Science Inventory

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In April 2023, the IRIS Program released the draft IRIS Toxicological Review of Perfluorodecanoic Acid (PFDA) and Related Salts for public comment and external peer review. The IRIS assessment of PFDA will undergo an independent external scientific peer review managed by ERG, a c...

Plastic particles are now found ubiquitously in the environment. As the abundance of plastic increases in marine systems, the magnitude of adverse biological and ecological effects of plastics of various size classes (macro-, micro-, nano-) need to be evaluated for potential risk...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of man-made chemicals that have been in use since the 1940s in a wide array of consumer products. PFAS are persistent in the environment and bioaccumulate. Thermal treatment methods are currently applied to a variety of mater...

The use and production of engineered nanomaterials have grown rapidly over the past few decades due to their unique properties and versatility.  However, the full extent of nanomaterials’ impact on the environment is currently unknown.  In this study, we use the W...

Metals and metalloids are widely used in producing plastic materials as fillers and pigments, which can be used to track the environmental fate of real-life nanoplastics in environmental and biological systems. Therefore, this study investigated the metal and metalloids concentra...

With the advancement of nanotechnology, nanoparticles are widely used in many different industrial processes and consumer products. Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) are among the most toxic nanomaterials. We investigated Cu NPs toxicity in Human Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell...

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are notorious for their widespread prevalence in aquatic and sedimentary ecosystems, recalcitrance, and carcinogenicity. Dredging and land-filling are still commonly used for treating PCB contaminated m...

Plastic particles are found ubiquitously in the environment, and as plastic abundance increases in marine systems, the adverse biological and ecological effects of plastics of various size classes (macro-, micro-, nano-) needs to be evaluated for potential risks. Marine sediments...

The objective of this research was to perform a genomics study of five cerium oxide particles, 4 nano and one micrometer-sized particles which have been studied previously by our group with respect to cytotoxicity, biochemistry and metabolomics. Human liver carcinoma HepG2 c...

There is an increasing volume of nano-enabled materials in the market. Once composites containing nano-additives are disposed of, weathering could deteriorate their structures, releasing nanoparticles and risking exposure of humans and aquatic organisms. Composite degradation due...

In order to understand toxicity of nano silver, human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells were treated either with silver nitrate (AgNO¿) or with nano silver capped with glutathione (Ag-S) at various concentration. Differentially expressed genelists for mRNA and microRN...

Complex interactions of chemical and physical properties with environmental and biological factors greatly affect the behavior including fate and transport of Engineered Nanomaterials, ENMs.  The increasing number of consumer products containing nanomaterials are exponential...

Polylactic acid (PLA) filaments are widely used in fused filament fabrication (FFF) processes (3D printing). Filament additives such as metallic particles incorporated into PLA to modify functional and aesthetic features of print objects are becoming increasingly popular. However...

Presentation on method and monitoring development that involves the detection, speciation, and identification of emerging contaminants, including nanomaterials and micro/nanoplastics, in various media. Discussion will focus on current work analyzing micro and nanoplastics which i...

Although a considerable knowledge base exists for environmental contamination from nanoscale and colloidal particles, significant knowledge gaps exist regarding the sources, transport, distribution, and effects of microplastic pollution (plastic particles < 5 mm)...

Presentation focuses on current challenges and strategies for evidence integration in risk assessment, including comprehensive source to outcome characterization and using AEP and AOP frameworks to create a conceptual mechanistic scaffold by which to evaluate and integrate NAMs i...

Biochar is one of the promising adsorbents for phosphorus remediation, as well as heavy metal removal from contaminated water. It is a solid material, prepared from biomass, like wood waste, by low temperature (< 700¿C) pyrolysis under a limited supply of oxygen. In this study, b...

The objective of the USEPA&rsquo;s Microplastic (MP) research has been to standardize and develop methods to extract MP from environmental matrices particularly for sediments.&nbsp; Analysis of MP is complicated due to their heterogeneous nature and three order magnitude size ran...

This high-level overview includes USEPA&rsquo;s research to standardize and develop extraction and identification methods for Micro/nano plastics (MP) from environmental matrices.&nbsp; Analysis of MP is complicated due to their heterogeneous nature, large concentrations of addit...

The 2023 Nano Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) webinar series will focus on the questions, challenges, and breakthroughs needed to continue advancing the responsible development of nanotechnology. The 2023 theme complements the NNI's effort to refresh its 2011 nanoEHS rese...

To match exponential increases in plastic manufacturing and the expanding diversity of material applications, production of performance-enhancing polymer additives has also greatly increased. Many polymer-associated chemicals (PAC) are not covalently bound to the polymer and may ...

Achieving sustainable agricultural productivity and global food security are two of the biggest challenges of the new millennium. Addressing these challenges requires innovative technologies that can uplift global food production, while minimizing collateral environmental damage ...

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have emerged as their own unique class of contaminants to the environment, due to their increased use and production over the past several decades.&nbsp; ENMs vary in their composit...

Plastic production and usage have increased dramatically over last several decades. Due to their durability, inadequate waste management and resistance to degradation, plastics tend to accumulate in landfills and aquatic habitats. Upon entering marine ecosystems, these contaminan...

Microplastics (MPs) (defined as plastic particles &lt; 5 mm in size) and microfibers are widely distributed in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.&nbsp; The plastics are often combined in composites with nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes or graphene oxide that maximize desir...