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12-Hydroxy Oleic Acid Impairs Endothelium Dependent Vasorelaxation
Citation:
Bass, V., S. Snow, J. Soukup, M. Schladweiler, A. Ghio, U. Kodavanti, AND M. Madden. 12-Hydroxy Oleic Acid Impairs Endothelium Dependent Vasorelaxation. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH - PART A: CURRENT ISSUES. Taylor & Francis, Inc., Philadelphia, PA, 82(5):383-386, (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2019.1603282
Impact/Purpose:
Free fatty acids are found in a wide range of organic combustions emissions, including particles from diesel, biodiesel, wood smoke, and cigarette smoke. Combustion emissions contribute a large amount of particulate matter to air pollution. Current epidemiology studies indicate a strong association between particle pollution and increased susceptibility to adverse respiratory and cardiovascular events, including changes in vascular function. As a component of air pollutants, fatty acids may contribute to the effects observed with these exposures by inhalation. Additionally, exposure to the reactive oxygen pollutant ozone has been shown to increase endogenous concentrations of FFA in circulation. To elucidate the possible involvement of FFA in vascular effects attributed to particle pollutants, we used oleic acid as a model long-chain FFA and assessed functional changes in aortic tissue exposed ex vivo. Findings suggest FFA have biological effects with greater potency associated with hydroxyl groups. FFA may play a role in the human morbidity and mortality responses to ambient air pollutants such as particulate matter.
Description:
Diesel and biodiesel particulates have been demonstrated to reduced vascular responsiveness in vivo and in vitro, but the components of PM responsible for this effect are poorly understood. Fatty acids represent a significant fraction of the compounds that make up organic combustion byproducts and can therefore be involved in vascular exposures following inhalation. We hypothesized that vascular tissue exposed to a model fatty acid would exhibit reduced responses to vasoactive agonists ex vivo. Aortic rings from WKY rats were exposed to oleic acid (OA) or 12-hydroxy oleic acid (12-OH OA) and evaluated for response to vasoactive agonists for vasocontraction, endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation, and endothelial-independent vasorelaxation. 12-OH OA was shown to significantly reduce endothelium-dependent vasodilation at subtoxic doses. This approach demonstrates the potential for fatty acids, especially oxidized forms, to play a role in the vascular responses observed upon air pollution exposure.
