Science Inventory

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In its 2014 report, A Framework Guide for the Selection of Chemical Alternatives, the National Academy of Sciences placed increased emphasis on comparative exposure assessment throughout the life cycle (i.e., from manufacturing to end-of-life) of a chemical. The inclusion of the ...

New approach methodologies (NAMs) for hazard can be used to inform biological, weight-of-evidence questions as well as risk-related questions for a given substance or set of substances. In this training, a generic workflow using the CompTox Chemicals Dashboard as a data viewer an...

Exposure is a key component of chemical risk assessments, as highlighted by the recent amendment to the Toxic Substances Control Act mandating the US Environmental Protection Agency to consider conditions of chemical use, as well as human and ecological exposures across the chemi...

Exposure data, including chemical use and consumer product information, are required to inform chemical prioritization workflows and other assessments. As such the demand for transparent, curated, and high-quality exposure data is increasing. Under EPA&rsquo;s ExpoCast project, n...

Currently it is difficult to prospectively estimate human toxicokinetics (particularly for novel chemicals) in a high-throughput manner. The R software package httk has been developed, in part, to address this deficiency, and the aim of this investigation was to develop a general...

Air pollution epidemiological studies of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) often use outdoor concentrations from central-site monitors as exposure surrogates, which can add bias or uncertainty in health effect estimates. The goal of this study was to improve ...

This presentation overviews ToxCast, and how to use ToxCast data in screening level risk assessment. This is intended as an introductory overview for Duke students taking a class on risk assessment, and includes slides from a series of presentations given recently on how to use T...

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a decision-making tool that accounts for multiple impacts across the life cycle of a product or service. This paper presents a conceptual framework to integrate human health impact assessment with risk screening approaches to extend LCA to include n...

Prediction of potential chemical bioactivity is relevant for chemical safety assessment internationally, and there are a number of publicly available tools for this purpose. A workflow for understanding chemical bioactivity should begin with assessment of available in silico and ...

We demonstrate the application of a high-throughput modeling framework to estimate exposure to chemicals used in personal care products (PCPs). As a basis for estimating exposure, we use the product intake fraction (PiF), defined as the mass of chemical taken by an individual or ...

Non-targeted analysis (NTA) methods are being increasingly used to aid in the identification of unknown compounds in the environment, a problem that has challenged environmental chemists for decades. Despite its increased use, quality assurance practices for NTA have not been wel...

A tapestry of laws covers the chemicals people are exposed to in the United States (Breyer, 2009). Many chemicals, ranging from industrial waste to dyes to packing materials, are covered by the recently updated Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and administered by the EPA. New...

New approach methodologies (NAM) for assessing chemical hazard are now established, and are being evaluated for inclusion in regulatory decision-making strategies. However, to implement true risk-based decision-making, analogous methods for assessing exposure potential are neede...

This webinar will provide basics on in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) for applying in vitro toxicity screening data to real world scenarios. We will start with background material on &quot;high throughput toxicokinetics&quot; -- the combination of in vitro measurement of key...

Exposure science has a new setting in the Office of Research &amp; Development. It is no longer isolated; instead, it is now better integrated with toxicity testing, following the evolution of chemical evaluation. Computational Exposure Science in the Center for Computational To...

Objective: Fused filament fabrication “3-dimensional (3-D)” printing has expanded beyond the workplace to 3-D printers and pens for use by children as toys to create objects. Materials and methods: Emissions from two brands of toy 3-D pens and one brand of toy 3-D printer were...

A framework is presented to address the toolbox of chemical release estimation methods available for manufacturing processes. Although scientists and engineers often strive for increased accuracy, the development of fit-for-purpose release estimates can speed results that could o...

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool that aids in sustainable decision-making among product and process alternatives. When implementing LCA, the efficient and accurate modeling of chemical processes for life cycle inventory (LCI) generation is still challenging. Challenges inclu...

A methodology is described for developing a gate-to-gate life cycle inventory (LCI) of a chemical manufacturing process to support the application of life cycle assessment in the design and regulation of sustainable chemicals. The inventories were derived by first applying proces...

Prediction of potential chemical-induced endocrine hazard and/or risk is relevant for chemical safety assessment internationally, and there are a number of publicly available tools for this purpose. A workflow for understanding chemical endocrinicity should begin with assessment ...

Under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) amended by the Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been conducting research to support the evaluation of chemicals currently on the market for links between expo...

This presentation will discuss information that has been collected for ingredients in consumer products and articles that is publically available through the Chemicals Dashboard, as well as how this information can be used when performing suspect screening analyses.

To support identification of likely sources of chemicals found in biological media through non-targeted/suspect screening mass spectrometry analysis, our project adds substance relationships between chemicals and their transformation products to the CompTox Chemicals Dashboard. W...

A tapestry of laws covers the chemicals people are exposed to in the United States (Breyer, 2009). Many chemicals, ranging from industrial waste to dyes to packing materials, are covered by the recently updated Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and administered by the EPA. New...

The risk to humans from chemicals in consumer products is a function of both hazard and exposure. There is an ongoing effort to quantify chemical exposure due to household articles such as furniture and building materials. Polymers and plastic materials make up a substantial port...