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COMPARING PESTICIDE TRANSFERS FROM RESIDENTIAL SURFACE USING TRANSFERABLE RESIDUE SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND VIDEO-FLUORESCENT IMAGING
Citation:
Nishioka, M. G., W. Ivancic, E A. CohenHubal, K. Andrews, M. Morara, AND J. Sowry. COMPARING PESTICIDE TRANSFERS FROM RESIDENTIAL SURFACE USING TRANSFERABLE RESIDUE SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND VIDEO-FLUORESCENT IMAGING. Presented at International Society of Exposure Analysis, Stresa, Italy, September 21-25, 2003.
Impact/Purpose:
1. To identify those pesticides, pathways, and activities that represent the highest potential exposures to children;
2. To determine the factors that influence pesticide exposures to children;
3. To develop methods for measuring multimedia exposures to children, including methods that account for important activities that take place in home, school, and day care settings;
4. To generate data on multimedia pesticide concentrations, pesticide biomarkers, and exposure factors that can be used as inputs to aggregate exposure models for children.
Description:
The recent change from organophosphate (OP) to pyrethroid insecticides for indoor residential pest control may significantly affect the relative importance of different exposure routes because of differences in physical/chemical properties of these two classes of compounds. In general, the pyrethroids are less volatile and far more lipid-soluble, thus suggesting that it may be increasingly important to characterize the dermal transfer route. We have compared the transfers to PUF Roller, C18 disks, and various wipe and scrub media for two fluorescent tracers, water-soluble riboflavin and lipophilic Uvitex OB, that were co-applied to carpet and laminate surfaces with 5 different OP and pyrethroid pesticides. Aqueous solutions of analytes were sprayed onto surfaces under controlled conditions; surfaces were fully dry before sampling; analyses were carried out by extraction and either GC/MS or spectrofluorimetry. We also applied only the tracers to surfaces and measured the transfers to skin after each of seven repeated hand contacts with the surface. Fluorescence on hands was measured at 600 nm for riboflavin and at 530 nm for Uvitex OB using a video camera and image intensifier with Matrox Image acquisition software. Surface application loadings of 0.2 ug/cm2 were used to approximate loadings that occur in homes after product use. In general terms, transfer rates were approximately 0.02-0.2% for C18, 0.2-2% for PUF Roller, and 2-50% for scrubs and wipes. Hand transfers were similar to wipe and scrub transfer rates, namely, 1-50% depending on analyte, loading and contact parameters.
This work has been funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under Contract No. 68-D-99-011 to Battelle. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the US EPA.