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RECOVERY OF MUTAGENICITY FROM DISINFECTED WATER BY XAD RESIN ADSORPTION COMPARED TO REVERSE OSMOSIS
Citation:
Schenck, K M., T F. Speth, R J. Miltner, M Sivaganesan, AND J E. Simmons. RECOVERY OF MUTAGENICITY FROM DISINFECTED WATER BY XAD RESIN ADSORPTION COMPARED TO REVERSE OSMOSIS. Presented at Environmental Mutagen Society, Anchorage, Alaska, April 27-May 2, 2002.
Description:
Recovery of Mutagenicity from Disinfected Water Samples by XAD Resin Adsorption Compared to Reverse Osmosis
K. M. Schenck1, T. F. Speth1, R. J. Miltner1, M. Sivaganesan1 and J. E. Simmons2
1U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, NRMRL
2U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, NHEERL
The presence of a complex mixture of disinfection byproducts in drinking waters continues to cause concern over the potential long-term health effects of exposure to these compounds. Most of these compounds are present at g/L levels or less. Consequently, some method of concentration is usually necessary prior to toxicological testing. XAD resin adsorption has been used widely to concentrate the organic compounds present in drinking waters prior to mutagenicity testing. However, this method is not compatible with many other assays, due in part to the fact that the compounds are dissolved in an organic solvent instead of a water matrix. A study was conducted to compare reverse osmosis membrane concentration (RO) to XAD adsorption for concentrating drinking water samples. At a pilot-scale plant, a clarified lake water was disinfected with either pre-ozonation/post-chlorination (OZ/CL) or chlorine alone (post-chlorination, CL). Concentrates were prepared by XAD adsorption/ethyl acetate elution or RO. The concentrates were tested in the Ames assay using TA100 and TA98, +/- S9. Both the XAD and RO concentrates showed higher levels of activity in TA100, and the addition of S9 resulted in decreased levels of mutagenicity. The water sample disinfected with CL had a higher level of activity than the sample treated with OZ/CL regardless of the concentration method used. These observations are consistent with previous results for XAD concentrates of water samples. However, the levels of mutagenicity observed in the RO samples were significantly less than those in the XAD samples (P<0.01). The data suggest that the mutagenic characteristics of the compounds recovered by the two methods are similar, however, the recovery of mutagenic compounds appears to be greater by XAD adsorption compared to RO.
key words: drinking water, mutagenicity, resin adsorption, reverse osmosis
Abstract of poster presentation to be given at the Environmental Mutagen Society Meeting,
Anchorage, AK, April 27 - May 2, 2002