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Review of Modeling Methodologies for Managing Water Distribution Security
Citation:
Zechman Berglund, E., J. Pesantez, A. Rasekh, M. Shafiee, L. Sela, AND Terranna Haxton. Review of Modeling Methodologies for Managing Water Distribution Security. JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Reston, VA, 146(8):23, (2020). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001265
Impact/Purpose:
Drinking water systems are responsible for ensuring the delivery of safe, high quality water to consumers. To help water utilities anticipate and prepare for possible disruptions to their system operations, researchers have been investigating, developing, and evaluating methods to improve the security and resilience of drinking water distribution systems. The research areas explored in this paper include risk assessment, mitigation, emergency preparedness, response, and recovery. The approaches utilized to address these research areas include modeling, simulation, systems analysis, optimization, and data analysis. Anyone involved with drinking water systems, such as utilities, state environmental protection agencies, and researchers can benefit from this research.
Description:
Activities for managing the security of water distribution systems assess and manage hazards that threaten water delivery, water quality, and physical and cybernetic infrastructure. This manuscript conducts a review of academic literature to report on the state-of-the-art in modeling methodologies that have been developed to support the security of water distribution systems. First, we review the major activities that are outlined in the emergency management framework; activities include risk assessment, mitigation, emergency preparedness, response, and recovery. We review simulation approaches and prototype software tools that have been developed by government agencies and academic research for assessing and mitigating four threat modes, including contamination events, physical destruction, interconnected infrastructure cascading failures, and cybernetic attacks. Modeling tools are mapped to emergency management activities, and analysis of research is provided to group studies based on methodologies that are used and developed to support emergency management activities. Recommendations are made for research needs that will contribute to the enhancement of the security of water distribution systems.
