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REVIEW OF EMISSION FACTORS AND METHODOLOGIES TO ESTIMATE AMMONIA EMISSIONS FROM ANIMAL WASTE HANDLING
Citation:
Doorn, M. J., D. F. Natschke, AND P. C. Meeuwissen. REVIEW OF EMISSION FACTORS AND METHODOLOGIES TO ESTIMATE AMMONIA EMISSIONS FROM ANIMAL WASTE HANDLING. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/600/R-02/017 (NTIS PB2002-105708).
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Description:
The report summarizes and discusses recent available U.S. and European information on ammonia (NH3) emissions from swine farms and assesses its applicability for general use in the U.S., particularly in North Carolina. Emission rates for the houses calculated by various methods show good agreement and suggest that the houses are a more significant source than previously thought. A general emission factor for houses of 3.7 +/- 1.0 kg NH3/yr/finisher pig (or 59 +/- g NH3/kg live weight/yr) is recommended based on the results of multiple field tests. For lagoons, it was found that there is good similarity between the field test results and the number calculated by a mass balance method. The suggested annual NH3 emission factor, based on field tests at one swine farm lagoon in North Carolina, is 2.4 kg/yr/pig. The lagoon emission factor is considered to be less accurate than that for the houses. Emission rates from spray fields were estimated using a total mass balance approach while subtracting the house and lagoon emissions.
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REVIEW OF EMISSION FACTORS AND METHODOLOGIES TO ESTIMATE AMMONIA EMISSIONS FROM ANIMAL WASTE HANDLINGPROJECT SUMMARY