Science Inventory

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a wide range of chemicals that are used in a variety of consumer and industrial products leading to direct human exposure. Many PFAS are chemically nonreactive and persistent in the environment, resulting in additional exposure from ...

Several adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) have linked molecular initiating events like aromatase inhibition, androgen receptor (AR) agonism, and estrogen receptor (ER) antagonism to reproductive impairment in adult fish. Estrogen receptor agonists can also cause adverse reproductiv...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are globally distributed and potentially toxic compounds. We report accumulation of chloroperfluoropolyethercarboxylates (Cl-PFPECAs) and perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) in vegetation and subsoils in New Jersey. Lower molecular weight Cl-P...

New approach methodologies (NAMs) that make use of in vitro screening and in silico approaches to inform chemical evaluations rely on in vitro toxicokinetic (TK) data to translate in vitro bioactive concentrations to exposure metrics reflective of administered dose. With 1364 per...

<h3>Meeting Objective</h3> <p>To facilitate the independent external peer review of the draft PFAS IRIS assessments, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) contracted with ERG to run a public meeting. This website serves as a resource for the peer review activities associa...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of synthetic chemicals of concern that exhibit extreme persistence within the environment and physicochemical properties that are resistant to targeted degradation. Comprising substantial concentrations of PFASs, aqueous fil...

A bench-scale three-furnace experimental system was built to simulate industrial processes of applying per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS)-containing aqueous fluoropolymer dispersions to fibers and fabrics by thermally treating the coated material to affix the polymer. &nbs...

One type of firefighting foam, referred to as aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF), is known to contain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The concerns raised with PFAS, and their potential environmental and health impacts, have led to a surge in research on fluorine-free a...

Emissions from PFAS users and treatment methods pose a threat to human health and the environment. Methods are needed to destroy PFAS by breaking all the strong carbon fluorine bonds. Here an alumina based catalyst developed for the electronics industry to destroy perfluorocarbon...

Concern over per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has increased as more is learned about their environmental presence, persistence, and bioaccumulative potential. The limited monitoring, toxicokinetic (TK), and toxicologic data available are inadequate to inform risk across...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetic compounds used in commercial applications, household products, and industrial processes. The concern around the environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity of this vast contaminant class continues to...

The health effects of chemical mixtures are an imperative research priority for environmental epidemiology, but there are numerous challenges in evaluating and interpreting the available evidence for these effects. New work by Zhan et&nbsp;al.1&nbsp;published in this issue addres...

I Some phthalate esters alter male rat reproductive development during sexual differentiation by interfering with fetal testis maturation resulting in reduced Leydig Cell synthesis of testosterone and insulin-like 3 (Insl3) hormones. Gene transcripts associated with steroid hormo...

While per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been reported extensively in landfill leachate, discrete sources of leachate from within MSW landfills are not as well understood. Samples of gas condensate (GC) – a liquid formed when water vapor in landfill gas condenses – a...

The comprehensive characterization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) is necessary for the effective assessment and management of risk at contaminated sites. While current analytical methods are capable of quantitatively measuring a number of specific PFASs, they do n...

EPA will be developing an Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) assessment of <em>Perfluorodecanoic Acid (PFDA)</em> with an external review draft assessment for public comment and external peer review. When final, the assessment will appear on the IRIS database.

In April 2023, the IRIS Program released the draft IRIS Toxicological Review of Perfluorodecanoic Acid (PFDA) and Related Salts for public comment and external peer review. The IRIS assessment of PFDA will undergo an independent external scientific peer review managed by ERG, a c...

EPA has finalized the IRIS Toxicological Review of Perfluorohexanoic Acid (PFHxA) and Related Salts. This assessment addresses the potential cancer and noncancer human health effects from exposure to perfluorohexanoic acid and related salts. EPA’s program and regional offices may...

A structurally diverse set of 147 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) was screened in a panel of 12 human primary cell systems by measuring 148 biomarkers relevant to (patho)physiological pathways to inform hypotheses about potential mechanistic effects of data-poor PFAS i...

This study is a workflow development for the analysis, identification, and categorization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) using gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) with non-targeted analysis (NTA) and suspect screening techniques. The beha...

A comprehensive, generalized approach to predict the retention of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) by a soil matrix as a function of PFAS molecular and soil physiochemical properties was developed. An AFFF with 34 major PFAS (12 ani...

The term PFAS encompasses diverse per- and polyfluorinated alkyl (and increasingly aromatic) chemicals spanning industrial processes, commercial uses, environmental occurrence, and potential concerns. With increased chemical curation, currently exceeding 14,000 structures in the ...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a diverse set of commercial chemicals widely detected in humans and the environment. However, only a limited number of PFAS are associated with epidemiological or experimental data for hazard identification. To provide developmental ...

Literature review and extraction of PFAS occurrence data

Introduction:&nbsp;Perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) such as carboxylic acids, and sulfonic acids were manufactured in high quantities and are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. These chemicals persist in the environment and tend to bioaccumulate. Materials and Methods:&nb...