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TRANSFORMATION AND TRANSPORT OF VINCLOZOLIN FROM SOIL TO AIR
Citation:
Vallero, D A. AND J. J. Peirce. TRANSFORMATION AND TRANSPORT OF VINCLOZOLIN FROM SOIL TO AIR. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 128(3):261-268, (2002).
Impact/Purpose:
1) Develop methods of ecological exposure (e.g. rapid , sensitive analytical screening methods for a select list of antibiotics widely used in agriculture primarily in CAFOs (confined animal feeding operations).
2) Do Measurements & Provide data for multicompartment models of fate and transport.
3) Study biomagnification of specific chemicals and toxic metals.
4) Study specific pharmaceuticals:
*Determine the routes of entry and the impact of environmental factors such as rainfall on the movement and survivorability of selected antimicrobials in the environment.
*Determine if the entry of agriculture based antibiotics into the environment contributes to resistance in bacterial populations.
*Determine the contribution from municipal waste water treatment plants to antibiotic loading in the environment.
5) Develop methods for the analysis of alkylphenol ethoxylates and derivatives.
Description:
A laboratory chamber was designed and used to determine the headspace flux of the fungicide vinclozolin (3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-5-vinyl-oxzoli-dine-2.4-dione) and its three degradation products from chamber surfaces, 20-30 mesh Ottawa sand, and sterilized and nonsterile North Carolina Piedmont aquic hapludult soils following fungicide spray applications. Results indicate that vinclozolin and its degradation products are influenced by the presence of soil particles, fluid-filled pore space, soil organic matter and clay content, and microbes. The formation of 2-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-carbamoyl]oxy-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid (Ml), was highest in pore water with elevated pH levels, and the degradation is enhanced by the presence of microbes. Ml was also released from lower pH soil pore water, especially when the fungicide was incorporated into the soil. Unlike prior studies of vinclozolin degradation in solutions, this study found that, in soil, both Ml and 3',5'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide (M2) can be produced in the same soil column. These results indicate that engineering controls and agricultural practices following application can affect the amount and pathway of vinclozolin's degradation.
This work has been funded in part by the EPA. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement of recommendation for use.