Science Inventory

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Background: With thousands of chemicals in commerce and the environment, rapid identification of potential hazards is a critical need. Combining broad molecular profiling with targeted in vitro assays, such as high-throughput transcriptomics (HTTr) and receptor scr...

6PPD-quinone, a degradation product of the rubber antiozonant 6PPD that is frequently added to tires, has previously been identified as a causative agent of urban runoff mortality syndrome in salmonids. Previous high-throughput phenotypic profiling (HTPP) studies using the Cell P...

Recent advances in transcriptomics technologies allow for whole transcriptome gene expression profiling using targeted sequencing techniques, which is becoming increasingly popular due to logistical ease of data acquisition and analysis. As data from these targeted sequencing pla...

6PPD-quinone (N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone), a transformation product of the antiozonant 6PPD (N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine) is a likely causative agent of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) pre-spawn mortality. Stormwater runof...

Neural tube closure is a critical morphogenetic event during early vertebrate development. This complex process is susceptible to perturbation by genetic errors and chemical disruption, which can induce severe neural tube defects (NTDs) such as spina bifida. We built a computatio...

Data science training has the potential to propel environmental health research efforts into territories that remain untapped and holds immense promise to change our understanding of human health and the environment. Though data science training resources are expanding, they are ...

There is a pressing need to increase the efficiency and reliability of toxicological safety assessment for protecting human health and the environment. Although conventional toxicology tests rely on measuring apical changes in vertebrate models, there is increasing interest in th...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have garnered increasing attention in recent years and non-targeted analysis (NTA) has become essential for elucidating novel PFAS structures. NTA and PFAS research have been dominated by liquid chromatography  - mass spectrometry (LC-MS...

The analytical quality of compounds subjected to high-throughput screening (HTS) impacts accurate interpretation of assay results, with poor quality samples potentially leading to false negatives or positives.  The Tox21 “10K” library consists of over 8900 unique...

Advancing our understanding of pancreatic toxicity and metabolic disorders caused by environmental exposures requires innovative approaches. The pancreas, a vital organ for glucose regulation, is increasingly recognized as a target of harm from environmental chemicals and dietary...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used persistent synthetic chemicals that have been linked to adverse health. While the behavior of PFAS has been evaluated in the environment, our understanding of reaction products in mammalian systems is limited. This study ...

Consumer products are a major source of chemical exposure and potential risk. It is important to understand what chemicals are in these products to evaluate risk and assess new products for uncommon ingredients. Suspect screening analysis (SSA) using two-dimensional gas chromatog...

The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) aims to protect and restore the nation's largest freshwater resource, in part, by furthering our understanding of the effects of complex chemical mixtures and contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) on aquatic and terrestrial organism...

This study investigated the geographical variability and concentration profiles of contaminants in house dust across Europe. A collaborative trial (CT) was organized by the NORMAN network using a pooled dust sample and advanced chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques co...

While many chemicals are regulated and routinely monitored in drinking water, they represent just a portion of all contaminants that may be present. Typical drinking water analyses involve sampling one liter or less of water, which could lead to trace level contaminants going und...

Since its formulation in 1978, the Cramer classification scheme has emerged as one of the most extensively-adopted predictive toxicology tools – owing in part to its employment for purposes of chemical categorisation in threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) safety evalua...

Water is an increasingly precious resource as years of drought, pollution, as well as an expanding population have all stressed the state's drinking water supplies. Currently, there are increasing concerns about whether regulated and unregulated contaminants in drinking water are...

The merging of physiology and toxicokinetics with computational modeling to characterize dosimetry has led to major advances in the chemical research arena. Driven by the need to estimate internal exposures where in vivo data generation was simply not possible, the application of...

High-throughput transcriptomics (HTTr) uses gene expression profiling to characterize the biological activity of chemicals in in vitro cell-based test systems. As an extension of a previous study testing 44 chemicals, HTTr was used to screen an additional 1751 unique chemicals fr...

Purpose Volatiles are common in personal care products and dermatological drugs. Determining the impact of evaporation of volatiles on skin permeation is crucial to evaluate and understand their delivery, bioavailability, efficacy and safety. We aim to develop an in-silico model ...

The increasing prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders has highlighted the need for improved testing methods to determine developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) hazard for thousands of chemicals. This paper proposes the integration of organoid intelligence (OI); leveraging brain or...

Aquatic invertebrate composition in Great Lakes coastal regions differs from offshore, but studies representing the closest-to-shore end of this gradient are primarily from estuaries and rivermouths having substantial watershed connectivity and anthropogenic influence.  We p...

New approach methodologies (NAMs) aim to accelerate the pace of chemical risk assessment while simultaneously reducing cost and dependency on animal studies. High Throughput Transcriptomics (HTTr) is an emerging NAM in the field of chemical hazard evaluation for establishing in v...

There is an increased interest in utilizing omics responses to address current limitations in chemical risk evaluations, surface water monitoring, and determining the risk posed by complex mixtures.  This article specifically focuses on the use of omics as a line of evidence...

Toxicokinetic (TK) assays and in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) models are New Approach Methods (NAMs) used to translate in vitro points of departure to exposure estimates required to reach equivalent blood concentrations. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a lar...