Science Inventory

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) lack sufficient quality cytotoxicity, toxicity, genotoxicity and genomic data on which to make environmental and regulatory decisions. Therefore, we did a multidisciplinary&nbsp;in vitro&nbsp;study of 3 MWCNTs in human lung cells (BEAS-2B) w...

Non-targeted analysis (NTA) is an increasingly popular technique for characterizing undefined chemical analytes. Generating quantitative NTA (qNTA) concentration estimates requires the use of training data from calibration &ldquo;surrogates,&rdquo; which can yield diminished pred...

Propranolol is a heavily prescribed, nonspecific beta-adrenoceptor (bAR) antagonist frequently found in wastewater effluents, prompting concern over its potential to adversely affect exposed organisms. In the present study, the transcriptional responses of 4, 5, and 6 days postfe...

Background:&nbsp; Xenobiotic metabolites are widely present in human urine and can indicate recent exposure to environmental chemicals. Proper inference of which chemicals contribute to these metabolites can inform human exposure and risk. Furthermore, longitudinal biomonitoring...

The presence of numerous chemical contaminants from industrial, agricultural, and pharmaceutical sources in water supplies poses a potential risk to human and ecological health. Current chemical analyses suffer from limitations, including chemical coverage and high cost, and broa...

Humans interact with thousands of chemicals. This study aims to identify substances of emerging concern and in need of human health risk evaluations. Sixteen pooled human serum samples were constructed from 25 individual samples each from the National Institute of Environmental H...

The World Health Organization (WHO) assesses potential health risks of dioxin-like compounds using Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs). This study systematically updated the relative potency (REP) database underlying the 2005 WHO TEFs and applied advanced methods for quantitative in...

Seven-day sublethal toxicity tests were performed with the freshwater invertebrates&nbsp;Ceriodaphnia dubia,&nbsp;Hyalella azteca, and&nbsp;Chironomus dilutus&nbsp;to determine the effects of per- or polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) of varying chain length within four clas...

Traditionally, chemical toxicity is determined by in vivo animal studies, which are low throughput, expensive, and sometimes fail to predict compound toxicity in humans. Due to the increasing number of chemicals in use and the high rate of drug candidate failure due to toxicity, ...

This sub-product is a journal article that compares a variety of computational approaches for calculating transcriptomic points of departure (tPODs) from in vitro high-throughput transcriptomics (HTTr) screening data.&nbsp; The manuscript uses a data set of 44 chemicals tested in...

Background: The number of chemicals present in the environment exceeds the capacity of government bodies to characterize risk. Therefore, data-informed and reproducible processes are needed for identifying chemicals for further assessment. The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH)...

The US Environmental Protection Agency is evaluating the ecological and toxicological effects of&nbsp;per- and polyfluorinated chemicals. A number of perfluorinated chemicals have been shown to impact the thyroid axis&nbsp;in vivo&nbsp;suggesting that the thyroid hormone system i...

A prior multigenerational perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) exposure investigation in zebrafish reported adverse effects at 0.734 &micro;g/L, among the lowest aquatic effect levels for PFOS reported to date. The present three-generation PFOS exposure quantified survival, growt...

Methods for extrapolating measured in vitro intrinsic clearance to a whole-body biotransformation rate constant (kB) have been developed to support modeled bioaccumulation assessments for fish. The inclusion of extrapolated kB values into existing bioaccumulation models improves ...

Dermal uptake is an important and complex exposure route for a wide range of chemicals. Dermal exposure can occur due to occupational settings, pharmaceutical applications, environmental contamination, or consumer product use. The large range of both chemicals and scenarios of in...

Morphogenesis&nbsp;of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a complex process linked to&nbsp;neovascularization&nbsp;of the embryonic&nbsp;neural tube. This selective transport interface forms between vascular-neural compartments during&nbsp;organogenesis&nbsp;and dysregulation has be...

The Quantitative Structure Use Relationship (QSUR) Summit, held on November 2&ndash;4, 2022, focused on advancing the development, refinement, and use of QSURs to support chemical substance prioritization and risk assessment and mitigation. QSURs utilize chemical structures to pr...

Anthropogenic impacts on lake and stream water quality are well established but have been much less studied in wetlands.&nbsp; Here we use data from the 2016 National Wetland Condition Assessment to characterize water quality and its relationship to anthropogenic pressure for inl...

The ability to predict which chemicals are of concern for environmental safety is dependent, in part, on the ability to extrapolate chemical effects across many species. This work investigated the complementary use of two computational new approach methodologies to support cross-...

Thyroid hormones play key roles in physiological processes such as regulation of the metabolic and cardiac systems as well as the development of the brain and surrounding sympathetic nervous system. Recent efforts to screen environmental chemicals for their ability to alter thyro...

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large class of fluorinated carbon chains that include legacy PFAS, such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS). These compounds indu...

Few studies are available on the environmental and toxicological effects of perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids (PFECAs), such as GenX, which are replacing legacy PFAS in manufacturing processes. To collect initial data on the toxicity and toxicokinetics of a longer-chain PFECA...

Assessing the ecological risk of contaminants in the field typically involves consideration of a complex mixture of compounds which may or may not be detected via instrumental analyses. Further, there are insufficient data to predict the potential biological effects of many detec...

The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is faced with long lists of chemicals that require hazard assessment. The present study is part of a larger effort to develop in vitro assays and quantitative structure-activity relationships applicable to untested chemicals on USEPA...

In October 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) convened an expert panel in Lisbon, Portugal in which the 2005 WHO TEFs for chlorinated dioxin-like compounds were reevaluated. In contrast to earlier panels that employed expert judgement and consensus-based assignment of TEF ...