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IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS FORMED IN THE PRESENCE OF BROMIDE
Citation:
Richardson, S D., A D. Thruston Jr., T V. Caughran, P H. Chen, T W. Collette, K M. Schenck, AND B W. Lykins Jr. IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS FORMED IN THE PRESENCE OF BROMIDE. Chapter 26, Barrett, S.E., Krasner, S.W., and Amy, G.L. (ed.), Natural Organic Matter and Disinfection By-Products Characterization and Control in Drinking Water. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, , 389-402, (2000).
Description:
Using a combination of mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy, disinfection by-products (DBPs) were identified in ozonated drinking water containing elevated bromide levels, and in ozonated water treated with secondary chlorine or chloramine. Only one brominated by-product-dibromoacetonitrile-was found in the water treated with only ozone. Many more by-products were identified when secondary chlorine or chloramine was applied after ozonation. A number of these by-products have not been reported previously. When comparing low-bromide water to water with elevated bromide, a tremendous shift in speciation was observed for samples treated with secondary chlorine or chloramine. Without high bromide levels, chlorinated species dominate (e.g., chloroform, trichloroacetaldehyde, tetrachloro-propanone, dichloroacetonitrile, trichloronitromethane); with elevated bromide levels (I mg/L), these shift to brominated species (e.g., bromoform, tribromoacetaldehyde, tetrabromopropanone, dibromo-acetonitrile, tribromonitromethane). An entire family of bromo- and mixed chlorobromopropanones was identified that were not present in library databases, and have not been reported previously. They were observed mainly in the ozone- chlorarnine samples, but were also present in ozone-chlorine-treated water. These brominated by-products were also observed in water treated with only chloramine or chlorine.