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TOXICITY OF FLUCYTHRINATE TO GAMMARUS LACUSTRIS (AMPHIPODA), PTERONARCYS DORSATA (PLECOPTERA) AND BRACHYCENTRUS AMERICANUS (TRICHOPTERA): IMPORTANCE OF EXPOSURE DURATION
Citation:
Anderson, R. AND P. Shubat. TOXICITY OF FLUCYTHRINATE TO GAMMARUS LACUSTRIS (AMPHIPODA), PTERONARCYS DORSATA (PLECOPTERA) AND BRACHYCENTRUS AMERICANUS (TRICHOPTERA): IMPORTANCE OF EXPOSURE DURATION. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-84/103 (NTIS PB85104933).
Description:
The effect of the synthetic pyrethroid flucythrinate on three non-target invertebrates was evaluated using continual and short-time exposure methods. Both methods show toxic action at measured concentrations 0.100 micrograms/litre. The use of both approaches pointed toward the importance of exposure time in hazard assessment. Exposures for a short time followed by an extended observation period in insecticide-free water show that a lethal exposure can occur in less time than estimated from continually exposed animals. For example, continually exposed Gammarus lacustris had a 72 h LC50 of 0.12 micrograms/litre. However, exposure for only 17.6 h at 0.12 micrograms/litre will kill 50% of the exposed animals during an extended observation time. The use of both approaches can also provide insights into minimum exposure times for each test concentration, and the possibility of post-exposure mortality.