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HUMAN SCALP HAIR: AN ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE INDEX FOR TRACE ELEMENTS. III. SEVENTEEN TRACE ELEMENTS IN BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA AND CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA (1972)
Citation:
Creason, J., Thomas A. Hinners, AND J. Bumgarner. HUMAN SCALP HAIR: AN ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE INDEX FOR TRACE ELEMENTS. III. SEVENTEEN TRACE ELEMENTS IN BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA AND CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA (1972). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/1-78/037C (NTIS PB286418).
Description:
Seventeen trace elements - arsenic (As), barium (Ba), boron, (B), cadmium, (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), silver (Ag), tin (Sn), vanadium (V), and Zinc (Zn) - were measured in human scalp hair in two southeastern United States communities - Birmingham, Alabama and Charlotte, North Carolina. Of the seven for which dustfall trace element measurements were available (lead, nickle, cadmium, copper, zinc, chromium and manganese) lead showed a significant positive relationship with male and female children's scalp hair levels, while copper was significantly related to female childrens' and male adults' scalp hair concentrations, and cadmium levels were significantly related to scalp hair levels in male adults. Only four out of sixty tests of significance were significant when housedust was used as an environmental exposure index for fifteen trace elements. This result is about what one would expect by chance if no differences actually existed.