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The period of neurodevelopment is vulnerable to various insults, including those produced by environmental compounds. We have previously observed behavioral alterations (uncoordinated hindlimb gait, decreased startle response, altered motor activity ontogeny) following perinatal ...

Background: We have previously observed altered ontogeny of locomotor activity and uncoordinated hindlimb gait and decreased startle response in adult animals following perinatal exposure to emamectin benzoate (EB), which acts as a positive allosteric modulator for GABA-gated chl...

Background and Purpose: During the sensitive perinatal period, environmental stressors are a threat to brain development. We applied proteomics to investigate the protein changes occurring during the early postnatal rat cerebellum development. Methods: High-resolution mass spect...

Label free quantitation (LFQ) was applied to proteome profiling of rat brain cortical development during the early postnatal period. Male and female rat brain extracts were prepared using a convenient, detergent-free sample preparation technique at postnatal development days (PND...

This report highlights the salient findings from SHC products contributed by a team of ORD investigators from PHITD and CPAD of CPHEA, CCED of CCTE, and ORISE. The SHC research focused on the influences of maternal exposure to chemical and non-chemical stressors, and their intera...

Early neurodevelopmental periods are vulnerable to environmental compounds. Unfortunately, there are few adverse outcome pathways (AOP) that explore these critical periods. AOPs detail a series of biological responses linked by key events following a molecular initiating event an...

Research indicates that the effects of chemicals may be exacerbated by non-chemical factors such as psychosocial and physical stressors. These stressors, along with many chemicals, are disproportionately found in lower socioeconomic communities and their prevalence has been negat...

We are using protein signature alterations produced by prototypical neurotoxicants, to allow better understanding of the molecular events produced by these compounds. Adult male Long Evans rats were treated with kainic acid (KA; 6 mg/mL, s.c., chosen not to produce myoclonic seiz...

Formation of neural networks is a fundamental neurodevelopmental process important for sensory, motor, and cognitive function.  The microelectrode array (MEA) network formation assay is a tool being used as a developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) new approach methodology (NAM) t...

Perinatal life experiences, including the physiological and psychological well-being of the mother, may alter susceptibility to adverse health risks throughout one’s lifetime. Although many organ systems may be affected, the developing brain is particularly vulnerable to di...

Humans are exceedingly exposed to various chemicals over a lifetime, of which more than 100,0000 require testing for potential adverse effects. The National Academy of Science has suggested utilizing advances in molecular biology to identifying adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for...

Triethyltin (TET) is a neurotoxicant known to induce myelin edema in both the central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous system. Some studies conclude that PNS alterations occur later and require higher dosages when compared to CNS changes. However, evaluation of the acute effect...

We are using proteomics to measure changes in protein signatures produced by prototypical neurotoxicants, allowing better understanding of the molecular events produced by these compounds. Adult male Long Evans rats were treated with kainic acid (KA; 6 mg/mL, s.c., chosen not to ...

Manganese (Mn), an element that naturally occurs in the environment, has been shown to produce neurotoxic effects on the developing young when levels exceed physiological requirements. To evaluate the effects of this chemical in combination with non-chemical factors pregnant Long...

Neurotoxicants may be widespread in the environment and can produce serious health impacts in the human population. Screening programs have generated data for thousands of chemicals, but these in vitro methods alone have not been shown to accurately predict neurotoxicity requirin...

Psychological stress experienced by  the  mother during pregnancy has  been associated with  emotional and cognitive disorders in children such as depression and anxiety. Socioeconomically disadvantaged populations are vulnerable to adverse life experiences and can also be dispro...

The developmental effects of chemicals that co-occur in vulnerable populations with elevated psychological stress are of increasing concern to the public. To investigate these concerns, we developed a rodent model of co-occurring perinatal manipulations and conducted a series of ...

Neuroelectrophysiology is an old science, dating to the 18th century when electrical activity in nerves was discovered. Such discoveries have led to a variety of neurophysiological techniques, ranging from basic neuroscience to clinical applications. These clinical applications a...

Neurotoxicity has been linked to exposure to a number of common drugs and chemicals, yet efficient and minimally-invasive methods for prediction of neurological changes are lacking. Fluid-based biomarkers such as those found in serum, plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ...

Neurotoxicity has been linked to exposure to a number of common drugs and chemicals, yet efficient and minimally-invasive methods for prediction of neurological changes are lacking. Biological products such as those found in serum, plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hav...

DNTS P10 Manganese consumption and perinatal stress cause persistent, sex-dependent, and complex changes on attentional function in rats Wendy Oshiro 1, Tracey Beasley1, Kathy McDaniel1, Ginger Moser 2, David Herr1 1 US EPA, Research Triangle Park, USA. 2 Retired, US EPA, Rese...

Noise has become a prevalent public health problem across the world. Although there is a significant amount of data demonstrating the harmful effects of noise on the body, very little is known about how it impacts subsequent responses to other environmental stressors like air pol...

Neurotoxicity has been linked to exposure to a number of drugs and chemicals, yet efficient, predictive, and minimally-invasive methods to detect it are lacking. Fluid-based biomarkers such as those found in serum, plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have great potential...

The Hard-Soft Acid and Base hypothesis can be used to predict the potential bio-reactivity (electrophilicity) of a chemical with intracellular proteins, resulting in neurotoxicity. Twelve chemicals predicted to be neurotoxic were evaluated in vitro in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG...

Neurotoxicity has been linked to exposure to a number of common drugs and chemicals, yet efficient, predictive, and minimally-invasive methods to detect it are lacking. Fluid-based biomarkers such as those found in serum, plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have great po...