Science Inventory

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This work estimates benchmarks for new approach method (NAM)&nbsp;performance in predicting&nbsp;organ-level effects in repeat dose studies of adult animals based on variability in replicate animal studies. Treatment-related effect values from the&nbsp;Toxicity&nbsp;Reference dat...

With the advancement of nanotechnology, nanoparticles are widely used in many different industrial processes and consumer products. Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) are among the most toxic nanomaterials. We investigated Cu NPs toxicity in Human Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell...

A biologically based computational model was developed to describe the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in developing Xenopus laevis larvae. The goal of this effort was to develop a tool that can be used to better understand mechanisms of thyroid hormone-mediated metamor...

The aryl hydrocarbon receptors (Ahrs) are evolutionarily conserved ligand-dependent transcription factors that are activated by structurally diverse endogenous compounds as well as environmental chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated aromatic hydrocarb...

To reduce the use of intact animals for chemical safety testing, while ensuring protection of ecosystems and human health, there is a demand for new approach methodologies (NAMs) that provide relevant scientific information at a quality equivalent to or better than traditional ap...

This sub-product is a journal article that compares a variety of computational approaches for calculating transcriptomic points of departure (tPODs) from in vitro high-throughput transcriptomics (HTTr) screening data.&nbsp; The manuscript uses a data set of 44 chemicals tested in...

The &quot;httk&quot; R package for high-throughput toxicokinetics (HTTK) is widely used by partners and stakeholders involved in chemical safety decision-making and research, including researchers at agencies including Health Canada; NIEHS; US Consumer Product Safety Commission; ...

Since 2014, the AOP-Wiki (aopwiki.org) has served as the internationally accessible and harmonized repository of scientific knowledge and evidence organized according to the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework. While the knowledgebase continues to grow steadily there remains ...

Bioinformatics is the combination of information science, mathematics, and biology to answer biological questions, typically pertaining to the exploration of large volumes of DNA and/or amino acid sequence data. The major advantages of such approaches are that complex data can be...

Bioinformatics is the combination of information science, mathematics, and biology to answer biological questions, typically pertaining to the exploration of large volumes of DNA and/or amino acid sequence data. The major advantages of such approaches are that complex data can be...

Chemical safety involves both biology (what the chemical does to us) and behavior (what we do to encounter that chemical). Fully understanding either of those is beyond current scientific methods. Despite the inherent complexity certain features emerge that can provide helpful ru...

Regulatory changes in chemical safety assessment have sought to supplant animal testing with high-throughput screening and in silico modeling. In conjunction with these regulatory changes, metabolism prediction software have seen significant growth in recent years and can support...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Computational Toxicology Program utilizes computational and data-driven approaches that integrate chemistry, exposure and biological data to help characterize potential risks from chemical exposure. The Center for Computational Toxic...

With the passing of the Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) was amended to require risk assessors to consider susceptible subpopulations when prioritizing compounds for risk assessment. While high-throughput consum...

Traditional data sources for cancer risk assessment are resource-intensive, retrospective, and not feasible for the vast majority of environmental chemicals. Incorporation of quantitative genomic data from short-term rodent studies may adequately define protective thresholds for ...

Early-life environmental exposures to developmental neurotoxicants carries a risk for children&rsquo;s health. Studies have shown associations between neurotoxicant exposure and increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), such as autism spectrum and attention-deficit di...

The US Environmental Protection Agency&rsquo;s ToxCast program has generated toxicity data for thousands of chemicals. However, it is recognized that the current panel of assays does not adequately assess the potential for chemical neurotoxicity. Networks of neurons grown on micr...

The potential for environmental chemicals to produce birth defects is largely unknown. Mouse embryonic stem cells were used to profile the bioactivity of chemicals on the EPA Contaminant Candidate List 4 (CCL4). Differentiation and cytotoxicity were evaluated for 81 non-volatile ...

Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) entails one of the most complex areas in toxicology. Development of the central nervous system is a complex process involving many different events within strictly controlled time frames and therefore each event might create a different window of...

Recent technological advancements have led to the development of new high-throughput transcriptomic profiling methods that can be used to rapidly screen chemicals for potential hazards. Decreasing costs have made it feasible to profile all protein-coding genes across thousands of...

Background: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have received wide attention from both the scientific and regulatory communities. A number of recent analyses of the EDC literature have been criticized for failing to use transparent and objective approaches to draw conclusions a...

The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework is intended to describe the causal linkages from a direct molecular interaction with a stressor to an adverse outcome of regulatory concern. Capturing such existing knowledge across biological levels of organization in this manner allow...

CAS Common Chemistry is a website of publicly available chemical information from CASREGISTRY&reg; that has provided validated data on a few thousand common substances since 2009. The CASCommon Chemistry website has been re-launched in 2021 with an updated graphical user interfac...

Scientists are frequently faced with the decision of whether to apply a given mathematical model to make important predictions, but for a given application when is a model &ldquo;up to the task&rdquo;? In this workshop, we connect this question to physiologically based pharmacoki...

A presentation for the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Grantee Progress Review Meeting: Advancing Actionable Alternatives to Vertebrate Animal Testing for Chemical Safety Assessment. Background: EPA awarded $3.4M in research grant funding in 2019 to five institutions to researc...