Science Inventory

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Background and Purpose The Endocrine Disruption Screening Program (EDSP) was launched by EPA to screen pesticides and other chemicals for the potential to perturb the estrogen, androgen, and thyroid pathways in humans and wildlife. Recently, EPA has worked to develop in vitro hig...

Background and Purpose The identification of chemicals with the potential to disrupt androgen signaling is a key component of the EPA’s Endocrine Disruption Screening Program (EDSP). EPA researchers have worked to devise in vitro assays and computational models to serve as ...

Several adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) have linked molecular initiating events like aromatase inhibition, androgen receptor (AR) agonism, and estrogen receptor (ER) antagonism to reproductive impairment in adult fish. Estrogen receptor agonists can also cause adverse reproductiv...

Given concerns about potential toxicological hazards of the thousands of data-poor per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) currently in commerce and detected in the environment, tiered testing strategies that employ high-throughput in vitro screening as an initial testin...

Product description/abstract: Rusty will copy/paste this in from your abstract/paper. The U.S. EPA’s Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) was developed to investigate the potential for chemicals to interact with the vertebrate endocrine system and to characterize a...

Thyroid hormone system disruption (THSD) negatively affects multiple developmental processes and organs. In fish, inhibition of deiodinases, which are enzymes crucial for (in)activating thyroid hormones (THs), leads to impaired swim bladder inflation. Until now, the underlying me...

The transition to include in vitro-based data in chemical hazard assessment has resulted in the development and implementation of screening assays to cover a diversity of biological pathways, including recently added assays to interrogate chemical disruption of proteins relevant ...

To better understand endocrine disruption, the US Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) utilizes a two-tiered approach to investigate the potential of a chemical to interact with the estrogen, androgen, or thyroid systems. As&...

To reduce the use of intact animals for chemical safety testing, while ensuring protection of ecosystems and human health, there is a demand for new approach methodologies (NAMs) that provide relevant scientific information at a quality equivalent to or better than traditional ap...

Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) are precursors and intermediates to the toxic, persistent, and bioaccumulative perfluorocarboxylic acids and are of concern to human health and the environment.  To better understand the toxicity and risk from FTOHs, male and female rats were o...

Per- and polyfluroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of chemicals of concern based on their potential persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. A tiered approach to screening and testing using new approach methodologies has been proposed as one of the few tractable appro...

High-throughput screening (HTS) assays allow for rapidly testing many chemicals for bioactivity at specific molecular targets. One goal of HTS is to reduce the time and cost of generating data to support evaluation of chemicals for potential endocrine disruption. Data from these ...

A presentation at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – Japan Ministry of the Environment 16th Bilateral Meeting on Endocrine Disruption Test Methods Development. The topic covers EPA activities related to New Approach Methods for endocrine disruption hazard screening. 

A number of xenobiotics interfere with thyroid hormone (TH) signaling. Although adequate supplies of TH are necessary for normal brain development, regulatory reliance on serum TH as proxies for brain TH insufficiency is fraught with significant uncertainties. A more direct causa...

To evaluate relationships between different anthropogenic impacts, contaminant occurrence, and fish health, we conducted in situ fish exposures across the Shenandoah River watershed at five sites with different land use. Exposure water was analyzed for over 500 chemical constitue...

Recent technological advances have moved the field of toxicogenomics from reliance on microarray platforms to high-throughput transcriptomic technologies that measure global gene expression. Gene expression biomarkers are emerging as useful tools for interpreting gene expression ...

Introduction: Analysis of streamlined computational models used to predict androgen disrupting chemicals revealed that assays measuring androgen receptor (AR) cofactor recruitment/dimerization were particularly indispensable to high predictivity, especially for AR antagonist...

There is increased concern for environmental chemicals that can target various sites within the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis to disrupt thyroid synthesis, transport, metabolism and/or function.  One well known thyroid target that has been described in both humans and ...

Multiple in vivo test guidelines focusing on the estrogen, androgen, thyroid, and steroidogenesis pathways have been developed and validated for mammals, amphibians, or fish. However, these tests are resource-intensive and often use a large number of laboratory animals. Developin...

Endocrine active chemicals are of concern for chemical hazard evaluation, and several new approach methodologies (NAMs) have been developed to rapidly screen chemicals for biological activities leading to endocrine disruption. Aromatase (CYP19A1), for example, catalyzes the biosy...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of chemicals of concern due to their widespread use, accumulation in humans and wildlife, and potential for toxicity. Based on bioactivity screening, over 25% of PFAS evaluated showed some degree of estrogenic activity....

Glucocorticoid-mediated bioactivity has been detected in North American surface waters.  However, the bioavailability and in vivo potency of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonists in environmental mixtures remains undefined. To better understand the sensitivity of in vivo, he...

Current Understanding of PFAS Toxicology with Animal Models and Corresponding Findings in Epidemiological Surveys Christopher Lau, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Pa...

Since initial regulatory action in 2010 in Canada, bisphenol A (BPA) has been progressively replaced by structurally related alternative chemicals. Unfortunately, many of these chemicals are data-poor, limiting toxicological risk assessment. We used high-throughput transcriptomic...

Many environmental contaminants reduce circulating levels of thyroid hormones (TH). EPA has developed a suite of high-throughput in vitro assays to identify potential target sites within the thyroid axis. One important target site is the sodium iodine symporter (NIS), a transport...