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Top predators, like the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) bioaccumulate and biomagnify persistent pollutants, such as organochlorine pesticides. In a recently published study, several pesticides and pesticide metabolites not previously reported in alligator eggs wer...

We are examining age-related differences in response to pesticide exposures by systematically measuring behavioral changes and biochemical responses in laboratory rodents at various stages of development. Organophoshate pesticides are being administered to mature (adult) and you...

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Increased incidents of classic and variant forms of neurodegenerative diseases suggest that environmental chemicals and susceptibility factors (e.g., genetics, diseased states, obesity, etc.) may be contributory. Particulate matter (PM) is a type of air pollution that is associat...

Many xenobiotic compounds introduced into the environment by human activity have been shown to adversely affect wildlife. Reproductive disorders in wildlife include altered fertility, reduced viability of offspring, impaired hormone secretion or activity and modified reproductive...

Morphological difference in spleen and thymus are closely related to functional immune differences. Hormonal regulation of the immune system has been demonstrated in reptilian splenic and thymic tissue. Spleens and thymus were obtained from juvenile alligators at two reference si...

Residues of metals, PCBs, and pesticides were measured in whole bodies of fish from small coastal estuaries in Washington, Oregon and California as well as Puget Sound, Columbia and San Francisco Bay. This effort was a component of EPA's Western Coastal Environmental Monitoring ...

The phytoassessment of wastewater-impacted coastal areas is not common in the Gulf of Mexico region. The objective of this research was to provide some initial information on this issue for eight industrial, municipal, and forest product wastewaters using periphyton as an indicat...

The authors have developed a modified Nielsen-Kryger steam-distillation apparatus that provides exhaustive distillation of pesticides and industrial chemicals from water, sediments, and tissue and the simultaneous extraction of the distillate by a small volume of organic solvent....

There is a significant public health concern about the potential effects of occupational exposure to toxic substances on reproductive outcomes. Several toxicants with reported reproductive and developmental effects are still in regular commercial or therapeutic use and thus prese...

Results are reported for laboratory experiments using the mysid shrimp, Mysidopsis bahia, as a practical test species for life-cycle studies to determine subtle effects of toxicants. Ratios of the acute 96-hour lethal concentrations to the maximum acceptable toxicant concentratio...

The identification of toxicants affecting aquatic benthic systems is critical to sound assessment and management of our nation?s waterways. Identification of toxicants can be useful in designing effective sediment remediation plans and reasonable options for sediment disposal. K...

An Update on Some Arsenic Projects at the United States<br> <br> Environmental Protection Agency*<br><br> Charles O. Abernathy1, Michael Beringer2, Rebecca L Calderon3, <br> <br> Timothy McMahon4 and Erik Winchester3<br><br> Offices of Science and Technology1, Solid Waste...

ABSTRACT Exposure to arsenic (As) has been reported to cause many adverse health effects in humans, including internal and skin cancers, vascular, neurological and dermal manifestations. Some Offices of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) deal with As and selected activ...

Male Fischer 344 rats and female B6C3Fl mice were each exposed through their drinking water to a mixture of pesticides and ammonium nitrate that simulated contaminated groundwater in California (California Chemical Mixture [CCM]). xposures were for 71 or 91 days, respectively. n ...

The development of suitable methods for analysis of the alkyl phosphate metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides in urine has been a rather difficult and persistent problem. Currently available methodology suffers from several shortcomings. The extraction of the compounds from ...

<br>Abstract<br> The protection of human health from the adverse effects of cumulative environmental exposure to chemical mixtures is an important issue. Of particular interest is the potential detection and characterization of interaction among chemicals in complex mixtures. R...

Use of pyrethroids has increased in the last decade, and co-exposure to multiple pyrethroids has been reported in humans. Pyrethroids produce neurotoxicity in mammals at dosages far below those producing lethality. The Food Quality Protection Act requires the EPA to consider cumu...

The recent discovery of the pollution of the environment with Kepone has resulted in a tremendous interest in the development of residue methodology for the compound. Current multiresidue methods for the determination of the common organochlorinated pesticides do not yield good q...

Analytical methods and a quality assurance plan have been developed to determine the concentration of a select group of bioaccumulatable chemicals in fish tissue. he analytes include PCBs and 21 pesticides and industrial chemicals. he methodology has been used to conduct a survey...

This report describes the analytical procedures and quality assurance plan used for the determination of xenobiotic chemical contaminants including select pesticides, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls for Phase II of the U.S. EPA National Dioxin Stu...

;Contents: List of available pesticide standards and ordering information; Compounds deleted from 1978 stock and name changes; List of non-pesticide organic chemical standards; Safe handling of primary reference standards; Preparation and storage of reference standards; Decoding ...

Androgen receptor antagonism by the organophosphate insecticide fenitrothion. Tamura, H., Maness, S.C., Reischmann, K. Dorman, D.C., Gray, L.E., and Gaido, K.W. (2000). Toxicol. Sci.<br> <br>Organophosphate insecticides represent one of the most widely used classes of pesticide...

There is a wealth of literature on neurotoxicological outcomes of acute and short-term exposure to pesticides in laboratory animals, but there are relatively few reports of long-term exposure. Reports in the literature describing "chronic" exposures to pesticides are, in fact, a...

There is a wealth of literature on neurotoxicological outcomes of acute and short-term exposure to pesticides in laboratory animals, but there are relatively few studies of- long-term exposure. Many reports in the literature describing ;chronic' exposures to pesticides are, in fa...