Impact/Purpose:
The overall research objective of this task is to improve our understanding of the emission, transport, transformation, and deposition of atmospheric mercury. Information garnered from this research is used to improve and evaluate EPA deterministic models that are used to investigate the (i) relative impact to local, regional, and global sources to atmospheric mercury deposition, and (ii) benefits of various emission reduction scenarios.
Specifically, individual research project objectives are listed below:
(1) Evaluate the ability of speciated mercury (Hg0, Hg2+, HgP) measurements to aid source apportionment models in identifying anthropogenic source contributions to atmospheric mercury deposition
(2) Elucidate the contribution of coal combustion sources to observed mercury wet deposition in the Ohio River Valley
(3) Obtain atmospheric profiles (200 - 12,000 ft) of speciated ambient mercury off the south Florida Coast
- Evaluate the role of long range transport of RGM to Florida in the marine free troposphere.
- Identify any vertical mercury gradients that might indicate the presence of rapid mercury chemistry in air or in cloud water.
(4) Conduct research at Mauna Loa Observatory to elucidate elemental mercury oxidation in the remote marine free troposphere.
(5) Conduct laboratory kinetics experiments to determine the rate constants of elemental mercury oxidation to gaseous inorganic divalent mercury species from atmospheric halide species (e.g. BrO, ClO).
Keywords:
MERCURY, ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION, SOURCE APPORTIONMENT, EVERGLADES, ARCTIC,
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Project Information:
Progress
:(1) A cooperative agreement has been executed with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection to run the Everglades mercury speciation demonstration site. An EPA sampling shelter and a 15' wooden sampling platform was setup at Sawgrass Springs Middle School in Coral Springs, Florida. All of the sampling and meteorological instrumentation are in place and are still operating. A second sampling site was established in August 2001 in downtown Ft. Lauderdale to evaluate the impact of an oil-fired utility boiler on transport to the Coral Springs site and quantify near field atmospheric mercury deposition. The Ft. Lauderdale site is also still operating. A 1-year no cost extension was put in place to extend the project period to March 31, 2005.
(2) A cooperative agreement has been established with the University of Michigan (Dr. Gerald Keeler) to run a mercury monitoring site in the Ohio River Valley. An EPA sampling shelter and 30' wooden sampling platform was constructed on the campus of the Franciscan University in Steubenville, Ohio in September 2002. Site set up has been completed and official measurements began in January 2003. All of the sampling and meteorological instrumentation are in place and are still operating. A supplemental funding package was subsequently processed to add additional monitoring equipment, additional sample analysis, and an additional year of monitoring to this project. This would include 4 months of intensive sampling periods utilizing the new EPA slurry sampler, MOUDI cascade impactors, and a continuos OC/EC instrument.
(3) The field portion of the atmospheric profiling experiment was accomplished during two intensive sampling campaigns in January 2000 and June 2000. Atmospheric profiles of speciated mercury were made over the Gulf of Mexico, Everglades, and Atlantic Ocean during twenty-one 5-hour research flights aboard the NOAA Twin Otter aircraft. Ground measurements were also made at the Coral Springs site and from the NERL mobile mercury laboratory stationed at Pompano Beach. Analysis of samples and meteorological modeling are presently underway. One paper on measurements at Pompano Beach has been completed and published in JGR atmosphere (2003) 108(D12), 4357, doi:10.1029/2002JD003084 and one paper on the wind tunnel evaluation of the aircraft manifold has been completed and published in the Journal of Aerosol Science and Technology (2004) 38, 311-321.
(4) An IAG with NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (CMDL) was executed in 2001 and a high altitude research site was established in July 2001 at the CMDL Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii. All monitoring equipment is presently operating. New monitoring equipment will be installed in January/February of 2005 to measure continuous gas and particulate phase halides to investigate the mechanism for Hg0 oxidation in the Marine free troposphere.
(5) Task order contract with Battelle was initiated and first round of chamber kinetics studies were completed and final report submitted.
Relevance
:Research being conducted under this task is being performed to address several of the research questions identified in ORD's Mercury Research Strategy. EPA NERL/HEASD is presently able to contribute in answering two of these key questions, mainly to quantify speciated mercury emissions (elemental, ionic, and particulate phase) from combustion and non-combustion sources and improve information on the transport, transformation and fate of mercury in the environment.
Clients
:EPA OIA, EPA Region IV, Florida DEP
Project IDs:
ID Code
:5672
Project type
:OMIS