Science Inventory

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Protein processing operations include animal slaughtering, meat and poultry product production, and/or rendering of byproducts. These facilities utilize large volumes of water for hair/hide/feather removal, carcass washing, chilling, trimming and cutting, cooking, and cleaning/sa...

Onsite non-potable water systems (ONWS) collect and treat local source waters for non-potable end uses such as toilet flushing and irrigation. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) has been used to set pathogen log10-reduction targets (LRTs) for ONWS to achieve the risk b...

Atmospheric water harvesting can provide a high-quality water source for potable or non-potable applications.  However, like other water sources, collected condensate must be managed appropriately to prevent microbial growth.  Of particular concern are opportunistic pathogens suc...

Increasing water shortages and aging infrastructure have broadened interest in using alternative source waters for a range of end uses. Developing fit-for-purpose treatment approaches requires consideration of both the proximal risks of reuse-related exposures and the more distal...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health threat that is projected to lead to 10 million deaths annually by 2030. The AMR public health issue has led to the development of action plans to combat AMR, including improved antimicrobial stewardship, development of new a...

Water is a defining issue of our time. Cities across the world are rethinking the traditional linear approach to water systems in the face of drought, extreme weather, and associated impacts on water quantity and quality. Reuse of alternative water sources for a variety of non-po...

Presentation to the Global Water Research Coalition (GWRC) on holistic assessments of water reuse configurations that consider both proximal, short term risks (e.g., acute infection following exposure) and distal, long term ones (impacts of climate change).

Roof runoff has the potential to serve as an important local water source in regions with growing populations and limited water supply. Given the scarcity of guidance regulating the use of roof runoff, a need exists to characterize the microbial quality of roof runoff. The object...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been identified as one of the top medical issues worldwide, leading many countries to place greater emphasis on combating resistant bacteria through a multipronged, coordinated approach.  A consensus has emerged among the greater public hea...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been identified as one of the major public health threats of the 21st  Century. In 2019, 2.8 million American were infected with antibiotic resistant bacteria, leading to over 35,000 deaths and between $21-24 billion in health care costs. G...

This talk summarizes our current research on decentralized water systems, focuses on both our development of risk-based guidance for fit-for-purpose reuse of alternative waters and integrated assessment of  the life cycle costs/impacts of different decentralized system scena...

Increasing water shortages and aging infrastructure have broadened interest in using alternative source waters for a range of end uses. Developing fit-for-purpose treatment approaches requires consideration of both the proximal risks of reuse-related exposures and the more distal...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major public health threats of the 21st century. The magnitude of the AMR public health issue impelled the worldwide development of multifaceted action plans to combat AMR, including improved stewardship of antibiotics, development of ...

This talk summarizes our current research on decentralized water systems, focuses on both our development of risk-based guidance for fit-for-purpose reuse of alternative waters and integrated assessment of  the life cycle costs/impacts of different decentralized system scena...

Wastewater monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 presents a means of tracking COVID-19 community infection dynamics on a broader geographic scale. However, accounting for environmental and sample-processing losses may be necessary for wastewater measurements to readily inform our understandin...

Onsite non-potable water systems (ONWS) collect and treat locally available source waters (e.g., wastewater, graywater, stormwater, and roof runoff) for end uses such as toilet flushing and irrigation. Quantitative microbial risk assessment has been used to develop pathogen log-r...

Summary: A life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) study that estimates environmental impact and cost of operating an existing indirect potable reuse (IPR) system in Gwinnett County, Georgia and compares that impact to two hypothetical direct potable reus...

Onsite collection of air conditioning (AC) condensate can provide significant quantities of water for non-potable applications such as cooling towers and landscape irrigation.  While generally considered a high-quality source, empirical studies of condensate water quality to...

Introduction:  The presence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella enterica in water indicates environmental contamination and is an emergent food safety issue. Identifying and developing effective and sensitive detection methods for antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella from wa...

Increasing water shortages and aging infrastructure have broadened interest in using alternative source waters for a range of end uses. Developing fit-for-purpose treatment approaches requires consideration of both the proximal risks of reuse-related exposures and the more distal...

Antimicrobial resistance (AR) is a serious global problem due to the overuse of antimicrobials in human, animal, and agriculture sectors. There is intense research to control the dissemination of AR, but little is known regarding the environmental drivers influencing its spread. ...

This talk summarizes our current research on decentralized water systems, focuses on both our development of risk-based guidance for fit-for-purpose reuse of alternative waters and integrated assessment of the life cycle costs/impacts of different decentralized system scenarios. ...

Update presentation to the National Blue Ribbon Commission for Onsite Non-potable Water Systems (NBRC) describing new pathogen log-reduction targets (LRTs) for onsite water reuse.  The updated draft LRTs reflect the state-of-the-science on source water pathogen characterizat...

Urban water systems are not self-contained units, economically or ecologically. They rely on larger biophysical supports from natural capital. The behavior of such systems as a whole and the interactions between subcomponents can be observed. The optimization at system level to a...

In 2017, WE&RF published the guidance document “Risk-Based Framework for the Development of Public Health Guidance for Decentralized Non-Potable Water Systems” recommending pathogen log-reduction targets (LRTs) for the treatment of alternative water sources (graywater, combined w...