Science Inventory

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EPA-ORD-CPHEA's Michael Pennino and Jana Compton were invited to present on groundwater nitrate at the EPA Region 5 State Water Directors Meeting on May 15, 2024.  This meeting brings together EPA Region 5 state clean water and drinking water directors to discuss topics of c...

This review summarizes the literature on efficacy of techniques to sterilize soil. Soil may need to be sterilized if contaminated with pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis. Sterilizing soil in-situ minimizes spread of the bio-contaminant. Soil is difficult to steri...

Background. Seroconversion to a pathogen-specific antibody is a marker of an incident infection with a specific pathogen. While self-reported symptoms can be affected by reporting bias, seroconversion is likely to be free of this bias as it is based on objective measurements of a...

Regulatory authorities aim to organize substances into groups to facilitate prioritization within hazard and risk assessment processes. Often, such chemical groupings are not explicitly defined by structural rules or physicochemical property information. This is largely due to ho...

Read-across is a well-established data-gap filling technique used within analogue or category approaches. Acceptance remains an issue, mainly due to the difficulties of addressing residual uncertainties associated with a read-across prediction and because assessments are expert-d...

The destruction of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is critical to ensure effective remediation of PFAS contaminated matrices. The destruction of hazardous chemicals within incinerators and other thermal treatment processes has historically been determined by calculatin...

Summary of the research investigating the fate of pesticides on porous surfaces, including the transport into permeable paint or sealant and porous sublayers. The mis- or overuse of pesticides continues to occur across the USA in relation to the bed bug epidemic. The fate and tra...

This Subproduct is a slide deck for an invited presentation at the Georgetown University Center for PFAS and Cancer (CPAC) Joint Virtual Symposium.  Slide deck presents the results of our group's PFAS developmental toxicity mixture studies.  This work demonstrates the d...

This summary provides an overview of the Cleaner Indoor Air During Wildfires Challenge: Phase 2 results. This challenge was initiated through a collaborative interagency effort to bring affordable clean air to communities impacted by wildfire smoke. In Phase 1 of the challenge, s...

Identifying reliable positive and negative control compounds is integral to determining the sensitivity and specificity of chemical assays. Our laboratory screens chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity potential using assays that assess larval zebrafish locomotor behavior in r...

1-Bromopropane (CASRN 106-94-5): or 1-BP is a volatile organic chemical that is considered moderately persistent in the environment but does not have the potential to bioaccumulate in fish or other animals. The majority of the 1-BP production volume (~ 47%) is used as a vapor deg...

Trichloroethylene (TCE) has a wide-range of uses in consumer and commercial products and in industry. An estimated 84% of TCE's annual production volume is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of the hydrofluorocarbon HFC-134a. Another 15% of TCE production volume is used a...

N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), also called N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, is a chemical that is widely used during the manufacture and production of polymers, pharmaceuticals, agrichemicals and petroleum products. Information from the 2016 Chemical Data Reporting ...

EPA evaluated the following categories of conditions of use of chrysotile asbestos in this draft risk evaluation: Manufacturing; processing; distribution in commerce; occupational and consumer uses; and disposal.

Perchloroethylene has a wide range of uses, including production of fluorinated compounds, and as a solvent in dry cleaning and vapor degreasing. A variety of consumer and commercial products use perchloroethylene such as adhesives (arts and crafts, as well as light repairs), aer...

Combustion of mixed materials during open air burning of refuse and housefires produces emissions that worsen air and water quality and cause adverse health effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the irritant potential of extractable organic material of smoke condensate...

This study characterized Bacillus globigii (BG) as a Bacillus anthracis Sterne (BAS) surrogate for wastewater treatment-related studies of UV inactivation, adsorption onto powdered activated carbon (PAC), and bioaerosol emission. The inactivation of BG was faster than that of BAS...

The focus on implementation of systematic review (SR) principles in chemical risk assessments (CRAs) is growing as it has the potential to advance the rigour and transparency of the CRAs. However, the SR and CRA communities use their own specific terminologies. Understanding the ...

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) were a topic of great interest at the 2018 ASLO Summer Meeting in Victoria, B.C., Canada (Fig. 1). This was no surprise, since HABs may become – and already are in some areas – the greatest water quality threat to public health and aquatic ...

Exposure to tropospheric ozone pollution impairs photosynthesis and growth in plants and this can have consequences for ecosystems. However, exposure-response research in the United States (U.S.) has historically focused on trees and crops, and less attention has been g...

Tests for dose–response trend may be used to support conclusions on the toxicity of a substance in a range of doses evaluated in a comparative experiment. Criteria are proposed for evaluating and comparing alternative tests, and are applied in a comparison of certain tests ...

Protein processing operations utilize large volumes of water for hair/hide/feather removal, carcass washing, chilling, trimming and cutting, cooking, cleaning and sanitation, etc. The generated wastewater is typically treated onsite and discharged to municipal wastewater treatmen...

Medical professionals are interested in using remote monitoring to identify at-risk populations, reduce outcome disparities, and provide timely interventions to vulnerable patients. We examined the effect of warm season weather conditions on the risk of ventricular tachycardia/ve...

Presentation for PIC 2024 meeting 74% of U.S. firefighters are reproductive age (20 – 49 y.o.; 2019) • 92% of U.S. firefighters are male (2019) • A decrease from 99% in the 1980s (Perroni et al. 2021, PLoS One) • Male reproductive tract may be particularly se...

Invited presentation to SKIG AOP interest group to the SAAOP. Brief introduction to AOP-DB v.2 updates. Full presentation invited to follow at June meeting.