Citation:

Martın-Hernandez, E., Y. Hu, V. Zavala, M. Martin, AND Gerardo J. Ruiz-Mercado. Promoting phosphorus recovery at livestock facilities in the Great Lakes region: Analysis of incentive policies. In Proceedings, 14th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering – PSE 2021+, KyotoJ, June 19 - 23, 2022. ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, Holland, 1855-1860, (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85159-6.50309-2

Impact/Purpose:

Intensive livestock farming produces most of the meat and dairy products worldwide, and their demand expects to increase every year. Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) can meet this increasing demand for developing intensive farming practices. However, the livestock industry needs large amounts of water and releases 14.5% of the anthropogenic-based greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Also, phosphorus releases due to improper organic waste management from these facilities contribute to the eutrophication of fresh and marine waters, harmful algal blooms (HABs), toxins release, and hypoxia due to algae biomass decomposition. This work evaluates the effect of different incentive policies for promoting the implementation of phosphorous and energy recovery systems at CAFOs. The combination of incentives for the recovery of phosphorus and electricity are considered since phosphorous recovery systems can be implemented either as standalone technologies or integrated with biogas production and upgrading processes. In addition, we study the allocation of limited monetary resources using a Nash scheme to determine the breakeven point for allocating monetary resources based on the availability of incentives. This effort can support state and regional partners in designing and evaluating regional incentive policies for phosphorus recovery systems to achieve economic neutrality and determine the break-even point for allocating economic resources based on the availability of such incentives and geospatial nutrient pollution conditions.

Description:

Intensive farming activities release large amounts of phosphorus into the environment in the form livestock manure, contributing to the eutrophication of waterbodies, and can lead to algal bloom episodes. This work conducts a study on the design and analysis of incentive policies to promote the implementation of phosphorus recovery systems at intensive livestock facilities minimizing their negative impact on the economy of livestock operations. The Great Lakes area is used as case study, analyzing the economic impact of the implementation of phosphorus recovery systems, either considering the deployment of standalone phosphorus recovery processes, or integrated systems combining nutrient recovery with anaerobic digestion for the production of electricity. Moreover, the fair allocation of monetary resources when the available budget is limited has been studied using the Nash allocation scheme.

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