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EPA will continue to improve and demonstrate its capability to assess environmental conditions and determine the relative risks that contaminated land poses to health and the environment. The Agency will ensure that the environmental data it collects is of known, documented, and ...

The first part of this study reviews world-wide research on cold climate oil spills on land to identify some of the terrestrial environmental factors in cold regions affected by oil spills and some of the techniques for measuring impacts and terrestrial systems, primarily soils. ...

When a dispersant is applied to an oil slick, its effectiveness in dispersing the spilled oil depends on various factors such as oil properties, wave mixing energy, temperature of both oil and water, and salinity of the water. Estuaries represent water with varying salinities. In...

Deepwater spills result in oil distributed from deep in the water column to the water surface. The objective of this study was to test eight of the available dispersants (including Corexit 9500A, which was used extensively on the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Spill) on South Louisiana C...

In situ, at-sea burning (ISB) of oil spills is a commonly accepted method for reducing environmental impacts. Assessing effects of resulting air pollution has been made difficult by our limited ability to representatively and effectively sample the combustion products. The develo...

Factors affecting anaerobic biodegradation kinetics of canola oil in freshwater sediments were investigated. An optimum dose of ferric hydroxide (10.5 g Fe(III)·kg<SUP>-1</SUP> sediment) was found to stimulate anaerobic biodegradation of canola oil (18.6 g oil kg<SUP>-1</SUP>). ...

Oil spilled into aquatic environments is subject to a number of fates, including natural dispersion, emulsification and weathering. An oil slick moves due to the inherent spreading of the oil, currents, winds and waves. All of these processes influence the impacts of the oil on...

ORD is conducting research on bioremediation impacting Superfund sites, RCRA facilities, underground storage tanks and oil spills. Work supporting Superfund is focused on understanding monitored natural recovery in sediments for contaminants including PCBs and PAHs. Under RCRA,...

This output provides tools to help site managers and thereby communities and site to better evaluate and predict the potential public health impacts of fuels and oil spills. These tools will assist in identifying and addressing impacts to advance public health through prevention...

Bioremediation of oil spills on tidally influenced beaches commonly involves the addition of a nutrient solution to the contaminated region of the beach at low tide to stimulate the growth of indigenous oil-degrading bacteria. Maximizing the residentce time of nutrients in the be...

The effectiveness of five solidifiers to remove Prudhoe Bay crude oil from artificial seawater in the laboratory was determined by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The performance of the solidifers was determined by US-V...

<br>This paper presents a summary of the various factors influencing weathering of oil after it has been released into the invironment from a spill incident. Special emphasis will be placed on biodegradation processes. The source of most of the information for this article come...

Multicomponent composition and corresponding physical properties data of crude oils and petroleum products are needed as input to environmental fate simulations. Complete sets of such data, however, are not available in the literature due to the complexity and expense of making t...

Unconventional diluted bitumen (dilbit) oil products present an increasing environmental concern because of extensive transport in North America, recent spills into aquatic habitats, and limited understanding of environmental fate and toxicity. Dilbits are blends of highly weathe...

This data brief presents leachate disposal and management data for 43 active or closed municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills and planar surface areas for 40 of those landfills in Ohio, USA. Data were extracted from publicly available Annual Operational Reports from the Ohio Envir...

The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between dispersion effectiveness in freshwater and the surfactant composition for fresh and weathered crude oil. Although limited research on the chemical dispersion of crude oil and petroleum products in freshwat...

Elevated temperature landfills (ETLFs) are municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills that have been impacted by subsurface exothermic reactions (SERs) and display unusual gas and leachate composition. Leachate quantity and quality data were analyzed to identify indicators of a SER. A...

The EPA Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response's (OSWER) Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation (OSRTI) needs innovative methods and techniques to solve new and difficult sampling and analytical problems found at the numerous Superfund sites throughout th...

The combined effects of wave kinematics, turbulent diffusion, and buoyancy on the transport of oil droplets at sea were investigated in this work using random walk techniques in a Monte Carlo framework. Six hundred oil particles were placed at the water surface and tracked for 5...

The Treatment and Destruction Branch (TDB) conducts bioremediation and physical/chemical treatment research. Research in the branch is primarily concerned with the removal of organic chemical contaminants from soil and sediments. TDB is a part of NRMRL's Land Remediation and Pol...

Landfill gas (LFG) extraction wellhead data were compared to understand the range of observations due to unique conditions at five elevated temperature landfills (ETLFs) in the US. Correlations of CH4 and CO2 show distinct compositional indicators for 1. typical operation, 2. sub...

Bayesian networks (BNs, also known as Bayesian belief networks) are a means of describing cause and effect using directed acyclic graphs where the interactions between the nodes are described using conditional probability tables. That is a way of saying that that there are nodes...

The <I>Exxon Valdex</I> oil spill, which led to the enactment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, gave rise to the largest bioremediation field trial ever attempted. A research sutdy was conducted by EPA in 1989 and 1990 to develop data to support the recommendation to go forward w...

The physical redistribution of oil between the inside and outside of experimental plots can affect the results of bioremediation field studies that are conducted on shorelines contaminated by real oil spills. Because untreated oil from the surrounding beach will enter the plot, ...

The baffled flask test (BFT) has been proposed by United States Environmental Protection Agency to be adopted as the official standard protocol for testing dispersant effectiveness. The mixing energy in the baffled flask is investigated in this paper. Particle image velocimetry (...