Science Inventory

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Cyanobacterial overgrowth impacts and can harm aquatic ecosystems, human, animal and plant health. I provide an overview of recent reports and events that illustrate the breadth of the issue.

One in 33 babies born in North Carolina (NC) are diagnosed with any birth defect. Little has been done to examine the association between community-level risk factors and birth defects. The objective of this study was to estimate the association of census-tract level neighborhood...

Bioaccessibility and relative bioavailability of As, Cd, Pb and Sb was investigated in 30 legacy gold mining wastes (calcine sands, grey battery sands, tailings) from Victorian goldfields (Australia). Pseudo-total As concentration in 29 samples was 1.45–148-fold higher than...

This is a lecture to the Colorado Produced Water Consortium to review methods that are used by EPA to evaluate chemicals and mixtures.

EPA’s Report on the Environment (ROE) brings together the most reliable and readily available indicators to create a comprehensive view of the nation’s environmental and human health status and trends. The indicators provide an objective basis for Agency decision maki...

Background: Observational epidemiologic studies provide critical data for the evaluation of the potential effects of environmental, occupational and behavioural exposures on human health. Systematic reviews of these studies play a key role in informing policy and practice. System...

These data were recently presented at SOT 2024 as a poster, and this sub-product will present the same data and analyses in a presentation at a local society meeting of endocrine disrupting chemicals NC (EDC-NC). Sprague-Dawley rat dams were exposed via oral gavage from GD18-22 t...

Lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) contamination of soils is widespread in the United States and is an important source of exposure in young children. Early life exposure to metal(loid) contaminants has serious and long-lasting effects on health, making mitigation a critical public healt...

This is a short presentation to the Subcommittee on Chemical Exposures of the President's Task Force on Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children. The presentation briefly touches on the STAR program history of ORD funding for Children's Centers, and discusses our c...

Brief overview of Earth Observation science and water quality for middle to high school age children.

This is a presentation abstract for proposed session, ID 141, Advances in New Approach Methods for Thyroid Toxicity Testing, for the SOT 2024 Annual Meeting.  Abstract: There is significant regulatory need to evaluate chemicals that may disrupt the thyroid endocrine system. ...

Neurite outgrowth is an important precursor to synapse formation and assays for neurite outgrowth are part of an in vitro battery (IVB) of assays for developmental neurotoxicity screening (DNT). This battery of assays evaluates chemical effects on key neurodevelopmental processes...

Background: In vitro new approach methods (NAMs) have been developed for evaluating developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) potential. One such DNT NAM, the Network Formation Assay (NFA), uses a twelve-day exposure model to measure neuronal network activity changes in primary rat corti...

Background and Purpose The identification of chemicals with the potential to disrupt androgen signaling is a key component of the EPA’s Endocrine Disruption Screening Program (EDSP). EPA researchers have worked to devise in vitro assays and computational models to serve as ...

Background and PurposeSoil and dust are effective sorbents for many organic chemicals and are known to concentrate lipophilic, less volatile, environmental pollutants. For children’s risk assessment, this is important, primarily because children consume relatively large qua...

Assaying for thyroid interference is of increasing importance in standardized developmental and reproductive toxicity studies. While serum T4 quantification is an endpoint assessed in developing rats, it is unclear how this measure may correlate to adverse neurodevelopmental outc...

Journal article submitted to EcoHealth - (Abstract) - Lyme disease (LD) is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States (U.S.). This paper assesses how climate change may influence LD incidence in the eastern and upper midwestern U.S., and the associated economic bur...

Abstract reduced to fit RAPID character limits - full abstract attached Background and Purpose Recent human and ecological biomonitoring studies in the US and China have identified novel perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids with ether linkages between each fluorinated carbon in a homo...

The period of neurodevelopment is vulnerable to various insults, including those produced by environmental compounds. We have previously observed behavioral alterations (uncoordinated hindlimb gait, decreased startle response, altered motor activity ontogeny) following perinatal ...

Thyroid hormones (TH) are highly iodinated molecules that regulate many aspects of mammalian physiology and are essential for normal growth and development. Deiodinases (DIO) are a family of three metabolizing enzymes (DIO1, DIO2, DIO3) by activating or deactivating TH action. Th...

Background: We have previously observed altered ontogeny of locomotor activity and uncoordinated hindlimb gait and decreased startle response in adult animals following perinatal exposure to emamectin benzoate (EB), which acts as a positive allosteric modulator for GABA-gated chl...

Background and Purpose: During the sensitive perinatal period, environmental stressors are a threat to brain development. We applied proteomics to investigate the protein changes occurring during the early postnatal rat cerebellum development. Methods: High-resolution mass spect...

Background:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease caused by allergen exposures and estimated to affect ∼20% of children. Children in urban areas have a higher prevalence of AD compared with those living outside of urban areas. AD is believed to lead to asthma ...

RATIONALE  Air pollution exposure in pregnancy may affect fetal growth, and fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associ­ated with lung im­pairment that can persist into adulthood. Associated diseases include asthma, pulmonary hypertension (PH), and chronic obstructive p...

To identify U.S. lead exposure risk hotspots, we expanded upon geospatial statistical methods from a published Michigan case study. Evaluation of identified hotspots using six lead indices, based on housing age and sociodemographic data, showed moderate-to-substantial agreement w...