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Records 1 to 25 of 49 JOURNALs about 'headwater streams'

Heterogeneity in post-fire thermal responses across Pacific Northwest streams: A multi-site study
(JOURNAL) [Published : May 01, 2024]
Over the past century, water temperatures of many headwater streams in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) have steadily risen, shrinking endangered salmonid habitats. Warming of stream reaches in the PNW can further accelerate due to wildfires burning forest stands that provide stream s...
Identifying invertebrate indicators for streamflow duration assessments in forested headwater streams
(JOURNAL) [Published : Sep 01, 2023]
Streamflow-duration assessment methods (SDAMs) are rapid, indicator-based tools for classifying streamflow duration (e.g., intermittent vs perennial flow) at the reach scale. Indicators are easily assessed stream properties used as surrogates of flow duration, which is too resour...
Nutrient Removal Potential of Headwater Wetlands in Coastal Plains of Alabama, USA
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 25, 2023]
Headwater streams drain over 70% of the land in the United States with headwater wetlands covering 6.59 million hectares. These ecosystems are important landscape features in the southeast United States, with underlying effects on ecosystem health, water yield, nutrient cycling, ...
Emerald ash borer invasion of riparian forests alters organic matter and bacterial subsidies to south Michigan headwater streams
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 01, 2023]
Emerald ash borer (EAB) has killed millions of ash trees in the United States and Canada, yet impacts on terrestrial-aquatic linkages are largely unknown. Ash tree death along streams creates canopy gaps, increasing light to riparian plants and potentially affecting organic matte...
Vulnerable Waters are Essential to Watershed Resilience
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2023]
Watershed resilience is the ability of a watershed to maintain its characteristic system state while concurrently resisting, adapting to, and reorganizing after hydrological (for example, drought, flooding) or biogeochemical (for example, excessive nutrient) disturbances. Vulnera...
Headwater streams and inland wetlands: Status and advancements of geospatial datasets and maps across the United States
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 17, 2022]
Headwater streams and inland wetlands provide essential functions that support healthy watersheds and downstream waters. However, scientists and aquatic resource managers lack a comprehensive synthesis of national and state stream and wetland geospatial datasets and emerging tech...
Climate Change Shrinks and Fragments Habitats for Salmon in a Snow-Dependent Region
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 28, 2022]
Climate change threatens biodiversity through global alteration of habitats, but efficient conservation responses are often hindered by imprecise downscaling of impacts. Besides thermal effects, warming also drives important ancillary environmental changes, such as when river hyd...
Beyond Streamflow: Call for a National Data Repository of Streamflow Presence for Streams and Rivers in the United States
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 09, 2021]
Observations of the presence or absence of surface water in streams are useful for characterizing streamflow permanence, which includes the frequency, duration, and spatial extent of surface flow in streams and rivers. Such data are particularly valuable for headwater streams, wh...
Consideration of spatial and temporal scales in stream restorations and biotic monitoring to assess restoration outcomes: A literature review, part 1
(JOURNAL) [Published : Oct 09, 2020]
Stream and river restoration practices have become common in many parts of the world. We ask the question whether such restorations improve freshwater biotic assemblages or functions over time, and if not, can general reasons be identified for such outcomes. We conducted a litera...
Connectivity of streams and wetlands to downstream waters: an integrated systems framework
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 01, 2018]
Interest in connectivity has increased in the aquatic sciences, partly because of its relevance to the Clean Water Act. This paper has two objectives: (1) Provide a framework to understand hydrological, chemical, and biological connectivity, focusing on how headwater streams and ...
The influence of data characteristics on detecting wetland/stream surface-water connections in the Delmarva Peninsula, Maryland and Delaware
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 01, 2018]
The dependence of downstream waters on upstream ecosystems necessitates an improved understanding of watershed-scale hydrological interactions including connections between wetlands and streams. An evaluation of such connections is challenging when: (1) accurate and complete data...
Enhancing protection for vulnerable waters
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 01, 2017]
Governments worldwide do not adequately protect their limited freshwater systems and therefore place freshwater functions and attendant ecosystem services at risk. The best available scientific evidence compels enhanced protections for freshwater systems, especially for impermane...
Biota: Providing Often-overlooked Connections among Freshwater Systems
(JOURNAL) [Published : Mar 01, 2017]
When we think about connections in and among aquatic systems, we typically envision clear headwater streams flowing into downstream rivers, river floodwaters spilling out onto adjacent floodplains, or groundwater connecting wetlands to lakes to streams. However, there is another ...
Partitioning taxonomic diversity of aquatic insect assemblages and functional feeding groups in Neotropical Savanna headwater streams
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2017]
Biological diversity can be divided into: alpha (α, local), beta (β, difference in assemblage composition among locals), and gamma (γ, total diversity). We assessed the partitioning of taxonomic diversity of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) and of functional feedin...
Macroinvertebrate and organic matter export from headwater tributaries of a Central Appalachian stream
(JOURNAL) [Published : May 11, 2016]
Headwater streams export organisms and other materials to their receiving streams and macroinvertebrate drift can shape colonization dynamics in downstream reaches while providing food for downstream consumers. Spring-time macroinvertebrate drift and organic matter export was me...
Development of a Benthic Macroinvertebrate Multimetric Index (MMI) for Neotropical Savanna Headwater Streams
(JOURNAL) [Published : May 01, 2016]
Assessing the ecological impacts of anthropogenic pressures is a key task in environmental management. Multimetric indices (MMIs), based on aquatic assemblage responses to anthropogenic pressures, have been used increasingly throughout the world. The MMI approach is a low-cost, r...
Is the diet of a typical shredder related to the physical habitat of headwater streams in the Brazilian Cerrado?
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 27, 2015]
Macroinvertebrates are important for processing leaf detritus in temperate streams, but studies about their role in tropical streams are scarce and often present conflicting results. We assessed the diet of Phylloicus (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae) larvae, that is generally class...
Effects of urban stream burial on nitrogen uptake and ecosystem metabolism: implications for watershed nitrogen and carbon fluxes
(JOURNAL) [Published : Oct 01, 2014]
Urbanization has resulted in extensive burial and channelization of headwater streams, yet little is known about impacts on stream ecosystem functions critical for reducing downstream nitrogen pollution. To characterize the biogeochemical impact of stream burial, we measured NO3...
Importance of environmental factors on the richness and distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates in tropical headwater streams
(JOURNAL) [Published : Sep 04, 2014]
It is essential to understand the interactions between local environmental factors (e.g., physical habitat and water quality) and aquatic assemblages to conserve biodiversity in tropical and subtropical headwater streams. Therefore, we evaluated the relative importance of multipl...
Impacts of Mountaintop Removal and Valley Fill Coal Mining on C and N Processing in Terrestrial Soils and Headwater Streams.
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 01, 2014]
We measured C and N cycling indicators in Appalachian watersheds impacted by mountaintop removal and valley fill (MTR/VF) coal mining, and in nearby forested watersheds. These watersheds include ephemeral, intermittent, and perennial stream reaches, and the length of time since d...
Influence of catchment land cover on stoichiometry and stable isotope compositions of basal resources and macroinvertebrate consumers in headwater streams
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2014]
Anthropogenic land use affects aquatic landscapes. For example, landscape-level conversion to urban or agricultural land can heavily influence nutrient cycles in headwater streams via increased nutrient loading and altered hydrologic patterns. Recent studies in headwater streams ...
The Relative Influence of Catchment and Site Variabbles on Fish and Macroinvertebrate Richness in Cerrado Biome Streams
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2014]
Landscape and site-scale data aid the interpretation of biological data and management alternatives. We evaluated how three classes of environmental variables (natural landscape, anthropogenic pressures, and local physical habitat), influence fish and macroinvertebrate assemblage...
A synoptic survey of ecosystem services from headwater catchments in the United States
(JOURNAL) [Published : Mar 01, 2014]
We combined data collected from 568 headwater streams as a part of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s National Rivers and Streams Assessment (NRSA) with catchment attributes related to the production of the ecosystem services of water supply, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphoru...
A validation study of a rapid field-based rating system for discriminating among flow permanence classes of headwater streams in South Carolina
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 01, 2013]
Rapid field-based protocols for classifying flow permanence of headwater streams are needed to inform timely regulatory decisions. Such an existing method was developed for and has been used in North Carolina since 1997. The method uses ordinal scoring of 26 geomorphology, hydr...
Comparing the extent and permanence of headwater streams from two field surveys to values from hydrographic databases and maps
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 01, 2013]
ABSTRACT: Recent US Supreme Court cases have questioned the jurisdictional scope of the Clean Water Act. Headwater streams are central to this issue because many headwater streams do not have year-round flow, and also because little is known about their contributions to navigable...