Science Inventory

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The worksheet contains microbial, disinfection byproduct (DBP), and other water quality parameters at public water systems distribution network.

Along with oceanic changes, subsidence and uplift - vertical land motion (VLM) - drives spatial variation in sea level change that affects flood risk for crucial infrastructure. Given the vulnerability of the coastal infrastructure due to vertical land motion and relative sea-lev...

Nitrate is a drinking water contaminant regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, with a maximum contaminant level of 10 mg L−1 as nitrogen. In the U.S. Midwest, nitrate concentration in many drinking water sources exceeds that threshold due to non-po...

Anatoxin-a (ATX) is a neurotoxic cyanotoxin found in freshwater globally. Multiple genera of cyanobacteria can produce anatoxins and include producers associated with planktonic blooms such as Aphanizomenon, Dolichospermum, and Planktothrix and those most associated with benthic ...

This chapter discusses available information on the occurrence of nitrification during water treatment and its potential impact on distribution system water quality. Nitrification (either intentionally encouraged or unknowingly) as part of the water treatment process can occur wh...

An increase in the occurrence of large, high severity wildfires in the western Pacific Northwest (PNW), USA, has created an urgent need for science to better inform forest management and policy decisions to maintain source water quality in the region. The western PNW faces simila...

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics, derived from consumer products such as plastic bottles and clothing, are pervasive in the environment with documented detection in human arteries and brains among other tissues, although their health impacts remain unclear. This stu...

This presentation serves to engage users and data curators from state governments in a discussion about Community Water System Service Areas and ways to improve them in the future. Slides for a panel discussion / presentation at the E2I conference in Kansas City, MO. September 18...

This presentation is for the Small Drinking Water Systems Webinar on August 27th. I will give an overview of the recently released dataset and discuss how it can be used for research in combination with publicly available drinking water data. "EPA's Office of Research and De...

We used toxicologically informed relative potency factors (RPFs) to compare RPF-weighted versus unweighted epidemiologic analyses of five birth defects (atrial septal defect [ASD], ventricular septal defect [VSD], tetralogy of Fallot [TOF], cleft palate without cleft lip, and obs...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been released into the environment for decades and are a concern for human and environmental health. PFAS are considered largely inert, but studies show that some PFAS can undergo chemical reactions that can impact their environment...

This dataset includes the data and metadata associated with a year long watershed study to study the presence of antimicrobial resistance in surface waters within the East Fork watershed.  In July 2022 sampling and analysis of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in surface wate...

EPA Tools and Resources Webinar to present work on community water system service area boundaries. Community water systems deliver household water supplies to over 85% of the population. The release of this important dataset opens up a wide range of applications ranging from the ...

This is a presentation to be given for the HABs, Hypoxia, and Nutrients Research Webinar. The presentation shows that wildfire smoke contains high amounts of nutrients compared to non-smoke days. The elevated phosphorus is particularly notable relative to non-smoke measurements. ...

Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) passive samplers were used to quantify aqueous phase concentrations (CDGT) of 32 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in laboratory-scale batch reactors.  Two-compartment diffusion cell tests interpreted with a non-steady-state f...

Following a natural disaster, communities need access to clean water not only for drinking but also for cooking, cleaning, mobile showers, laundry, and medical triage. Similarly, mitigation and recovery following a man-made incident, or an accident could require water treatment. ...

This research aims to use membrane distillation (MD) to treat problematic hypersaline per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)-laden waste streams. Results are shown for four commercially available membranes (unlaminated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene laminated P...

Thyroid hormones (TH) are critical for brain development. Parvalbumin (Pvalb) and calbindin (Calb) are two Ca2+-binding proteins expressed in GABAergic interneurons. In rats, a phenotypic switch from Calb+- to Pvalb+- expression occurs in interneurons around postnatal day (PN) 10...

Background and Purpose: North Carolina (NC) has been shown to have per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination, including in the Cape Fear region, with detections in drinking water and serum. However, little is known about PFAS accumulation in human follicular fluid ...

Non-targeted analysis (NTA) is commonly used for the detection and identification of emerging pollutants, including many per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). While NTA outputs are often non-quantitative, concentration estimation is now possible using quantitative non-targe...

Compared to the contiguous United States (CONUS), little is currently known about the potential vulnerability of public water systems (PWS) in the State of Alaska to freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs). A Regional-Office of Research and Development (ORD) Applied Research (ROAR...

Area burned by wildfire has increased in the contiguous United States and in many places globally in recent years, impacting communities and ecosystems nearby and even far downwind of fires. We examined the potential effects of smoke on surface chlorophyll-a concentrations in lak...

Inorganic nitrate and nitrite are naturally occurring anions that play an essential role in Earth’s nitrogen cycle. The general population is exposed to nitrate and nitrite from both food and drinking water sources. However, there is evidence that under certain exposure con...

Stormwater runoff is a significant contributor of phosphorus (P) loading to waterbodies around the world. Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) that uses filtration media, such as bioretention, can effectively retain suspended solids and associated particulate P, but is commonly ...

This chapter discusses available information on nitrification occurrence in chloraminated drinking water distribution systems. It is intended to serve as an overview leading on nitrification microbiology, monitoring, prevention, response, and engineering improvements.