of employees in each sector. Using your software package, replace the suppression flags with the midpoint of the Data Suppression Flag employment ranges per the table below.
    Empflag Data Suppression Flag Employment Size Class Midpoint
    Min Max
    A 0 19 10
    B 20 99 60
    C 100 249 175
    E 250 499 375
    F 500 999 750
    G 1000 2,499 1,750
    H 2,500 4,999 3,750
    I 5000 9,999 7,500
    J 10,000 24,999 17,500
    K 25,000 49,999 37,500
    L 50,000 99,999 75,000
    M 100,000 >100,000 100,000
  5. In your software package, filter the data for NAICS codes that begin with 211.
  6. With the filter in place, aggregate the “emp” column across all records.
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Produced Goods

How to Download Your Data
  1. For petroleum quantity produced:
    1. Go to https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_crd_crpdn_adc_mbbl_m.htm
    2. Change the displayed “Period-Unit” dropdown to “Annual-Thousand Barrels”
    3. Click “Download Series History.” The resulting spreadsheet file will contain a worksheet, “Data 1” with “U.S. Field Production of Crude Oil (Thousand Barrels)” as Column B.
    4. To convert petroleum (thousand barrels) to Btu, multiply each annual value by 5,800,000,000.
  2. For natural gas quantity produced:
    1. Go to https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_prod_sum_a_EPG0_FGW_mmcf_m.htm
    2. Confirm that the “Data Series” dropdown displays “Gross Withdrawals.”
    3. Change the displayed “Period-Unit” dropdown to “Annual-Million Cubic Feet”
    4. Click “Download Series History.” The resulting spreadsheet file will contain a worksheet, “Data 1” with “U.S. Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals (MMcf)” as Column B.
    5. To convert natural gas (MMcf) to Btu, multiply each value by 1,037,000,000.
  3. Sum the converted petroleum values with the converted natural gas quantity values for each year to calculate the total quantity produced in Btu in each year.
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Employment

How to Download Your Data

Note: Processing employment data from the Census Bureau will require use of data processing software. The data are available in a comma-delimited text format that must be imported into a software package that will allow you to analyze the file.

  1. Go to https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/data/datasets.html
  2. Click on any link labeled “County Business Patterns: YEAR.” On the resulting page, click the “Complete U.S. File” link and download the corresponding file. Repeat this process for each year from 1998 to 2018.
  3. Open each file in a software package of your choice that can process comma-delimited text files. Repeat the steps below for each file.
  4. For entities with suppressed data, the Census Bureau replaces all employment values with zeroes, and this underestimates the total number of employees in each sector. Using your software package, replace the suppression flags with the midpoint of the Data Suppression Flag employment ranges per the table below.
    Empflag Data Suppression Flag Employment Size Class Midpoint
    Min Max
    A 0 19 10
    B 20 99 60
    C 100 249 175
    E 250 499 375
    F 500 999 750
    G 1000 2,499 1,750
    H 2,500 4,999 3,750
    I 5000 9,999 7,500
    J 10,000 24,999 17,500
    K 25,000 49,999 37,500
    L 50,000 99,999 75,000
    M 100,000 >100,000 100,000
  5. In your software package, filter the data for NAICS codes that begin with 324110.
  6. With the filter in place, aggregate the “emp” column across all records.
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Produced Goods

How to Download Your Data
  1. For petroleum quantity produced:
    1. Go to https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_crd_crpdn_adc_mbbl_m.htm
    2. Change the displayed “Period-Unit” dropdown to “Annual-Thousand Barrels”
    3. Click “Download Series History.” The resulting spreadsheet file will contain a worksheet, “Data 1” with “U.S. Field Production of Crude Oil (Thousand Barrels)” as Column B.
    4. To convert petroleum (thousand barrels) to Btu, multiply each annual value by 5,800,000,000.
  2. For natural gas quantity produced:
    1. Go to https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_prod_sum_a_EPG0_FGW_mmcf_m.htm
    2. Confirm that the “Data Series” dropdown displays “Gross Withdrawals.”
    3. Change the displayed “Period-Unit” dropdown to “Annual-Million Cubic Feet”
    4. Click “Download Series History.” The resulting spreadsheet file will contain a worksheet, “Data 1” with “U.S. Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals (MMcf)” as Column B.
    5. To convert natural gas (MMcf) to Btu, multiply each value by 1,037,000,000.
  3. Sum the converted petroleum values with the converted natural gas quantity values for each year to calculate the total quantity produced in Btu in each year.
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