Science Inventory

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Development and application of mapping 12,000 m resolution CMAQ land use specific deposition estimates to high resolution satellite data, e.g. 250m MODIS MCD12Q1 land use data, for the 2002-2017 EQUATES model simulations. Measurement studies have shown large differences in the ra...

This is a lecture on air pollution (including wildfire smoke) and health to be given to medical students in an elective environmental health seminar at the University of NC-Chapel Hill on Tuesday, June 10, 2025. 

Journal Article

 Background and Purpose Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are chemical compounds that form when disinfectants like chlorine, chloramine, or ozone react with organic and inorganic materials present in water. While disinfection is critical for protecting public health by eliminat...

Background and Purpose The EPA initiated the Endocrine Disruption Screening Program (EDSP) to identify chemicals interfering with the estrogen, androgen, and thyroid pathways in humans and wildlife. To modernize testing under the EDSP, EPA scientists devised computational models ...

The emergence of patterned neural network activity is a hallmark of the developing brain. This phenomenon has been modeled with in vitro cell culture systems using microelectrode arrays (MEA). The MEA network formation assay (NFA) was developed to detect perturbations in neural n...

Regulatory decision-making for chemical safety relies upon toxicity data generated from laboratory test species for the protection of the diversity of wildlife in the environment. Typically, ecological risk assessments integrate safety factors to account for interspecies variabil...

The ECOTOXicology Knowledgebase (ECOTOX) is a comprehensive, publicly available resource providing single chemical environmental toxicity data on aquatic life, terrestrial plants and wildlife.The database is updated quarterly, and to identify relevant references and extract perti...

Presentation to the American Society for Cellular and Computational Toxicology (ASCCT) Webinar on HTTr Technologies May 16, 2025  

The global regulatory landscape surrounding chemical safety is shifting away from animal testing and moving toward greater reliance on New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) including a rapid growth in molecular data and computational methods to achieve human and environmental protect...

Regulatory decisions surrounding chemical safety are based primarily, although not exclusively, on human and environmental protection. Historically, there has been a reliance on animal toxicity testing to inform hazard and risk assessment. Typically, mammalian data drive human he...

Excessive nutrients transported from agricultural fields into the environment are causing environmental and ecological problems. This study uses an integrated multi-media modeling system version 1 (IMMMS 1.0) linking air, land surface, and watershed processes to assess corn grain...

Modernization of chemical safety evaluations with more efficient and rapid, yet scientifically sound, approaches to protect human and ecological health are necessary to keep pace with the development of new chemicals. Historically and with the advent of high-throughput approaches...

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) conducts extensive research to enhance the scientific foundation for national environmental decision-making. In this context, US EPA has developed COMET (City-based Optimization Model for Energy Technologies) to capture t...

This presentation presents the framework to evaluate per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) destruction technologies. The other test methods (OTMs) developed and being developed to measure PFAS and fluorinated compounds in the air emissions from sources are briefly explained....

Wildfires are a major source of poor air quality across the U.S. The regulatory monitoring network is unable to capture the large spatial and temporal gradients of many smoke plumes, providing limited information to support emergency response teams managing the incident and commu...

Temporal patterns of tree mortality were determined for mature, naturally regenerated Douglas-fir-dominated (Pseudotsuga menziesii var menziesiiPseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) conifer stands along an elevational gradient in western Oregon, USA based on periodic mortality su...

Pregnancy is a time of heightened susceptibility to environmental exposures. Biological perturbations induced by the presence of xenobiotic chemicals can result in adverse health effects for both the mother and fetus. Traditional exposure monitoring for fetal exposure has been pe...

Identifying chemical stressors present in various environments is necessary to evaluate potential exposures and their subsequent health risks. Targeted analysis has been the traditional method for chemical monitoring; however, emergent chemicals and their transformation products ...

Background: With thousands of chemicals in commerce and the environment, rapid identification of potential hazards is a critical need. Combining broad molecular profiling with targeted in vitro assays, such as high-throughput transcriptomics (HTTr) and receptor scr...

Ballast water transfer is a major source of aquatic invasive species introductions in the Great Lakes. Therefore, ballast monitoring would be valuable to ensure viable organisms are not introduced to vulnerable habitats. eDNA provides a useful detection tool, but molecular method...

We are developing a guidance document for consistent bioassessment of coastal and estuarine areas using video or still imaging of the seafloor. Benthic biota responds to the combined effects of natural and anthropogenic stressors and can tell us the condition of an area and ident...

Community-engaged research (CER) is increasingly being used for “wicked” problems such as environmental injustice and climate adaptation. CER is designed with and for the community, producing relevant results directly applicable to community priorities. This approach ...

Excess nutrients have long been linked to algal blooms, and significant effort has been made to reduce commonly limiting nutrients, i.e. phosphorus.  Despite significant reductions in Phosphorus loading in the Lake Erie watershed, ~40% reduction, harmful algal blooms (HABs) ...

Ballast water transfer is a major source of aquatic species introductions in the Great Lakes. Therefore, ballast monitoring would be valuable to ensure viable organisms are not introduced to vulnerable habitats. DNA provides a useful detection tool, but molecular methods are unde...