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Exposure to Triclosan and Bisphenol Analogues B, F, P, S and Z in Repeated Duplicate-Diet Solid Food Samples of Adults
Citation:
Morgan, M. AND M. Clifton. Exposure to Triclosan and Bisphenol Analogues B, F, P, S and Z in Repeated Duplicate-Diet Solid Food Samples of Adults. Toxics. MDPI, Basel, Switzerland, 9(3):47, (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9030047
Impact/Purpose:
The Ex-R adults were exposed to levels of BPB, BPF, BPP, BPS, BPZ and TCS residues in a variety of solid foods they consumed over the six-week monitoring period. Among the target phenols, only TCS was detected frequently (> 55%) in the 776 DDSF samples. As there are no known uses of TCS in food packaging in the US, these TCS data suggest that over half the food samples consumed by the Ex-R adults were indirectly contaminated by unknown sources (e.g., consumer products) of this chemical prior to consumption.
Description:
Triclosan (TCS) and bisphenol analogues are used in a variety of consumer goods. Few data exist on the temporal exposures of adults to these phenolic compounds in their everyday diets. The objectives were to determine the levels of TCS and five bisphenol analogues (BPB, BPF, BPP, BPS, and BPZ) in duplicate-diet solid food (DDSF) samples of adults and to estimate maximum dietary exposures and intake doses per phenol. Fifty adults collected 776 DDSF samples over a six-week monitoring period in North Carolina in 2009–2011. The levels of the target phenols were concurrently quantified in the DDSF samples using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. TCS (59%), BPS (32%), and BPZ (28%) were detected the most often in the samples. BPB, BPF, and BPP were all detected in <16% of the samples. In addition, 82% of the total samples contained at least one target phenol. The highest measured concentration of 394 ng/g occurred for TCS in the food samples. The adults’ maximum 24-h dietary intake doses per phenol ranged from 17.5 ng/kg/day (BPB) to 1,600 ng/kg/day (TCS). An oral reference dose (300,000 ng/kg/day) is currently available for only TCS, and the adult’s maximum dietary intake dose was well below a level of concern.
URLs/Downloads:
DOI: Exposure to Triclosan and Bisphenol Analogues B, F, P, S and Z in Repeated Duplicate-Diet Solid Food Samples of Adults