Science Inventory

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Agricultural soils are increasingly undergoing inadvertent and purposeful exposures to engineered CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs), which can impact crops and root-associated microbial communities. However, interactions between NP concentration and exposure duration on plant-mediate...

New approach methodologies (NAMs) are being evaluated for their utility to inform developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) hazard instead of using animals. This work compares predictive models for DNT using DNT NAMs data. The dataset comprised 200 chemicals screened in 17 DNT assays wit...

The relationship between environmental chemical exposure and a spectrum of neurological diseases is well-established. However, unraveling the underlying mechanism between human exposure and toxic outcomes presents significant challenges. Evaluation of neurotoxicity potential usin...

Over the past decade, a concerted effort has been made to develop in vitro and alternative assays that detect compounds with the potential to cause developmental neurotoxicity. As a result, a battery of assays has been developed that is believed to be useful for decision-making r...

Hepatic steatosis (fatty liver disease) is a pathological condition that may alter xenobiotic metabolism, thereby increasing susceptibility to environmental toxicants. Here we used a metabolically competent human liver-derived cell line – HepaRG – to model steatosis f...

This is a presentation abstract for proposed session, ID 141, Advances in New Approach Methods for Thyroid Toxicity Testing, for the SOT 2024 Annual Meeting.  Abstract: There is significant regulatory need to evaluate chemicals that may disrupt the thyroid endocrine system. ...

New approach methodologies (NAMs) for hazard are often evaluated via comparison to animal studies; however, variability in animal study data limits NAM accuracy. The US EPA Toxicity Reference Database (ToxRefDB) enables consideration of variability in effect levels, including the...

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Chemical safety assessment begins with defining the lowest level of chemical that alters one or more measured endpoints. This critical effect level, along with factors to account for uncertainty, is used to derive limits for human exposure. In the absence of data regarding the sp...

There is a need to develop computational new approach methods (NAMs) for chemical safety assessment to help keep pace with the rate at which new chemicals are being added to the market. The ability to better predict which chemicals are of the most concern for environmental safety...

EPA published final scoping documents for twenty High Priority and three Manufacturer-Requested chemical substances for risk evaluation under TSCA. During the scoping process, EPA received comments from stakeholders urging the Agency to consider evaluating several chemical substa...

1,4-Dioxane was one of the first 10 chemical substances undergoing the TSCA risk evaluation process after passage of the Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act, which amended TSCA in 2016. The 2023 Draft Supplement includes evaluation of additional conditio...

Cosm studies examining the toxicity of atrazine to aquatic plant communities are a significant part of the process to estimate the concentration equivalent-level of concern (CE–LOC). Accordingly, from 2002 to 2016, the EPA considered over 70 cosm studies obtained from the open li...

This text-mining/literature-mining tool was built to support the writing of a draft Review Paper on the Retinoid System for the OECD Test Guidelines Programme. The tool gathers and allows navigation through the concepts (biological and chemical) related to retinoid activity in ma...

The read-across method is a popular data gap filling technique with developed application for multiple purposes, including regulatory. Within the US Environmental Protection Agency's (US EPA) New Chemicals Program under Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), read-across has been wi...

The EPA National PFAS Testing Strategy was intended to be iteratively updated and refined based on on-going research and data collection activities. The on-going research effort includes: 1. Updated models for physical chemical properties to better inform environmental and exposu...

The ability to predict which chemicals are of concern for environmental safety is dependent, in part, on the ability to extrapolate chemical effects across many species. This work investigated the complementary use of two computational new approach methodologies to support cross-...

Computational screening for potentially bioactive molecules using advanced molecular modeling approaches including molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation is mainstream in certain fields like drug discovery. Significant advances in computationally predicting protein st...

AOP-Wiki release 2.5 is intended to implement the following feature upgrades/changes to the AOP-Wiki (aopwiki.org):  (1) automatic assignment of molecular initiating event (MIE) and adverse outcome (AO) designations in the AOP search table; (2) ability to filter displayed AO...

Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) are a framework for organizing scientific information concerning the linkage between biological perturbations measured at low levels of biological organization (e.g., molecular, biochemical, cellular) and adverse effects of concern for risk assessm...

Under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is required to determine whether a new chemical substance poses an unreasonable risk to human health or the environment before the chemical is manufactured in or imported into...

The expanding number and complexity of substances used in products on the Canadian market presents a major challenge for risk assessment evaluating the health or ecological risks posed by these chemicals. The increasing demand and general paucity of data provides the opportunity ...

Existing aqueous fluorinated fire-fighting foams (AFFF) contain per- and poly-fluoro alkyl substances such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). While these fluorinated foams are highly effective at fighting flammable liquid (Class B) fires, the fluorinated compounds are an env...

Analytical methods are scattered across the internet in the form of regulatory methods, laboratory procedures, standard operating procedures, scientific publications and instrument vendor technical notes. The chemical substances in the methods are represented in a heterogeneous m...

This work estimates benchmarks for new approach method (NAM) performance in predicting organ-level effects in repeat dose studies of adult animals based on variability in replicate animal studies. Treatment-related effect values from the Toxicity Reference dat...